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This is a c.190 AD "Sarcophagus with the Triumph of Dionysus" at the Walters Gallery of Art, Baltimore. It was discovered on the Via Salaria in Rome, Italy and is cut from marble from Cape Vathy Quarry in Greece. It is one of 7 sarcophagi found in the tomb of the family Calpurnii Pisones. The lid portrays scenes from the birth of Dionysus. The main body depicts scenes from a journey the infant Dionysus made to India. Note the African animals depicted including elephants, a lion, a giraffe, a lizard and a snake indicating that the young Dionysus was raised in Africa. According the Walters: "... The triumphal march of Dionysus (or Bacchus, as he was generally known in Rome) through the lands of India was equated in Roman thought with the triumph of the deceased over death. At the left, Dionysus rides in a chariot pulled by panthers. Preceding him is a procession of his followers and exotic animals, including lions, elephants, and even a giraffe. A bird's nest is concealed in the tree at the far right; on the same tree a snake is pursuing a lizard. Many of the animals depicted had special significance in the mystery cult of Dionysus Sabazius. On the lid is the birth of Dionysus and his reception by nymphs, shown between satyr heads (on the ends), one smiling and one frowning. The enormous attention to detail on this sarcophagus exemplifies the talents of the best Roman relief carvers. ..." Walters Gallery of Art. I call this photograph taken in August 2015: "Pilgrimage to India."
268.
This is a detail from the Walters "Sarcophagus with the Triumph of Dionysus." I call this photo, also taken in August 2015: "Pilgrimage to India - 2" The Walters also has a wall sized modern mosaic of the ancient world suggesting where in Africa Dionysus may have been raised. The Nubian capital in those days was in Meroë, which is in present day Sudan (although it was later move to Axum, in present day Ethiopia.) Note the close proximity of Meroë to Mecca across the Red Sea. Work on this website strongly suggests that during late Roman times, what we call "Arabia" was under the rule of black African kings. The pilgrimage to India was probably started from somewhere in South Arabia. *** (June 7, 2016) The followers of the queen of Sheba - the "queen of the south" may have extended as far east as India. Watching the Merchant/Ivory film "The Courtesans of Bombay" (1983) alerted me to the Devadasi or "dancing girl" tradition in India. According to Wikipedia: " ...In South India, a devadasi (Sanskrit: servant of deva (god) or devi (goddess) ) is a girl "dedicated" to worship and service of a deity or a temple for the rest of her life. The dedication takes place in a Pottukattu ceremony which is similar in some ways to marriage. Originally, in addition to taking care of the temple and performing rituals, these women learned and practiced Sadir (Bharatanatya), Odissi and other classical Indian artistic traditions and enjoyed a high social status as dance and music were essential part of temple worship. Traditionally devadasis had a high status in society. After marrying wealthy patrons, they spent their time honing their skills instead of becoming a housewife. They had children from their husbands who were also taught their skills of music or dance. Often their patrons had another wife who served them as housewife. During British rule in the Indian subcontinent, kings who were the patrons of temples and temple arts became powerless. As a result, devadasis were left without their traditional means of support and patronage. During colonial times, reformists worked towards outlawing the devadasi tradition on grounds that it supported prostitution. Colonial views on devadasis are hotly disputed by several groups and organizations in India and by western academics as the inability of the British to distinguish them from the girls who danced in the streets for the reasons other than spiritual devotion to the deity as in socio-economic deprivation and perusal of folk arts. Recently the devadasi system has started to disappear, having been outlawed in all of India in 1988. ... " Devadasi, Wikipedia *** The reason the Devadasi tradition may be linked to the lands of the queen of Sheba becomes evident when you seen photographs of Devadasi courtesans from the courts of 19th century Maharajahs - the infamous "Nautch girls". Many of them are black-skinned - as black or blacker than many Africans. *** (June 25, 2016) According to Wikipedia: " ... In North India, Nautch is one of several styles of popular dance, performed by girls known as Nautch girls. The word Nautch is an anglicized version of ... nac, a word found in Hindi and Urdu ... , and several other languages of North India, derived from the Sanskrit,Nritya, via the Prakrit, Nachcha. A simple and literal translation of Nautch is "dance" or "dancing". The culture of the performing art of Nautch rose to prominence during the later period of Mughal Empire, and the British East India Company Rule. Over time, the Nautch traveled outside the confines of the Imperial courts of the Mughals, the palaces of the Nawabs and the Princely states, and the higher echelons of the officials of the British Raj, to the places of smaller Zamindars, and other places. Some references use the terms Nautch and Nautch girls to describe Devadasis who used to perform ritual and religious dances in the Hindu temples of India. However, there is not much similarity between the Devadasis and the Nautch girls. The former performed dances, mostly Indian classical dances, including the ritual dances, in the precincts of the Hindu temples to please the temple deities, whereas the Nautch girls performed Nautches for the pleasure of men. In 1917, attributing the adjective to a woman in India would suggest her entrancing skill, tempting style and alluring costume could mesmerize men to absolute obedience. ... " Nautch, Wikipedia [My intuition is Nautch girls were a Devadasi subculture. British colonial account of a "Bazar Woman".] *** It seems evident to me that these Nautch girls passed on their black skin to some extremely powerful Indians - perhaps the best example being the last emperor of India - the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar who was deposed by the British in 1858. In a photograph taken just before his exile to Burma, the last Mughal is as black skinned as a Somali or a Maasai. *** (June 25, 2016) For a glimpse into a Mughal Zenana see: John Zubrzycki's "The Last Nizam" (2006) : "... Mahboob Ali Khan [the 6th Nizam of Hyderabad (1866 – 1911)] had been initiated into the pleasures of the flesh at an early age and estimates of the number of concubines he kept in specially partitioned quarters of his main palaces ranged from a conservative 100 to what one prudish [British] Resident put at a "shocking" 10,000. The women included dancing girls and the daughters of nobles, Muslims as well as Hindus and even an Anglo-Indian. Not all were the fleeting objects of his attention; some were presented by fathers wanting the honour of having a daughter at the palace. After spending a night with the Nizam, most girls were sent to the crowded quarters of the zenana and never called again. The reward for any woman who bore a son was an increase in her allowance, a staff of servants and a special apartment ..." John Zubrzycki "The Last Nizam" (2006) at 100-101. *** There is also suggestive evidence of an ancient African tie to India in the "Black" Pagoda - the Konark Sun Temple in Odissa, India. According to Wikipedia: " ... Konark Sun Temple is a 13th-century AD Sun Temple at Konark in Odisha, India. It is believed that the temple was built by king Narasimhadeva I of Eastern Ganga Dynasty in 1255 AD. The temple complex is in the shape of a gigantic chariot, having elaborately carved stone wheels, pillars and walls. A major part of the structure is now in ruins. The temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and has also featured on various list of Seven Wonders of India. ... The temple was originally built at the mouth of the river Chandrabhaga, but the waterline has receded since then. ... It has twelve pairs of elaborately carved stone wheels which are 3 meters wide and is pulled by a set of seven horses (4 on the right and 3 on the left). The temple follows the traditional style of Kalinga architecture. It is carefully oriented towards the east so that the first rays of sunrise strikes the principal entrance. ... According to Bhavishya Purana and Samba Purana, there may have been a sun temple in the region earlier than current one, dating to the 9th century or earlier. The books mention three sun temples at Mundira (possibly Konark), Kalapriya (Mathura), and Multan. According to the scriptures, Samba, the son of Krishna, was cursed with leprosy. He was advised by the sage, Kataka, to worship the sun god to cure his aliment. Samba underwent penance for 12 years in Mitravana near the shores of Chandrabhaga. Both the original Konark temple and the Multan temple have been attributed to Samba. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (1st Century CE) mentions a port called Kainapara, which has been identified as current day Konark. ... " Konark Sun Temple, Wikipedia *** Samba, to me, seems to be an African name. Also there is an accurate carving of a giraffe on one of the walls - indicating contact with Africa. The horses pulling the sun chariot also seem very similar to "Yemen Horse" on page 43 of this website. - To me this all suggests a Sabaean colony in India. Finally, and most importantly, is the aggressively erotic nature of the Maithuna sculptures all over the Temple. To me these seem to be a direct link to Sabaean worship of the sun - the sun being eros. *** According to theKonark.in : " ... HISTORY & LEGENDS OF KONARK SUN TEMPLE Various theories have been propounded regarding the purpose of selecting the site and erection of such a mammoth monument at Konark. There are many legends of Konark that tell us a lot about the construction, existence as well as the origin and history of Konark. Since the time of Mahammad Ghori, Orissa was raided several times by the Muslims, but the Hindu kings of Orissa could resist them definitely for a longer period. The Hindus were aware that it would be rather impossible for them to tackle with such a warrior nation and to drive them permanently out of their their country. Still they went on taking aggressive parts in such a way, that they could delay the Muslim occupation in Orissa, for about two centuries more. By the middle of the 13th century, when the Muslims had conquered the whole of the northern India and most parts of neighboring Bengal, there was hardly any power which could check their advance and it was thought that the Hindu Kingdom of Orissa would soon be overrun by them. At that time Narasimhadeva I started taking the offensive against them. After the death of Sultan Iltutmish, in 1236 A.D., the throne of Delhi remained weak for sometime, when Nasiruddin Mahammad succeeded him and appointed one Tughan Khan, a Governor of Bengal. A great fight took place between the Muslim army, under the said Tughan Khan and Narasimhadeva I, at Katasin, in the year 1243 A.D., where the former were completely defeated and ran away. The heavy loss of lives in this war was so severe. Narasimhadeva's victory in this war must have enormously enhanced his prestige in the eyes of the contemporary Hindu Kings and as such, he wanted to build a temple to represent both, a shrine and a Kirti-Stambha (victory-memorial) to commemorate his victory according to his royal status and prestige. ... The beauty of the Sun-rise and the roaring voice of the sea charmed Narasimhadeva since his early life. The river chandrabhaga which is now dead, was once flowing within a mile to the north of the temple site and was joining the sea. On its banks, existed flourishing towns and important trading centres. Trade was carried on with foreign countries as well, by sea routes, as there was no better communication other than the river in those days. Narasimhadeva had preferred the place for his proposed temple, for not only enabling him to bring his building materials from different places by the said river, but the sanctity of the [place] was also considered by him. In this connection there is an interesting legend which says that, once Samba, the son of Sri Krishna, incurred the displeasure of Narada. Who revenged himself by getting Samba afflicted with leprosy. Ultimately, when Samba, was found innocent, he was advised to practice penance in the Maitreyi forest for 12 years, to please Surya(Sun God) to cure him of his disease. He acted accordingly and after the prescribed period the Sun appeared before him and asked to recite the twenty-one different names of the deity. Next morning when Samba was taking his bath in chandrabhaga, his hands came in contact with something in the water. He immediately lifted it up and saw an image of Surya (Sun God) standing on a lotus pedestal, holding two lotuses in his both hands. He carried the image to his Ashrama (hermitage) and installed it in a temple, built by him. Samba was however completely cured, after sometime, by worshipping the deity. In addition to the above legend, there is another legend associated with it. It is believed that in the proximity of Konark Temple, there was a pool in which once a stone was dropped by King Narsimha Deva and it was galloped by the Raghab Fish. On hearing this, the goddess Dhama got disturbed. She gave a suggestion to Sivai Santra to construct a temple by dropping stones from sides. Thus, the Sun temple is believed to have been built in this manner. Besides the sanctity and the favourable surroundings, the presence of majestic sea eternally roaring and rolling within a striking distance, was perhaps an added attraction for them. ... " thekonark.in *** (June 13, 2016) For a still-active temple from the same era in Orissa, see the Lingaraj temple. *** (June 30, 2016) According to Wikipedia: " ... Lingaraj Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Harihara, a form of Shiva and Vishnu ... and is one of the oldest temples in Bhubaneswar, the capital of the East Indian state of Orissa. The temple is the most prominent landmark of the Bhubaneswar city and one of the major tourist attractions of the state. The Lingaraja temple is the largest temple in Bhubaneswar. The central tower of the temple is 180 ft (55 m) tall. The temple represents the quintessence of the Kalinga Architecture and culminating the medieval stages of the architectural tradition at Bhubaneswar. The temple is believed to be built by the kings from the Somavamsi dynasty, with later additions from the Ganga rulers. The temple is built in the Deula style that has four components namely, vimana (structure containing the sanctum), jagamohana (assembly hall), natamandira (festival hall) and bhoga-mandapa (hall of offerings), each increasing in the height to its predecessor. The temple complex has 50 other shrines and is enclosed by a large compound wall. Bhubaneswar is called the Ekamra Kshetra as the deity of Lingaraj was originally under a mango tree (Ekamra) as noted in Ekamra Purana, a 13th-century Sanskrit treatise. The temple is active in worship practises, unlike most other temples in Bhubaneswar and Shiva is worshipped as Harihara, a combined form of Vishnu and Shiva. The temple has images of Vishnu, possibly because of the rising prominence of Jagannath sect emanating from the Ganga rulers who built the Jagannath Temple in Puri in the 12th century. Lingaraja temple is maintained by the Temple Trust Board and the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). The temple has an average of 6,000 visitors per day and receives lakhs of visitors during festivals. Shivaratri festival is the major festival celebrated in the temple and event during 2012 witnessed 200,000 visitors. ... " Lingaraj, Wikipedia *** The tower of the Lingaraj temple is still intact and is probably what the tower of the Konark temple once looked like. *** Regarding the erotic sculptures all over the Konark Sun Temple - Maithuna, according to Wikipedia: " ... " ... Although some writers, sects and schools, e.g. Yogananda, consider this to be a purely mental and symbolic act, a look at different variations (and translations) of the word maithuna clearly shows that it refers to male-female couples and their union in the physical, sexual sense and is synonymous with kriya nishpatti (mature cleansing). Just as neither spirit nor matter by itself is effective but both working together bring harmony so is maithuna effective only then when the union is consecrated. The couple become for the time being divine: she is Shakti and he is Shiva. The scriptures warn that unless this spiritual transformation occurs the union is carnal and sinful. Yet it is possible to experience a form of maithuna without physical union. The act can exist on a metaphysical plane without sexual penetration, in which the shakti and shakta transfer energy through their subtle bodies alone. It is when this transfer of energy occurs that the couple, incarnated as goddess and god via diminished egos, confronts ultimate reality and experiences bliss through union of the subtle bodies. ... " Maithuna, Wikipedia *** (June 30, 2016) The Lingaraj temple, which is in active use, is dedicated to Shiva. My intuition is the Konarak sun temple, which is a ruin, is dedicated to Shakti. In other words, only one side of the necessary Shakti/Shiva balance is being actively worshiped in India today. According to Wikipedia: " ... In Hinduism, Shakti, also spelled as Sakthi or Shakthi, meaning "power" or "empowerment," is the primordial cosmic energy and represents the dynamic forces that are thought to move through the entire universe. Shakti is the concept, or personification, of divine feminine creative power, sometimes referred to as 'The Great Divine Mother' in Hinduism. As the mother she is known as Adi Parashakti or Adishakti. In her avatar as Akshara Mandhapati, her power is her uncontrollable energy. On the earthly plane, Shakti most actively manifests through female embodiment and creativity/fertility, though it is also present in males in its potential, unmanifest form. Hindus believe that Shakti is both responsible for creation and the agent of all change. Shakti is cosmic existence as well as liberation, its most significant form being the Kundalini Shakti, a mysterious psychospiritual force. In Shaktism and Shaivism, Shakti is worshipped as the Supreme Being. Shakti embodies the active feminine energy of Shiva and is identified as Tripura Sundari or Parvati. ... " Shakti, Wikipedia *** Dharma Wheel at Konark Sun Temple Dharma Wheel - Konark Temple (detail) Konark Sun Temple - Maithuna - 1 Konark Sun Temple - Maithuna - 2 Konark Sun Temple - Maithuna - 3 Konark Sun Temple - Maithuna - 4 Konark Sun Temple - Maithuna - 5 Konark Sun Temple - Dharma Wheel Konark Sun Temple - Dharma Wheel (wide) Konark Sun Temple - Aerial view Nautch Girl Performing (1860's) by Bourne & Shepard Edwin Lord Weeks - Nautch girls emerging from the Taj Mahal Edwin Lord Weeks - Dancing Girl India (1896) Edwin Lord Weeks - Two Nautch Girls (1885) Nautch Girl - Raja Deen Dayal c.1882 Marth Graham Nautch Dance c.1925 Konark Sun Temple Maithuna - 1860's Nautch Girl in Durbar (at court), in front of Royal and Aristocrat Men - c.1880's Bazar Woman; or "professional courtezan" *** Eros in the Hindu faith is different than most religions. Apparently eros is one of the four foundations of a virtuous Hindu life: Kama. According to Wikipedia: " ... Kama (Sanskrit, Pali; Devanagari) means desire, wish, longing in Indian literature. Kaman often connotes sexual desire and longing in contemporary literature, but the concept more broadly refers to any desire, wish, passion, longing, pleasure of the senses, the aesthetic enjoyment of life, affection, or love, with or without sexual connotations. Kama is one of the four goals of human life in Hindu traditions. It is considered an essential and healthy goal of human life when pursued without sacrificing the other three goals: Dharma (virtuous, proper, moral life), Artha (material prosperity, income security, means of life) and Moksha (liberation, release, self-actualization).Together, these four aims of life are called Purusartha. ... Pleasure in general, sexual pleasure in particular, is neither shameful nor dirty, in Hindu philosophy. It is necessary for human life, essential for well being of every individual, and wholesome when pursued with due consideration of dharma and artha [and Moksha]. Unlike the precepts of some religions, kama is celebrated in Hinduism, as a value in its own right. Together with artha and dharma [and Moksha] , it is an aspect of a holistic life. All [four] purusharthas - Dharma, Artha and Kama [and Moksha] - are equally and simultaneously important. ... " Kama, Wikipedia. *** (June 8, 2016) Modern-day Brazil has a similar erotic dance also called Samba. It is the centerpiece of the annual Carnaval celebrations at the Sambadrome, Rio de Janeiro in February - the southern hemisphere mid-summer. Examples: - Valéria Valenssa - Globeleza 1991-2004 (2002) - Valéria Valenssa 2 - Globeleza (1997) - Valéria Valenssa 3 - Globeleza (1997) - Valéria Valenssa 4 - Globeleza & Rainha da bateria da escola de samba Caprichosos de Pilares(1998) - Valéria Valenssa 5 - Globeleza & Rainha da bateria da escola de samba Caprichosos de Pilares (1998) - Valéria Valenssa 6 - Globeleza & Rainha da bateria da escola de samba Caprichosos de Pilares (1998) - Valéria Valenssa 7 - Globeleza (2000) - Valéria Valenssa 8 - Globeleza (2000) - Valéria Valenssa 9 - Globeleza (2000) - Valéria Valenssa 10 - Globeleza (2000) - Valéria Valenssa 11 - Globeleza (2001) - Valéria Valenssa 12 - Globeleza (2001) - Valéria Valenssa 13 - Globeleza (2001) - Valéria Valenssa 14 - Globeleza (2001) - Elaine, Valeria & Claudia Valenssa - 15 (2001) - Claudia, Elaine & Valeria Valenssa - 16 (2001) - Valéria Valenssa 17 - Globeleza (2001) - Valéria Valenssa 18 - Globeleza (2002) - Valeria Valenssa 19 - Madrinha da bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2005) - Valeria Valenssa 20 - Madrinha da bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2005) - Valeria Valenssa 21 - Madrinha da bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2005) - Valeria Valenssa 22 - Madrinha da bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 23, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 24, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 25, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 26, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 27, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 28, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 29, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 30, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 31, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 32, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 33, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 34, Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) - Valéria Valenssa 35 - Musa, Mocidade (2006) - Valéria Valenssa 36 - Musa, Mocidade (2006) - Valéria Valenssa 37 - Musa, Mocidade (2006) - Valéria Valenssa 38 - Musa, Mocidade (2006) - Valéria Valenssa 39 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Valéria Valenssa 40 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Valéria Valenssa 41 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Fabiana Andrade - Musa, Império Serrano (2000) - Fabiana Andrade 2 - Rainha da escola de samba Império Serrano (2006) - Fabiana Andrade 3 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2006) - Fabiana Andrade 4 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2006) - Fabiana Andrade 5 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2006) - Fabiana Andrade 6 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2006) - Fabiana Andrade 7 - Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Fabiana Andrade 8 - Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2011) - Juju Salimeni 2 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2011) - Juju Salimeni 3 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2012) - Juju Salimeni 4 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2012) - Juju Salimeni 5 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2013) - Juju Salimeni 6 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 7 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 8 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 9 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 10 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 11 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 12 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 13 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 14 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Juju Salimeni 15 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Juju Salimeni 16 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Juju Salimeni 17 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Juju Salimeni 18 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Juju Salimeni 19 - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Juju Salimeni 20 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 21 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 22 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 23 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 24 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 25 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 26 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 27 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 28 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 29 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 30 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Juju Salimeni 31 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Juju Salimeni 32 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Juju Salimeni 33 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Juju Salimeni 34 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Juju Salimeni 35- Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Juju Salimeni 36- Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Juju Salimeni 37- Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Juju Salimeni 38 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Juju Salimeni 39 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Juju Salimeni 40 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Juju Salimeni 41 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Juju Salimeni 42 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Juju Salimeni 43 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Juju Salimeni 44 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Juju Salimeni 45- Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2011) - Elaine de Abreu 2 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2011) - Elaine de Abreu 3 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2011) - Elaine de Abreu 4 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2011) - Elaine de Abreu 5 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2011) - Elaine de Abreu 6 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 7 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 8 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 9 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 10 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 11 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 12 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 13 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 14 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 15 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Elaine de Abreu 16 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2013) - Elaine de Abreu 17- Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2015) - Elaine de Abreu 18 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2015) - Elaine de Abreu 19 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 20 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 21 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 22 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 23 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 24 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 25 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 26 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 27 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 28 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 29 - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Elaine de Abreu 30 - Rainha de Bateria, Terceiro Milenio (2017) - Elaine de Abreu 31 - Rainha de Bateria, Terceiro Milenio (2017) - Elaine de Abreu 32 - Rainha de Bateria, Terceiro Milenio (2017) - Sabrina Sato - Rainha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Sabrina Sato 2 - Rainha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Sabrina Sato 3- Rainha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Sabrina Sato 4 - Rainha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Sabrina Sato 5 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 6 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 7 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 8 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 9 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 10 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 11 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 12 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 13 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 14 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 15 - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Sabrina Sato 16 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 17 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 18 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 19 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 20- Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 21 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 22 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 23 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 24 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 25 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 26 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 27 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 28 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Sabrina Sato 29 - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Fabi Frota - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 2 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 3 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 4 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 5 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 6 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 7 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 8 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 9 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 10 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 11 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 12 - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Fabi Frota 13 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 14 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 15 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 16 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 17 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 18 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 19 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 20 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 21 - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Fabi Frota 22 - Rainha de bateria, Imperador do Ipiranga (2014) - Fabi Frota 23 - Rainha de bateria, Imperador do Ipiranga (2014) - Fabi Frota 24 - Rainha de bateria, Imperador do Ipiranga (2014) - Fabi Frota 25 - Rainha de bateria, Imperador do Ipiranga (2014) - Fabi Frota 26 - Musa, Peruche (2017) - Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha da bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2006) - Gracyanne Barbosa 2- Rainha da bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2006) - Gracyanne Barbosa 3 - Madrinha de bateria, Imperio de Casa Verde (2008) - Gracyanne Barbosa 4 - Rainha de bateria, Mangueira (2009) - Gracyanne Barbosa 5 - Rainha de bateria, Mangueira (2009) - Gracyanne Barbosa 6 - Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2009) - Gracyanne Barbosa 7 - Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2009) - Gracyanne Barbosa 8- Rainha de Bateria, Vila Isabel (2010) - Gracyanne Barbosa 9 - Rainha de Bateria, Vila Isabel (2010) - Gracyanne Barbosa 10 - Rainha de Bateria, Vila Isabel (2010) - Gracyanne Barbosa 11 - Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2010) - Gracyanne Barbosa 12 - Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2010) - Gracyanne Barbosa 13 - Rainha de bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2011) - Gracyanne Barbosa 14 - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Jacarezinho (2013) - Gracyanne Barbosa 15 - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Jacarezinho (2013) - Gracyanne Barbosa 16 - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Jacarezinho (2013) - Gracyanne Barbosa 17 - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Jacarezinho (2013) - Gracyanne Barbosa 18 - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Jacarezinho (2013) - Gracyanne Barbosa 19 - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Jacarezinho (2013) - Gracyanne Barbosa 20- Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Jacarezinho (2013) - Gracyanne Barbosa 21 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2015) - Gracyanne Barbosa 22 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2015) - Gracyanne Barbosa 23 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2015) - Gracyanne Barbosa 24 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2015) - Gracyanne Barbosa 25 - Rainha de Bateria da Portela (2016) - Gracyanne Barbosa 26 - Rainha de Bateria da Portela (20165 - Gracyanne Barbosa 26 - Rainha de Bateria da Portela (20167 - Gracyanne Barbosa 27 - Rainha de Bateria da Portela (2016) - Gracyanne Barbosa 29 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Gracyanne Barbosa 30 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Gracyanne Barbosa 31 -Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Gracyanne Barbosa 32 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Gracyanne Barbosa 33 - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Dani Sperle - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Dani Sperle 2 - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Dani Sperle 3 - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Dani Sperle 4 - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Dani Sperle 5 - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Dani Sperle 6 - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Dani Sperle 7 - Musa, Imperador do Ipiranga (2010) - Dani Sperle 8 - Musa, Imperador do Ipiranga (2010) - Dani Sperle 9 - Musa, Tom Maior (2010) - Dani Sperle 10 - Musa, Tom Maior (2010) - Dani Sperle 11 - Musa, Tom Maior (2010) - Dani Sperle 12 - Musa, Tom Maior (2010) - Dani Sperle 13 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 14 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 15 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 16 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 17 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 18 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 19 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 20- Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 21 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 22 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 23 - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Dani Sperle 24 - Musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Dani Sperle 25- Musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Dani Sperle 26 - Musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Dani Sperle 27 - Musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Dani Sperle 28- Musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Dani Sperle 29 - Musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Andressa Urach - Vice Miss Bumbum Brasil (2012) - Andressa Urach 2 - Musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Andressa Urach 3 - Musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Andressa Urach 4 - Musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Andressa Urach 5 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera 2014 (Sao Paulo) - Andressa Urach 6 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 7 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 8 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 9 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 10 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 11 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 12 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 13 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 14 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 15- Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 16 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 17 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Andressa Urach 18 - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Patrícia Chélida, Princesa do Carnaval & Kissia Leal Gallo, Rainha do Carnaval (2001) - Patrícia Chélida 2 - Rainha do Carnaval (2002) - Patricia Chélida 3 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 4 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 5 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 6 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 7 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 8 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 9 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 10 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 11 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 12 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2007) - Patricia Chélida 13- Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2008) - Patricia Chélida 14 - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2008) - Patricia Chélida 15 - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2010) - Patricia Chélida 16 -Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2010) - Patricia Chélida 17 - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2010) - Patricia Chélida 18 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano - Patricia Chélida 19 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano - Patricia Chélida 20 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2013) - Patricia Chélida 21 - Rainha de Bateria do Império Serrano (2013) - Patricia Chélida 22- Madrinha de bateria do Império Serrano (2017) - Patricia Chélida 23- Madrinha de bateria do Império Serrano (2017) - MC Maysa - Rainha da ala dos passistas, Porto da Pedra (2010) - MC Maysa 2 - Rainha da ala dos passistas, Porto da Pedra (2010) - MC Maysa 3 - Rainha da ala dos passistas, Porto da Pedra (2010) - MC Maysa 4 - Rainha da ala dos passistas, Porto da Pedra (2010) - MC Maysa 5 - Rainha da ala dos passistas, Porto da Pedra (2010) - Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Valesca Popozuda 2 - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Valecka Popozuda 3 - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Valesca Popozuda 4 - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Valesca Popozuda 5- Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Valesca Popozuda 6- Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Valesca Popozuda 7- Ensaio tecnico (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 8 - Musa, Mangueira (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 9 - Musa, Mangueira (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 10 - Musa, Mangueira (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 11 - Musa, Mangueira (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 12 - Musa, Mangueira (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 13 - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 14- Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 15- Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 16- Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2010) - Valesca Popozuda 17 - Ensaio tecnico (2011) - Valesca Popozuda 18 - Madrinha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011) - Valesca Popozuda 19- Madrinha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011) - Valesca Popozuda 20 - Madrinha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011) - Valesca Popozuda 21 - Madrinha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011) - Valesca Popozuda 22 - Musa, Salgueiro (2011) - Valesca Popozuda 23- Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Valesca Popozuda 24- Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Valesca Popozuda 25 - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Valesca Popozuda 26 - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Valesca Popozuda 27 - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Valesca Popozuda 28 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 29- Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 30 Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 31 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 32 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 33 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 34 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 35 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 36- Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 37 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 38 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 39 - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Valesca Popozuda 40- Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Ana Paula Minerato, Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Ana Paula Minerato - 2, Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Ana Paula Minerato - 3, Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Ana Paula Minerato - 4, Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Ana Paula Minerato - 5, Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Ana Paula Minerato - 6, Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Ana Paula Minerato - 7, Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Rachel Blanc - Musa, Imperio Serrano - Rachel Blanc 2 - Musa, Imperio Serrano - Rachel Blanc 3 - Musa, Imperio Serrano - Rachel Blanc 4- Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 5 - Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 6 - Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 7- Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 8- Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 9 - Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 10 - Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 11 - Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Rachel Blanc 12 - Musa, Estacia de Sa (2006) - Rachel Blanc 13- Musa, Portela (2006) - Rachel Blanc 14- Musa, Portela (2006) - Rachel Blanc 15- Musa, Salgueiro (2008) - Rachel Blanc 16- Musa, Salgueiro (2008) - Rachel Blanc 17 - Musa, Salgueiro (2008) - Rachel Blanc 18- Musa, Salgueiro (2008) - Rachel Blanc 19- Musa, Salgueiro (2008) - Rachel Blanc 20 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2009) - Rachel Blanc 21 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2009) - Rachel Blanc 22- Musa, Vila Isabel (2009) - Rachel Blanc 23 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2009) - Rachel Blanc 24 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2009) - Rachel Blanc 25 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2009) - Rachel Blanc 26 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2009) - Rachel Blanc 27- Rainha da bateria (Mocidade) - Rachel Blanc 28- Rainha da bateria (Mocidade) - Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Janaina Guerra 2 - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Janaina Guerra 3 - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real 2014 (São Paulo) - Gil Jung 2 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 3 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 4 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 5 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 6 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 7 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 8 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 9 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 10 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 11 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 12 - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Gil Jung 13 - Rainha de Bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Gil Jung 14 - Rainha de Bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Gil Jung 15- Rainha de Bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) Gil Jung 16 - Rainha de Bateria, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2016) - Quitéria Chagas - Musa, Império Serrano (2003) - Quitéria Chagas 2 - Musa, Império Serrano (2005) - Quitéria Chagas 3 - Musa, Império Serrano (2005) - Quitéria Chagas 4 - Musa, Império Serrano (2005) - Quitéria Chagas 5 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Quitéria Chagas 6 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Quitéria Chagas 7 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Quitéria Chagas 8 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Quitéria Chagas 9 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Quitéria Chagas 10 - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Quitéria Chagas 11 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2012) - Graciella Carvalho, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2012) & Vice Miss Bumbum Brasil (2011) - Graciella Carvalho - 2, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi(2012) - Graciella Carvalho - 3, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi(2012) - Graciella Carvalho - 4, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi(2012) - Graciella Carvalho - 5, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi(2012) - Graciella Carvalho - 6, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi(2012) - Graciella Carvalho - 7, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi(2012) - Graciella Carvalho - 8, Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi(2012) - Viviane Araújo - Musa, Mangueira (1999) - Viviane Araújo 2 - Musa, União da Ilha (1999) - Viviane Araújo 3 - Musa,Caprichosos de Pilares (2000) - Viviane Araújo 4 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2000) - Viviane Araújo 5 - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2001) - Viviane Araújo 6 - Musa do carnaval, Paulista (2007) - Viviane Araújo 7, - Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2011) *** "Bum Bum" - Brazil, has a Miss Bum Bum Brazil competition - as well as several local Miss Bum Bum competitions. Several other countries also have Miss Bum Bum competitions including: Argentina, Mexico, Paraguay and Portugal. Brazil is more like black America than white America in this respect. ... Another country moving into the "bum bum" camp: Japan. (July 14, 2017) Bum bum: A female sex chakra is lodged in the bum bum -Muladhara. According to Wikipedia: " ... Muladhara is located near the coccygeal plexus beneath the sacrumit, while its kshetram, or superficial activation point, is located between the perineum and the coccyx or the pelvic bone. Because of its location and connection with the act of excretion, it is associated with the anus. Muladhara is said to be the base from which the three main psychic channels or nadis emerge: the Ida, Pingala and Sushumna. It is also believed that Muladhara is a subtle abode of the Hindu God Ganapati. In the highest revered prayer for Ganapati, the Ganapati Atharvashirsha, it is mentioned that "one who worships Lord Ganapati would easily grasp the concept and realise Brahman". Appearance The deity Indra is associated with Muladhara. In these depictions, he is yellow, four-armed, and holds a vajra and a blue lotus in his hands. He is mounted upon the white elephant Airavata, who has seven trunks denoting the seven elements necessary for supporting life. Occasionally, Ganesha is also associated with Muladhara. In these depictions, he has orange skin, wears a yellow dhoti, and a green silk scarf draped around his shoulders. In three hands he holds a laddu, a lotus flower, and a hatchet, and the fourth is raised in the mudra of dispelling fear. Seed mantra Seat of kundalini Function It is associated with the element of earth, the sense of smell and the action of excretion. "By meditating thus on Her who shines within the Muladhara Chakra, with the luster of ten million Suns, a man becomes Lord of speech and King among men, and an Adept in all kinds of learning. He becomes ever free from all diseases, and his inmost Spirit becomes full of great gladness. Pure of disposition by his deep and musical words, he serves the foremost of the Devas." ... " Wikipedia *** - Viviane Araújo - 8, Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2011) - Viviane Araújo - 9, Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2011) - Viviane Araújo - 10, Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 11 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 12- Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 13 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 14 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 15 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 16 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 17 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 18 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 19 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 20 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 21 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 22 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 23 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 24 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2012) - Viviane Araújo 25 - Rainha de bateria, Mancha Verde (2015) - Erica Carvalho - Musa, Vai Vai (2013) - Erica Carvalho 2 - Musa, Vai Vai (2013) - Carol Nakamura - Musa, Grande Rio (2012) - Carol Nakamura 2 - Musa, Grande Rio (2012) - Carol Nakamura 3 - Musa, Grande Rio (2012) - Carol Nakamura 4 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 5 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 6 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 7 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 8 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 9 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 10 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 11 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 12 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 13 - Musa, Grande Rio (2013) - Carol Nakamura 14 - Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 15 - Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 16 - Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 17 - Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 18- Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 19- Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 20 - Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 21 - Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 22 - Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Carol Nakamura 23- Musa, Unidos da Viradouro (2015) - Miku Oguchi - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 2 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 3 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 4 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 5 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 6 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 7 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 8 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 9 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 10 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 11 - Musa, G.R.E.S.Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Miku Oguchi 12 - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Miku Oguchi 13 - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Miku Oguchi 14 - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Miku Oguchi 15 - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Miku Oguchi 16 - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Miku Oguchi 17 - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (20158 - Miku Oguchi 18 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Miku Oguchi 19 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Miku Oguchi 20 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Miku Oguchi 21 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Miku Oguchi 22 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Miku Oguchi 23 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Natália Inoue - Finalista do Garoto e Garota Fitness Brasil (2011) - Natalia Inoue 2 - Musa, Mangueira (2013) - Natalia Inoue 3 - Musa, Mangueira (2013) - Natalia Inoue 4 - Musa, Mangueira (2013) - Natalia Inoue 5 - Musa, Mangueira (2013) - Natalia Inoue 6 - Musa, Portela (2014) - Natalia Inoue 7 - Musa, Portela (2014) - Natalia Inoue 8 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue 9 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue 10 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue 11 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue 12 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue 13 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue 14 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue 15 - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Natalia Inoue & Gracyanne Barbosa 16 - Tuane Rocha - Musa, Unidos de Vila Isabel (2011) - Tuane Rocha 2 - Musa, Unidos de Vila Isabel (2011) - Tuane Rocha 3 - Musa, São Clemente (2014) - Tuane Rocha 4 - Musa, São Clemente (2014) - Tuane Rocha 5 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 6 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 7 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 8 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 9 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 10 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 11 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 12 - Musa, Alegria da Zona Sul (2015) - Tuane Rocha 13 - Musa, Rochina (2017) - Tuane Rocha 14 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 15 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 16 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 17 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 18 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 19 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 20 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 21 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Tuane Rocha 22 - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Andrea de Andrade, Musa, Vila Isabel (2013) -Andreia Martins , Musa das Pinturas (2014) - Jerri Castillo, Miss Tanga Paraguay (2015) (Sambadrome in Encarnacion, Paraguay) - Cintia Mello - Musa, Imperio de Casa Verde (2014) - Cintia Mello 2 - Musa, Tucuruvi (2017) - Cintia Mello 3 - Musa, Tucuruvi (2017) - Rosane Quissak - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 2 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 3 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 4 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 5 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 6 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 7 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 8 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 9 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 10 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Rosane Quissak 11 - Musa, Mocidade (2013) - Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 2 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 3 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 4 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 5 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 6 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 7 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 8 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 9 - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Viviane Castro 10 - Musa, X-9 Paulistana (2009) - Renata Frisson - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2009) - Renata Frisson 2 - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2009) - Renata Frisson 3 - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2009) - Renata Frisson 4 - Rainha de bateria, Lins Imperial (2011) - Renata Frisson 5- Rainha de bateria, Lins Imperial (2011) - Renata Frisson 6 - Musa, Vila Isabel (2013) - Renata Frisson 7 - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Renata Frisson 8 - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Renata Frisson 9 - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Renata Frisson 11 - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Renata Frisson 12 - Musa, Grand Rio (2017) - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2014 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2014/2 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2012/3 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2014/4 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2014/5 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2014/6 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2012/7 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2014/8 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2014/9 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2016/10 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2016/11 - Dançarinas , Carnaval de Salvador, Bahia - 2016/12 - Musa - Renascer de Jacarepagua (2006) - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2013) - Passistas - Grand Rio (2014) - Finalistas do concurso da Rainha do Carnaval - Candidatas a Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Clara Paixão - Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Clara Paixão 2 - Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Clara Paixão 3 - Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Clara Paixão 4 - Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Clara Paixão 5 - Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Clara Paixão 6 - Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Clara Paixão 7 - Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Unknown 1 Vila Isabel (2014) - Unknown 6 Michelle Jabulani - Musa, Inocentes de Belford Roxo, ensaio técnico (2013) - Unknown 19 Eartha Kitt? - Unknown 44 (Water deity or Yemonja or Oxum) - Unknown 47 Fabiana Teixeira - Madrinha de bateria, Tom Maior (2015) - Unknown 56 Shayene Cesario - Musa, Portela (2017) - Unknown 57 Andrea Martins - Unknown 63 Marcia Imperator, Musa da Tucuruvi (2015) - Unknown 66 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 67 Elaine Ribeiro - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2007) - Unknown 71 Eliane Ruas, Rosas de Ouro (2010) - Unknown 81 (Probably a representation of the Yoruba river goddess Oxum and her Abèbè) *** " ... Oshun (known as Ochún or Oxúm in Latin America) ... is an orisha, a spirit, a deity, or a goddess that reflects one of the manifestations of God in the Ifá and Yoruba religions. She is one of the most popular and venerated orishas. Oshun is the deity of the river and fresh water, luxury and pleasure, sexuality and fertility, and beauty and love. She is connected to destiny and divination. She is the patron saint of the Osun River in Nigeria, which bears her name. The river has its source in Ekiti State, in the east of Nigeria, and passes through the city of Oshogbo, where Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, the principal sanctuary of the deity, is located. Oshun is honored at the Osun-Osogbo Festival, a two-week-long annual festival that usually takes place in August, at the Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove on the banks of the river. Oshun is syncretized with Our Lady of Charity, patron saint of Cuba, and Our Lady of Aparecida, the patron saint of Brazil. In Trinidad she is associated with St. Philomena and the Hindu deity Ganga Mai or Mother Ganges. ... According to the Ifa Literary Corpus in Ose Otura, Oshun was the only female irunmole (primordial) sent to set up the world by Olodumare. The other males that were sent began the work and ignored Oshun. Oshun gathered the women and protested the blatant disrespect by forming Iyami Aje, a band of women endowed with special power. The men failed miserably and when they inquired to Olodumare as to why they weren't succeeding, Olodumare informed them that nothing can be done without Oshun. Anything they attempt to do without women will fail. The male irunmole hurried to beg Oshun to join them. Oshun is said to have gone to a drum festival one day and to have fallen in love with Shango. Since that day, Shango has been married to Oba, Oya, and Oshun, though Oshun is said to be his principal wife. Other stanzas in the Ifa Literary Corpus say that she was also married to Orunmila, the Orisha of Wisdom and Divination. Oshun is the orisha of the river. Her devotees leave her offerings and perform ceremonies at bodies of fresh water such as rivers, streams and canals. Oshun is associated with the colours gold/deep yellow in the diaspora and in Nigeria, white, yellow and green. In Trinidad she is associated with the colour pink. ... The abèbè is the ritual object most associated with Oshun. The abèbè is a fan in circular form. In Afro-Brazilian religion is made of brass or gold, sometimes with a mirror in the center. They abèbè (or abebé in Portuguese) is used in the rituals of Candomblé, Xangô do Nordeste, Xambá, Batuque, and Omolokô. ... Brazil : Oxum (Oshun in Portuguese) is a female orixá adopted and worshiped in all Afro-Brazilian religions. Oxum is the orixá of the fresh water of rivers and waterfalls; of the wealth and prosperity; of love; and of beauty. Followers seek help for romantic problems from Oxum; the orixá is also responsible for marriage and other relationships. As the orixá of financial life, she is also called the "Lady of Gold". This referred to copper at one time for being the most valuable metal of the time. Oxum is worshiped at rivers and waterfalls, and more rarely near mineral water sources. Oxum is a symbol of sensitivity and is identified by weeping. ... In Candomblé Bantu Oxum is called Nkisi Ndandalunda, the Lady of Fertility and Moon. Hongolo and Kisimbi have similarities with Oxum, and the three are often confused. In Candomblé Ketu Oxum is the deity of fresh water; the patron of gestation and fecundity; and receives the prayers of women who wish to have children and protect them during pregnancy. Oxum also protects small children until they begin to speak; she is affectionately called "Mamãe" ("Mama") by her devotees. Plants associated with Oxum in Brazil are aromatic, sweet, an often yellow, reflecting the qualities of the Orixá. They include mints (Lamiacaea). Oxum is associated with the folha-de-dez-réis (Hydrocotyle cybelleta), a plant of the pennywort family. Many species are brilliant yellow, reflecting Oxum's association with gold and wealth. She is also associated with folha-da-fortuna, or Kalanchoe pinnata ... " Oxum, Wikipedia *** (Feb. 26, 2018) "Chthonic" or of the earth. Oxum is an African version of the greek chthonic gods. The signature of most chthonic gods is aggresive sexuality; - this is the land of the dragon ... *** - Unknown 89 Ariany Nogueira - Musa, Rocinha (2016) - Unknown 90 Priscila Santtana - Unknown 91 Jessica Lopes - Unknown 95 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 102 Patricia Chelida? - Unknown 103 Priscila Santtana - Madrinha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 108 Tarine Lopes (X-9 Paulistana) - Unknown 109 Kelly Baron - Unknown 112 Eshu? (The Yoruba Dionysus or Hermes) - Unknown 119 Fabiana Teixeira - Madrinha de bateria, Tom Maior (2015) - Unknown 123 (Cláudia Colucci) - Unknown 125 (Valeria Valenssa) - Unknown 128 (Elaine de Abreu) - Unknown 131 (Valeria Valenssa) - Unknown 132 (Renata Santos) - Unknown 134 (Bianca Leao) - Unknown 135 (Bianca Leao) - Unknown 136 (Egili Oliveira) - Unknown 137 (Valeria Valenssa) - Unknown 138 Fabiana Andrade - Rainha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2002) - Unknown 139 Fabiana Andrade - Rainha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2002) - Unknown 140 Fabiana Andrade, Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Unknown 141 Fabiana Andrade, Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Unknown 142 Fabiana Andrade, Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Unknown 143 Kelly Baron, Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Unknown 144 Fabiana Andrade, Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Unknown 145 Fabiana Andrade, Musa, Grand Rio (2013) - Unknown 146 Camila Gomes, Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 147 Camila Gomes, Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 148 Camila Gomes & Renata Frisson, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 149 Camila Gomes & Renata Frisson, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 150 Monique Evans - União da Ilha do Gonernador (1994) - Unknown 154 Rosi Barretto - Unknown 155 Alessandra Mattos - Rainha de bateria, Inocentes de Belford Roxo - Unknown 157 Alessandra Mattos - Rainha de bateria, Inocentes de Belford Roxo - Unknown 161 Angela Bismarchi - Caprichosos de Pilares (2003) - Unknown 162 Priscila Santtana - Madrinha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 163 Priscila Santtana - Madrinha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 164 Priscila Santtana - Madrinha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 165 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2015) - Unknown 166 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2015) - Unknown 167 Thatiana Pagung - Musa, Águia de Ouro - Unknown 168 Thatiana Pagung - Musa, Rocinha (2004) - Unknown 169 Fabiana Teixeira - Madrinha de bateria, Tom Maior (2015) - Unknown 170 Fabiana Teixeira - Madrinha de bateria, Tom Maior (2015) - Unknown 171 Fabiana Teixeira - Madrinha de bateria, Tom Maior (2015) - Unknown 172 Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 173 Ariany Nogueira - Musa, Rocinha (2016) - Unknown 175 Valesca Popozuda - Unknown 176 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 178 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 180 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 181 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 182 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 183 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 184 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 185 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 186 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 187 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 188 Priscila Vidal - Musa da escola Tradição (2014) - Unknown 190 Ellen Santana - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2016) - Unknown 191 Ellen Santana - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2016) - Unknown 192 Ellen Santana - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2016) - Unknown 193 Angela Bismarchi - Unknown 194 Ellen Santana, ensaio tecnico, Caprichosos de Pilares (2016) - Unknown 195 Ellen Santana - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2016) - Unknown 196 Ellen Santana - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2016) - Unknown 197 Ellen Santana - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2016) - Unknown 198 Rafaela Oliveira (2009) - Unknown 199 Pri Santtana - Musa , Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 200 Pri Santtana - Madrinha da bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 201 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 202 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 203 Nanda Guimaraes - Musa, Imperio da Tijuca (2014) - Unknown 204 Ângela Bismarchi - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2001) - Unknown 205 Ângela Bismarchi - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2007) - Unknown 206 Gil Jung - Unknown 207 Ângela Bismarchi - Musa, Salgueiro (2009) - Unknown 208 Ângela Bismarchi, Musa, Porto da Pedra, (2008) - Unknown 209 Valeria Valenssa? - Caprichosos de Pilares (1994) - Unknown 210 Pri Santtana - Madrinha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 211 Pri Santtana, Musa , Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 212 Pri Santtana, Musa , Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 213 Pri Santtana, Wellness IFBB-SP (2016) - Unknown 214 Pri Santtana - Madrinha da bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 215 Pri Santtana - Madrinha da bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 216 Pri Santtana - Madrinha da bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 218 Pri Santtana, Wellness IFBB-SP (2016) - Unknown 219 Pri Santtana - Unknown 220 Pri Santtana - Madrinha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 221 Pri Santtana, Wellness IFBB-SP (2016) - Unknown 222 Pri Santtana - Madrinha da bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 223 Pri Santtana - Unknown 224 Pri Santtana, Musa , Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 225 Pri Santtana - Madrinha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 226 Jurema César - Garota Caldeirão do Caldeirão do Huck, União da Ilha (2012) - Unknown 227 Jurema César & Bruna Bruno (2012) - Unknown 228 Jurema César - Garota Caldeirão do Caldeirão do Huck, União da Ilha (2012) - Unknown 230 Ivi Pizzot - Globleza (2015) - Unknown 231 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2011) - Unknown 232 Valesca Popozuda - Unknown 233 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2011) - Unknown 236 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2015) - Unknown 237 Monique Evans & Adele Fátima, Mocidade (1984) - Unknown 238 Quitéria Chagas - Unknown 241 Valéria de Paula - Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 243 Renata Banhara ? - Unknown 244 Musa, Sao Clemente - Unknown 245 Sabrina Sato, Gavioes da Fiel - Unknown 246 Musa, Vila Isabel - Unknown 247 Quitéria Chagas (2009) - Unknown 248 Quitéria Chagas (2009) - Unknown 249 Camila Silva - Rainha da bateria, Mocidade (2013) - Unknown 250 Viviane Araújo (Pharaoh Hatshepsut), Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 251 Viviane Araújo (Pharaoh Hatshepsut), Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 252 Viviane Araújo (Pharaoh Hatshepsut), Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 253 Viviane Araújo (Pharaoh Hatshepsut), Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 254 Viviane Araújo, Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 255 Viviane Araújo, Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 256 Viviane Araújo, Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 257 Quitéria Chagas - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Unknown 258 Carla Prata - Unknown 259 Viviane Araújo, Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 260 Nani Moreira ? - Unknown 261 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 262 Viviane Araújo (Pharaoh Hatshepsut), Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 263 Elaine, Valeria & Claudia Valenssa (2001) - Unknown 265 Fabi Frota - Unknown 267 Carla Prata - Rainha da bateria, Grande Rio (2013) - Unknown 268 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de Bateria, Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 269 Ana Paula Ferrari - Musa , Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 271 Camila Silva - Rainha da bateria, Mocidade (2013) - Unknown 272 Camila Silva - Rainha da bateria, Mocidade (2013) - Unknown 274 Ana Paula Evangelista, Rainha do Carnaval & Valéria Valenssa - Musa, Mocidade (2006) - Unknown 275 Patrícia Chélida - Unknown 277 Ana Paula Evangelista (2007) - Unknown 278 Ana Paula Evangelista - Unknown 279 (Beija-flor) - Unknown 280 Ana Paula Evangelista, Rainha do Carnaval( 2006) - Unknown 281 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de Bateria, Portela (2016) - Unknown 282 Carol Nakamura - Musa, Grande Rio (2012) - Unknown 283 - Solange Gomes ? - Unknown 284 Alexandra Ricette - Musa, Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 285 Valéria Valenssa - Unknown 287 Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 288 Ana Paula Evangelista, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2007) - Unknown 289 Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 290 Natalia Inoue - Unknown 291 Egili Oliveira - Finalista, Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 292 Egili Oliveira - Finalista, Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 293 Egili Oliveira (2015) - Unknown 294 Deisiane Conceição de Jesus – Finalista Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 295 Deisiane Conceição de Jesus – Finalista Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 296 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 297 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 298, Janaína dos Santos de Azevedo, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 299 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 300 Deisiane Conceição de Jesus – Finalista Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 301 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2014) - Unknown 302 Egili Oliveira - Finalista, Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 303 Catiane Monsores, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 304 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 305 Letícia Martins Guimarães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 306 Evelyn Bastos da Silva, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 307 Letícia Martins Guimarães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 308 Letícia Martins Guimarães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 309 Andrea Martins ?, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 310 Larissa Lorrane Reis, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 311 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 312 Egili Oliveira - Finalista, Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 313 Priscyla Vidal dos Santos, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 314 Ariane Regina Rocha, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 315 Ana Paula Vieira Sant’Anna, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 316 Uillana Adães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 317 Cintia Barboza, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 318 Geórgia Cristina Pereira, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 319 Bianca Monteiro, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 320 Georgia Gomes, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 321 Uillana Adães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Unknown 322 Priscyla Vidal dos Santos ?, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 323 Georgia Gomes, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 324 Tuane Rocha, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 325 Catiane Monsores, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 326 Larissa Lorrane Reis, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 327 Viviane Ramos, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 328, Evelyn Pereira Meirelles, Concurso R ainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 329, Cintia Barboza, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 330, Graciele Souza Ferreira, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 331 Império Serrano - Unknown 332,Clara Cristina Paixão de Oliveira, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 333 ,Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 334 Uillana Adães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 335 Priscyla Vidal, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 336 Uillana Adães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 337 Uillana Adães, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 338 Larissa Lorrane Reis, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 339 Tuane Rocha ?, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 340 , Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 341 Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2015) - Unknown 342 Tuane Rocha, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 343 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 344 Amanda Mattos, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 345 Larissa Lorrane Reis, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 346 , Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 347 , Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 348 , Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Unknown 349 , Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) Unknown 350 , Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 351 , Clara Paixão (#7), Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 352 , Clara Paixão, Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2015) - Unknown 353, Cristiane de Souza Alves, Rainha do Carnaval (2012) - Unknown 354, Cristiane de Souza Alves, Rainha do Carnaval (2012) - Unknown 355 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de Bateria da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 356 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 357, Cristiane de Souza Alves, Rainha do Carnaval (2012) - Unknown 358 Valeria Valenssa (the "Samba salute" probably Fon from the look of Haitian fetishes. - Unknown 359 (Legba horns? or Hwedo horns - rainbow serpent horns) - Unknown 360 Ivi Pizzot - Globleza (2015) - Unknown 361 Ivi Pizzot - Globleza (2015) - Unknown 362 Mara Kelly - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2009) - Unknown 363 Ivi Pizzot - Globleza (2015) - Unknown 364 Fabiana Andrade- Mangueira? - Unknown 365 Simone Sampaio - Rainha da bateria, Dragões (2013) - Unknown 366 Camila Silva, Rainha de bateria da Vai-Vai (2014) - Unknown 367 representing Oxum? - Unknown 368 Claudia Leitte, Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2015) - Unknown 369 Tuane Rocha - Musa, São Clemente (2014) - Unknown 370 Camila Silva, Rainha de bateria da Vai-Vai (2014) - Unknown 372 - Simone Sampaio - Rainha da bateria da Dragões (2015) - Unknown 373 Fernanda Abraão - Rainha de bateria, Inocentes de Belford Roxo (2010) - Unknown 374 Fernanda Abraão - Rainha de bateria, Inocentes de Belford Roxo (2010) - Unknown 375 Fernanda Abraão - Rainha de bateria, Inocentes de Belford Roxo (2010) - Unknown 376 Thatiana Pagung. This could be and probably is the snake in the garden. However, in the source culture of Samba which is basically voodoo the snake has other meanings. For example in the Fon culture which has a strong Amazon component, there are 2 deities that humans have to work with in order to attain a higher state of being - the aggressively phallic Legba and the "rainbow" serpent Aido Hwedo: " ... Ayida-Weddo is a loa of fertility, rainbows, wind, water, fire, and snakes in Vodou, especially in Benin and Haiti. Ayida-Weddo is known as the "Rainbow Serpent". Variants of Ayida-Weddo's name include Aida-Weddo, Ayida-Wedo, Aido Quedo, and Aido Hwedo. Ayida-Weddo is a member of the Rada family and a root, or (Old French) racine loa. She is married to husband/companion Damballah-Wedo, the Sky God is also a loa of creation. She shares her husband with his concubine, Erzulie Freda. Ayida-Weddo's symbols are the rainbow and white paquet congo. Her ceremonial colors are white and blue. Appropriate offerings to her include white chickens, white eggs, rice, and milk. Her favorite plant is cotton. The Fon people of Benin believe the rainbow snake Ayida-Weddo, created to serve Nana Buluku, held up the heavens. The creature had a twin personality as the red part of the rainbow was male, while the blue part was female. She is portrayed as a narrow green snake. Like Dambala, she lives in the sky as well as in all the trees, springs, pools, and rivers. In some West African mythology, Mawu the creator sent down Adanhu and Yewa from the sky with the rainbow serpent Ayida-Weddo.
She is syncretised with the Catholic figure of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception. ... " Wikipedia - There are very few religions on earth that openly mention and honor menstruation. This is more evidence of a strong Amazon component to the Fon religion. Also see: www.thaliatook.com " ... "Aida-Wedo is the Lwa (spirit or Goddess) of water, snakes and the rainbow, represented by the rainbow python, a snake whose scales are iridescent. The rainbow serpent is the symbol of integration in many parts of the world, including Africa, Australia and America, and represents that which links heaven and earth, and encircles the world to unite her disparate elements. - Unknown 377 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 378 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 379 Simone Sampaio - Rainha da bateria, Dragões (2013) - Unknown 380 - Adriana Bombom - Rainha de bateria, Portela (2007) Dahomey Amazon! The X feature on the men confirms this ... - Unknown 381 Adriana Bombom - Rainha de bateria, Portela (2007) - Unknown 382 Adriana Bombom - Rainha de bateria, Portela (2007) - Unknown 383 Adriana Bombom - Rainha de bateria, Portela (2007) - Unknown 384 Adriana Bombom - Rainha de bateria, Portela (2007) - Unknown 385 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2013) - Unknown 386 - Claudia Leitte, Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2015) - Unknown 387 - Claudia Leitte, Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2015) - Unknown 388 - Claudia Leitte, Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2015) - Unknown 389 - Claudia Leitte, Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2015) - Unknown 390 Andrea Martins, Ensaios Técnicos , Unidos de Padre Miguel (2015) - Fotos Daniel Pinheiro - Unknown 391 - Valeria Valenssa, Grande Rio (2001) - Unknown 392 - Valeria Valenssa - Unknown 393 Andrea Martins, Ensaios Técnicos , Unidos de Padre Miguel (2015) - Unknown 394 - Valeria Valenssa, Leandro - Unknown 395 - Elaine de Abreu - Unknown 396 - Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Unknown 397 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 400 Marcia Imperator, Musa da Tucuruvi (2015) - Unknown 401 Andrea Martins, Ensaios Técnicos , Unidos de Padre Miguel (2015) - Unknown 402 Gisele Bundchen, Musa, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 403 Oxum? - Unknown 404 Fabiana Andrade - Rainha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2002) - Unknown 405 Carol Nakamura (2011) - Unknown 406 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 407 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 408 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 409 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 410 (2006) - Unknown 411 Verônica Araújo - Rainha de bateria, Agremiação - Unknown 412 Miss Bumbum Brazil Indianara Carvalho (2014) - Unknown 413 Fabiana Andrade - Unknown 414 Grande familia - Unknown 415 Grande familia - Unknown 416 Grande familia - Unknown 417 Valéria Valenssa, Grand Rio - Unknown 418 Valéria Valenssa, Grand Rio - Unknown 419 Valéria Valenssa - Unknown 420 Valéria Valenssa (2001) - Unknown 421 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 422 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 423 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Padre Miguel (2016) - Unknown 424 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Padre Miguel (2016) - Unknown 425 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Padre Miguel (2016) - Unknown 426 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 427 Ana Paula e Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 428 Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 429 Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 430 Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 431 Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 432 Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 433 Ana Paula Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 434 Ana Paula e Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 435 Ana Paula e Tati Minerato - Gaviões (2018) - Unknown 436 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 437 Elaine Babo Princesa e Ana Paula Evangelista, Rainha do Carnaval (2006) - Unknown 438 Elaine Babo 'World Beauty Fitness & Fashion (WBFF)' (2018) - Unknown 439 Elaine Babo 'World Beauty Fitness & Fashion (WBFF)' (2018) -Unknown 440 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 441 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 442 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 443 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 444 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 445 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 446 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 447 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 448 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 449 Verônica Araújo - Rainha de bateria, Agremiação - Unknown 450 Janaína Krauskopf, Musa, União Parque Curicica (2017) - Unknown 451 Janaína Krauskopf, Musa, União Parque Curicica (2017) - Unknown 452 Fabiana Andrade - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2006) - Unknown 453 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 454 Musa - Mangueira - Unknown 456 Adriana Alves, Madrinha da bateria, Pérola Negra (2008) - Unknown 457 Jéssica Maia, Campeonato Carioca Mister Rio (2016) - Unknown 458 Jéssica Maia, Campeonato Carioca Mister Rio (2016) - Unknown 459 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 460 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 461 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 462 Jéssica Maia, Rainha do Carnaval (2018) - Unknown 463 Miku Oguchi - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 464 Elaine Ribeiro - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2007) - Unknown 465 Elaine Ribeiro - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2006) - Unknown 466 Elaine Ribeiro - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2005 & 2006) - Unknown 467 Elaine Ribeiro - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2007) - Unknown 468 Elaine Ribeiro - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2007) & Ângela Bismarchi, Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2007) - Unknown 469 Elaine Ribeiro - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2007) & Ângela Bismarchi, Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2007) - Unknown 470 Elaine Ribeiro - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2007) - Unknown 471 Elaine Ribeiro - Musa, Rochina (2012) - Unknown 472 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 473 Viviane Araújo, Rainha de bateria, ensaio técnico, Salgueiro 2011? - Unknown 474 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval - Unknown 475 Yemonja? - Unknown 476 Gil Jung - ensaio tecnico, Rainha de bateria, Nene de Vila Matilde (2016) - Unknown 477 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Nene de Vila Matilde (2016) - Unknown 478 Gil Jung - ensaio tecnico, Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2014) - Unknown 479 Gil Jung - ensaio tecnico, Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2014) - Unknown 480 Gil Jung - ensaio tecnico, Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 481 Gil Jung - ensaio tecnico, Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 482 Gil Jung - ensaio tecnico, Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 483 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2014) - Unknown 484 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 485 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 486 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 487 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2014) - Unknown 488 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2014) - Unknown 489 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2014) - Unknown 490 Gil Jung - ensaio tecnico, Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 491 Miku Oguchi - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 492 Miku Oguchi - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 493 Miku Oguchi - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 494 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 495 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 496 Miku Oguchi - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 497 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 498 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 499 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 500 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 501 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 502 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 503 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 504 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 505 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 506 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Unknown 507 - Musa, G.R.E.S. Saúde, Yokohama, Japan (2014) - Namio Harukawa - 1950's Japanese Amazon fetish artist - Unknown 509 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 510 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 511 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 512 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 513 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 514 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 515 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 516 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 517 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 518 Ana Hickmann - Musa, Vai -Vai (2016) - Unknown 519 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha, ensaio tecnico, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 520 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 521 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 522 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 523 Juliana Paes - Musa, Viradouro (2005) - Unknown 524 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2014) - Unknown 525 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2014) - Unknown 526 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 527 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 528 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 529 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 530 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 531 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 532 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 533 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 534 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 535 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 536 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 537 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 538 Juliana Paes - Unknown 539 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 540 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 541 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 542 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Viradouro (2015) - Unknown 543 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 544 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 545 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 546 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 547 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 548 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 549 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 550 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 551 Juliana Paes - Rainha da Bateria, Grand Rio (2018) - Unknown 552 Juliana Paes & Sabrina Sato - Unknown 553 Thais Palmares - Rainha da Bateria, Águia de Ouro (2007) - Unknown 554 Juliana Paes - Musa, Viradouro (2005) - Unknown 555 Juliana Alves, Rainha da Unidos da Tijuca (2014) - Unknown 556 Juliana Alves, Rainha da Unidos da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 557 Juliana Alves, Rainha da Unidos da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 558 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 559 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 560 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 561 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 562 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2017) - Unknown 563 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2017) - Unknown 564 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 565 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 566 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 567 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 568 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 569 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 570 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 571 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 572 Andréa de Andrade - Musa, Vila Isabel (2017) - Unknown 573 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2017) - Unknown 574 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2017) - More Namio Harukawa - 1950's Japanese Amazon fetish artist - Unknown 575 Amanda Djehdian - Musa, Imperatriz Leopodinense (2017) - Unknown 576 Amanda Djehdian - Musa, Imperatriz Leopodinense (2017) - Unknown 577 Amanda Djehdian - Musa, Imperatriz Leopodinense (2017) - Unknown 578 Amanda Djehdian - Musa, Imperatriz Leopodinense (2017) - Unknown 579 Amanda Djehdian - Musa, Imperatriz Leopodinense (2017) - Unknown 580 Amanda Djehdian - Musa, Imperatriz Leopodinense (2017) - Unknown 581 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai - Unknown 582 Andréa de Andrade - Unknown 583 Juju Salimeni - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Unknown 584 Ivi Pizzott - Rainha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Representing the water goddess Oxum - Unknown 585 Ivi Pizzott - Rainha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 586 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2015) - Unknown 587 Valéria Valenssa - Globeleza & Rainha da bateria da escola de samba Caprichosos de Pilares (1998) - Unknown 588 Renata Frisson - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2009) - Unknown 591 Dani Sperle - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Unknown 592 Simone Sampaio - Rainha da bateria da Dragões (2016) - Unknown 593 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de Bateria da Portela (2016) - Unknown 594 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2010) - Futa Amazon Gadiator or soldier from futa - or Japanese Amazon fetish artist Dmitrys (Russian) - Unknown 596 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 597 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 598 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 599 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 600 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 601 Musa, Unidos da Tijuca - Unknown 603 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 604 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 605 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 606 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 607 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 608 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 609 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 610 Carla Prata - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2015) - Unknown 611 Musa, Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 612 Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 613 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 614 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 615 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 616 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 617 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 618 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 619 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 620 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 621 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 622 Solange Gomes - Madrinha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2012) - Unknown 623 Solange Gomes - Rainha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2010) - Unknown 624 Solange Gomes - Rainha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2010) - Unknown 625 Solange Gomes - Madrinha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2012) - Unknown 626 Solange Gomes - Madrinha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2012) - Unknown 627 Solange Gomes - Unknown 628 Solange Gomes - Unknown 629 Solange Gomes - Unknown 630 Solange Gomes - Rainha da escola Porto da Pedra - Unknown 631 Solange Gomes - Rainha da escola Porto da Pedra (2013) - Unknown 632 Solange Gomes - Rainha da escola Porto da Pedra (2013) - Unknown 633 Solange Gomesomes - Rainha da Porto da Pedra (2014) - Unknown 634 Solange Gomes - Rainha da Porto da Pedra (2014) - Unknown 635 Solange Gomes - ensaio técnico, Porto da Pedra (2011) - Unknown 636 Seahorses. Probably a Yemonja parade. - Female seahorses have a functioning penis - the Ovipositer through which they deposit their eggs into the male sea-horse pouch after an intense mating dance. The male seahorse then incubates and gives birth to the next generation of sea horses. Which probably means that seahorses are a high eros species. Many female insects also have an ovipositer. Female bee-stings, for example, are modified Ovipositers. Most insects are probably female dominant - for example all spiders or praying mantises. Male birth is not that rare in the world of fishes and birds. For example aquarium species like Banggai Cardinalfish, all Pipefish and all Dragon fish are male birth with larger sexually aggressive females and males that hatch the fertilized eggs. Other fish species practice sex-change. For example Orange clownfish males turn into females when the alpha female dies, and Barramundi also change sex as they age with all dominant and larger females. (November 19, 2018) Most female raptors such as eagles, hawks and owls are dominant in size over the males. Bald eagle mating consists of the larger female mounting the smaller male. Both male and female bald eagles then take turns incubating the eggs. The same procedure probably occurs with all raptors like Owls: the larger dominant female bird of prey mounts the smaller male. The larger bird of prey also probably does all the hunting while the smaller bird incubates the eggs. But how? Most birds do not have a penis - sexual contact is made via the cloaca: " ... Both male and female bald eagles have a cloaca – one opening (also called the vent) that serves as the bodily exit for their digestive, urinary and reproductive systems. During the breeding season, the cloaca swells and protrudes slightly outside the body, while during the rest of the year it is much less prominent. When birds are ready to breed, their reproductive organs – the testes and ovaries – swell and produce the sperm and ova. Male birds store sperm in their cloaca until an opportunity to mate arises, and females will receive that sperm into their cloaca before it travels to fertilize their ova. The cloaca is on the rear of the body under the tail, and covered by feathers on the extreme lower abdomen. ... " - Male Cloaca Wikipedia - Female Cloaca Wikipedia The internet seems confused by this , but photos and film in the wild clearly show the female bald eagle wings open, which is a 1/3 bigger than the male mounting the bald eagle male - head bowed down ... My intution is the male does most of the incubating while the dominant female hunts and mounts other submissive males forming a male harem: " ... Bald eagles and most raptors are monogamous, but researchers are finding documented cases of cooperative polyandry and polygyny with trios of adults identified in mating and nesting activities. ... " It's probably only polyandry (male harem) , not polygny amoung raptors. See a paper documenting polyandry amoung the bearded vulture in Spain: " ... In the Pyrenees, between 1979 and 1986, six trios of lammergeiers Gypaetus barbatus, all consisting of a female and two males, occupied breeding territories formerly inhabited by pairs. In 1988 the frequency of polyandrous females in the population was 11·5%. Both males copulated, shared nest building and incubation, and fed the young. Aggressive behaviour between males was not detected. Trios had similar reproductive success as pairs which formerly occupied the same territories and as neighbouring pairs. Polyandry may have important implications for the conservation of this endangered lammergeier population. ... " High frequency of polyandrous trios in an endangered population of lammergeiers Gypaetus barbatus in Northern Spain - Falcons about to mate - The weight ratio of falcon male/female is 5/8. With birds of prey the larger bird is dominant so the female mounts the male - although this photographer states the male mounts the female. - Falcons about to mate - male exposes his cloaca to the female - 2 - Falcons mating - the "cloacal kiss" - Falcons mating - the "cloacal kiss" - Falcons finished mating - the exposed male cloaca The same procedure probably occurs in Owls. For example: " ... Adult great horned owls range in length from 43 to 64 cm (17 to 25 in), with an average of 55 cm (22 in), and possess a wingspan of 91 to 153 cm (3 ft 0 in to 5 ft 0 in), with an average of 122 cm (48 in). Females are somewhat larger than males. Mean body weight is 1,608 g (3.545 lb) for females and 1,224 g (2.698 lb) for males. ... " Wikipedia That means a male/female body weight ratio of 1.2 male /1.6 female for horned owls. Come mating time, the larger female bird of prey is dominant and mounts the smaller male. Also American robins, house wrens and blue jays. In all Jacanas and Phalarope, Quails, Dunnocks, and the Spotted Sandpiper as well as the West Indian woodpecker and Acorn Woodpecker the males do all the incubating of eggs after the polyandrous alpha female lays them. In New Guinea, Cassowary female birds are larger and more brightly colored than males and have a pseudo penis. Male Cassowary's incubate the eggs after being aggressively courted by larger promiscuous females. There is speculation that Cassowary's are probably the closest living link to the dinosaurs . If so the dinosaurs were probably female dominated: " ... Both sexes sport a phallic-looking “pseudo-penis” appendage. However, it isn’t connected to any of their reproductive organs internally. During copulation, the male ejaculates through his cloaca—an orifice that lies at the base of the pseudo-penis and not the tip. Males also have what’s usually described as a “vagina-like cavity.” When they aren’t mating, the pseudo-penis is turned inside out and retracted into this orifice.
Such peculiar anatomy has given the cassowary a unique place in New Guinean culture and folklore. For example, the native Mianmin people tell stories about a human woman with a penis who somehow transformed into a cassowary. Another indigenous group, the Umeda, put on a regular ceremony called “ida.” A big event that lasts for two days and nights, the ritual involves a fertility dance which calls for two male dancers who represent a pair of cassowaries. Each player is given a heavy mask and is coated with charcoal from head to toe. ... "
By Mark Mancini - Cassowaries courting The larger dominant female does the chasing. - Cassowaries mating The smaller male submits to mounting by the dominant female - Cassowaries mating The female pseudo penis probably penetrates the male cloaca and is covered in male sperm. The female then produces an egg for the male which he incubates, hatches and raises - while the dominant female searches for other males to mount. The same or similar female mounting male procedure occurs in all eagles, hawks, owls, falcons and other raptors as well as many birds. That's probably how dinosaurs mated too. - Cassowaries mating, July 2016 youtube (Queensland, Australia) - Cassowaries mating - youtube (Queensland, Australia) - Cassowary egg (Papua New Guinea) - Cassowary head - 2 - Cassowary head - 3 - Cassowary eggs (male incubation) According to : " Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity" By Bruce Bagemihi " ... Perhaps the most extraordinary example of beliefs about ambiguous or contradictory genders in animals concerns the cassowary. A large, flightless, ostrich like bird of New Guinea and northern Australia, the cassowary is considered by many New Guinean peoples to be an androgynous or gender-mixing creature, and it often assumes a preeminent mythic status in these cultures. The cassowary possesses many of the physical attributes of strength, audacity, and ferocity that are traditionally considered masculine in those cultures. It has powerful legs, feet, and razor-sharp claws (capable of inflicting serious, even lethal injuries in people); a dinosaur-like bony helmet or "casque" (used for crashing through the jungle); dangerous sharp spines or quills in place of wing feathers; booming calls (described as "warlike trumpet barks"); bright blue and red neck skin with pendulous , fleshy wattles; and an imposing size (over five feet tall and 100 pounds in some species). Yet numerous New Guinean peoples also regard the cassowary to be an all-female species (or for each bird to be simultaneously male and female) and often associate them with culturally feminine elements. The Sambia, for instance, consider all cassowaries to be "masculinized females," that is, biologically female birds that nevertheless lack a vagina and possess masculine attributes (they're thought to reproduce or "give birth" through the anus). Similarly, the cassowary is perceived as an androgynous figure by the Mianmin people: the bird is thought to have a penis, yet all cassowaries are considered female. One Mianmin tale actually recounts how a woman with a penis was transformed into a cassowary, and this mythological trope is found in the sacred stories of several other New Guinean peoples. Other cultures elevate the cassowary to a prominent position in their traditional cosmologies and origin myths as a generative figure, a powerful female creator of food and human life. The cassowary is believed to combine elements of femininity and masculinity in many other tribes, a number of whom also practice ritualized homosexuality, such as the Kaluli and Keraki. Finally, in a striking parallel to the cross-gendered Bear figure of many Native American cultures, the androgynous cassowary is also considered an intermediary, of sorts, between the animal and human worlds. In addition to mythic transformations and marriages between people and cassowaries , in several tribes this creature is not classified as a bird at all, but is grouped in the same category as human beings because of its size and upright two-legged gait. Combining images of male-female and bird-mammal, the Waris and Arapesh peoples also believe that cassowaries suckle their young from their neck wattles or wing quills, which are found in both male and female birds. Ritual performance of the cassowary's gender-mixing also occurs. Among the Umeda people, for example, a central feature of the tribe's Ida fertility rite involves two cassowary dancers whose costumes, movements, and symbolism combine both male and female elements. The dancers impersonating the birds are both men and are called by a name that refers to male cassowaries. Yet they are identified with the ancestral mothers of the tribe (who act as female tutelary spirits to the dancers), and the entire ceremony is said to have belonged in mythic times only to women and was performed without men. Each cassowary dancer also has an exaggerated phallus consisting of a large black gourd worn over the head of his penis, but the enormous mask/headdress that he carries (representing the cassowary's plumage as well as a palm tree) is imbued with feminine symbolism (in the form of its inner layer of under-bark). The dancing of the cassowary impersonators emphasizes their male sexuality: they rhythmically hop and move their hips in such a way that their penis gourds flip upward and strike their belts in a motion that imitates copulation, and their phallic organs are said to become enormously elongated during the all-night ceremony. At the same time, the two men frequently hold hands and dance as a pair, activities that are otherwise only seen in female dancers among the Umeda. The figure of the gender-mixing cassowary reaches its greatest elaboration among the Bimini-Kuskusmin people. In the belief system of this remote tribe of the central New Guinea highlands, the cassowary presides over an entire pantheon of androgynous and sex-transforming animals, and it is physically embodied in the form of special human representatives that ritually enact its trans-gendered characteristics ... At the pinnacle of this transgendered bestiary stands the creator figures of Afek, the masculinized female cassowary, along with her brother/son/consort Yomnok, a feminized male fruit bat or echidna (the later being a spiny anteater, an egg-laying mammal related to the platypus). Both are descended from a powerful double-gendered monitor lizard and are believed to be hermaphrodites possessing breasts and a combined penis-clitoris. Afek gives birth through two vagina's (one in each buttock), while Yomnok gives birth through his/her penis/clitoris. The gender-mixing of these mythical figures parallels the way they straddle the categories of bird and mammal: the cassowary is a "mammal like" bird- huge, ferocious. flightless, with fur like feathers - while the echidna is a "birdlike mammal" - small, beaked and egg laying ( the fruit bat is also birdlike, being a flying mammal). The Bimin-Kuskusmin elect certain people in their tribe to become the sacred representatives and lifelong human embodiments of these primordial creatures: they undergo special initiations and thenceforth ritually reenact and display the intersexuality of their animal ancestors. Two post-menopausal female elders in the clan are chosen to represent Afek: they undergo male scarification rituals, experience symbolic veiling or dissolution of their marriages and children, adhere to both male and female food taboos, receive male names, and are awarded both male and female hunting and gardening tools. During ceremonial functions - in which they are sometimes referred to as "male mothers" - they ornament themselves with cassowary plumes, often cross-dress in male regalia, or wear exaggerated breasts combined with an erect penis-clitoris made of red pandanus fruit. Physically inter-sexual or hermaphrodite members of the tribe are selected as embodiments of Yomnok. They are adorned with echidna quills or dried fruit-bat penises, wear both male and female clothing and body decorations, sport and erect penis-clitoris (made from black, salt-filled bamboo tubes) during rituals, and are lifelong celibates. In each case these living human representatives of the primal animal androgynes become revered and powerful figures in the tribe. They apply their double-gendered power in curing, divination, purification and initiation rites and officiate at ceremonies that require the esoteric manipulation and mediation of both male and female essences. Above all, these transgendered and non-reproductive "animal-people" are symbols of fertility, fecundity and growth - corporeal manifestations of what on cassowary man-woman calls "the hidden secret of androgyny .... inside the living center of the life force." ... " Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity" By Bruce Bagemihi According to the government of Australia: " ... The southern cassowary is one of Australia’s most imposing birds — large, colourful, and flightless.
It is found only in the dense tropical rainforests
of north-east Queensland. Continuing clearing and fragmentation of rainforest, and increased mortality from cars and dogs have reduced cassowary numbers to perhaps as few as around 2000, threatening the species with extinction.
The southern cassowary Casuarius casuarius belongs to an ancient group of flightless birds that includes Australia’s emu, Africa’s ostrich and New Zealand’s kiwi and now-extinct moa. As tall as an adult human (up to 170 centimetres), the female southern cassowary is Australia’s heaviest bird. The cassowary has draping, shiny black plumage and a colourful naked neck and head — brilliant blue and purple with long, drooping red wattles and an amber eye — topped with a helmet-like structure known as a casque. The colour of the skin changes with mood, brightening when the bird is aroused.
The cassowary has no tail, and its wing stubs carry a small number of long, modified quills, like rounded fingernails, which curve around the body. Each heavy, well-muscled leg has three toes, with the inside toe bearing a large dagger-shaped claw that can be used in defence. When the bird is cornered or protecting chicks, it kicks out with both feet at once, and can injure, or even kill, dogs or humans. More usually, it dashes off when alarmed, head lowered, casque first, through the heavy undergrowth. It reaches 40 kilometres per hour in short sprints and can even swim.
While the southern cassowary Casuarius Casuarius
is found in New Guinea and surrounding islands,
one subspecies — Casuarius casuarius johnsonii
— lives in Australia, mostly in dense, tropical rainforests that provide a supply of fruit all year round. This southern cassowary subspecies is listed as endangered under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, the main Commonwealth legislation for protecting the environment and conserving biodiversity.
At the time of European settlement, the cassowary lived in tropical rainforests from Paluma Range (north of Townsville) to the tip of Cape York. Today, the species listed as nationally endangered, and it is estimated that there are less than 2200 individuals in populations near Mission Beach and Cooktown and on Cape York. More often heard than seen, the cassowary is most active at dawn and dusk, and rests in a sunny, sheltered spot in the middle of the day. Individuals have large home ranges, of up to seven square kilometres. The cassowary uses its feet and its hard, helmet-like casque to sift through leaf litter, mostly for a wide variety of fallen fruit, but also for dead animals, snails, fungi and other rich organic matter, and it occasionally plucks fruit from low branches. The bird swallows fruit whole and the seeds can end up in large piles of multi- coloured dung — a ready-made fertiliser. The cassowary is critical to the survival of many rainforest plants, spreading the seeds of about 150 species. Rats and small marsupials sometimes feast on seeds in the droppings.
... Cassowaries have distinctive mateship rituals. The female has an impressive display when proclaiming her territory. Her feathers bristle and, with her neck arched down, she puffs out her throat to make a thunderous booming sound, the effort shaking her whole body. Females are the bigger, more colourful sex, weighing up to 85 kilograms, compared to the male’s 40 kilograms. Between June and August, the male builds a flat dish
of leaves, grass and sticks on the forest floor or among grass at the forest edge, using the same nesting site over many years. Into this nest, the female lays from three to five large, glossy, pale pea-green eggs, each weighing about 600 grams. The male sits on them for about 50 days, rarely eating or drinking. Hours after hatching, the brown and buff striped chicks can walk and feed themselves, but the male protects them for nine months or more. The chicks that survive mature at two to three years and can live as long as 40 years.... "Australia Government Fact Sheet
(November 22, 2018) - Left unsaid is the female sexual domination - 85/40 female/male weight ratio - and probably polyandry of cassowaries. What almost certainly happens is several male nests in the female cassowaries territory. From this we can deduce the dinosaurs were also a female - on - male (femdom) polyandrous race. Also left unsaid, is most of the images of Cassowaries mating on the Internet are probably not actual mating. They are probably male on male play mating. There are no images with a 85/40 weight ratio, and the pairs mating are almost always lookalikes. In the wild, female Cassowary's are much brighter and much bigger than the males. The dream images from the Melanesians of a female with a penis (dragon) are probably our best link to ancient "Atlantis." In my dream wanderings these would be the "Ancient black Melanesians" or "Ancient black Orion's"who re-activated their ancient technological world in the late 1800's. Here is also probably the solution to "alien abductions". Many abductees report having their semen forcibly extracted from them in order to make "special babies" - what have come to be called "hybrids" in UFO mythology. ... This is also the world of Japanese "futanari". And also the ancient Pacific empire of ancient "Mu". What seems to have happened is a dinosaur or dragon civilization that previously lived on earth elevated a long forgotten negro civilization. And continues to do so. ... The unexpected twist is the carnal and communal and polyandrous nature of this previous race. - Australian Emus are polyandrous with males doing all the nesting and females mating with up to 3 males per season. Females are larger than males and probably do all the mounting during sex (This Wikipedia article says males mount the females though ) " ... Breeding takes place in May and June, and fighting among females for a mate is common. Females can mate several times and lay several clutches of eggs in one season. The male does the incubation; during this process he hardly eats or drinks and loses a significant amount of weight. The eggs hatch after around eight weeks, and the young are nurtured by their fathers. ... Emus form breeding pairs during the summer months of December and January, and may remain together for about five months. During this time, they stay in an area a few kilometres in diameter and it is believed they find and defend territory within this area. Both males and females put on weight during the breeding season, with the female becoming slightly heavier at between 45 and 58 kg (99 and 128 lb). Mating usually takes place between April and June; the exact timing is determined by the climate as the birds nest during the coolest part of the year. Males construct a rough nest in a semi-sheltered hollow on the ground, using bark, grass, sticks and leaves to line it. The nest is almost always a flat surface rather than a segment of a sphere, although in cold conditions the nest is taller, up to 7 cm (2.8 in) tall, and more spherical to provide some extra heat retention. When other material is lacking, the bird sometimes uses a spinifex tussock a metre or so across, despite the prickly nature of the foliage. The nest can be placed on open ground or near a shrub or rock. The nest is usually placed in an area where the emu has a clear view of its surroundings and can detect approaching predators. Female emus court the males; the female's plumage darkens slightly and the small patches of bare, featherless skin just below the eyes and near the beak turn turquoise-blue. The colour of the male's plumage remains unchanged, although the bare patches of skin also turn light blue. When courting, females stride around, pulling their neck back while puffing out their feathers and emitting low, monosyllabic calls that have been compared to drum beats. This calling can occur when males are out of sight or more than 50 metres (160 ft) away. Once the male's attention has been gained, the female circles her prospective mate at a distance of 10 to 40 metres (30 to 130 ft). ... Females are more aggressive than males during the courtship period, often fighting for access to mates, with fights among females accounting for more than half the aggressive interactions during this period. If females court a male that already has a partner, the incumbent female will try to repel the competitor, usually by chasing and kicking. These interactions can be prolonged, lasting up to five hours, especially when the male being fought over is single and neither female has the advantage of incumbency. In these cases, the females typically intensify their calls and displays. The sperm from a mating is stored by the female and can suffice to fertilise about six eggs. The pair mate every day or two, and every second or third day the female lays one of a clutch of five to fifteen very large, thick-shelled, green eggs. The shell is around 1 mm (0.04 in) thick, but rather thinner in northern regions according to indigenous Australians. ... Some females stay and defend the nest until the chicks start hatching, but most leave the nesting area completely to nest again; in a good season, a female emu may nest three times. Incubation takes 56 days, and the male stops incubating the eggs shortly before they hatch. ... Newly hatched chicks are active and can leave the nest within a few days of hatching. They stand about 12 cm (5 in) tall at first, weigh 0.5 kg (17.6 oz and have distinctive brown and cream stripes for camouflage, which fade after three months or so. The male guards the growing chicks for up to seven months, teaching them how to find food.Chicks grow very quickly and are fully grown in five to six months; they may remain with their family group for another six months or so before they split up to breed in their second season. During their early life, the young emus are defended by their father, who adopts a belligerent stance towards other emus, including the mother. He does this by ruffling his feathers, emitting sharp grunts, and kicking his legs to drive off other animals. He can also bend his knees to crouch over smaller chicks to protect them. At night, he envelops his young with his feathers. As the young emus cannot travel far, the parents must choose an area with plentiful food in which to breed. In captivity, emus can live for upwards of ten years. ... " Emu, Wikipedia - African male Ostriches have a penis that remains hidden in the cloaca when not mating. However, I personally suspect the Ostrich penis is attached to a female, not male Ostrich. The mating pattern is probably similar to Cassowaries and Emus. - Ostrich penis - Ostrich penis - 2 - Ostrich penis - 3 (November 26, 2018) Video of ostrich laying an egg. It's the larger black and white bird with a penis laying the egg. Female ostriches sexually mount male ostriches ... - Ostrich mating The dominant female mounts the submissive male. The female penis is inserted into the male cloaca to trigger male ejaculation and the release of sperm which is them carried into the female cloaca to fertilize her ovaries. - Ostrich mating - 2 - Ostrich mating - 3 - Ostrich mating - 4 - Ostrich mating - 5 According to wikipedia [female] Ostriches (larger black and white) keep a harem of [males] (smaller monochrome) to mate with: " ... Common ostriches become sexually mature when they are 2 to 4 years old; [males] mature about six months earlier than [females]. As with other birds, an individual may reproduce several times over its lifetime. The mating season begins in March or April and ends sometime before September. The mating process differs in different geographical regions. Territorial [females] typically boom in defense of their territory and harem of two to seven [males]; the successful [female] may then mate with several [males] in the area, but will only form a pair bond with a 'major' [male]. The [female] performs with [her] wings, alternating wing beats, until [she] attracts a mate. They will go to the mating area and [she] will maintain privacy by driving away all intruders. They graze until their behaviour is synchronized, then the feeding becomes secondary and the process takes on a ritualistic appearance. The [female] will then excitedly flap alternate wings again, and start poking on the ground with [her] bill. [She] will then violently flap [Her] wings to symbolically clear out a nest in the soil. Then, while the [Male] runs a circle around [Her] with lowered wings, [She] will wind [her] head in a spiral motion. [He] will drop to the ground and [She] will mount for copulation. ... " Wikipedia - Ostrich Mating dance - 2 - Female ostriches competing to mount a male - Female ostrich harem This is really polyandry with an alpha female mounting several males during the mating season. The pattern is the same as other ratites like the emu which copulates, lays her eggs and moves on to the next male, mounting as many as 3 males a season " ... A long-running question about how the largest species of birds achieve erect penises seems to have been settled. In a study published this week in the Journal of Zoology1, researchers report that [female] ostriches and emus enlarge their penises using a burst of lymphatic fluid rather than a blood vascular system like that found in reptiles and mammals. The finding, based on dissections, matches what is known about other species of birds — only 3% of which have penises — and could have important implications for the understanding of the shared, and divergent, evolutionary heritage of birds and reptiles. "Our findings reveal that the evolution of a lymphatic erection mechanism likely occurred in the ancestor of all birds rather than within birds," says Patricia Brennan, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and one of the authors of the study. Ostriches and emus are members of the ratites, a group of flightless birds that also includes rheas and kiwis. All [female] ratites sport penises — as do ducks and some other species — but most birds mate instead with a brief 'cloacal kiss', during which the male passes sperm to the female through the cloaca, the same port used for excreting waste. The existence of a lymphatic penis in some birds presents an evolutionary puzzle, says Richard Prum, an ornithologist at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, and co-author of the paper. “What is weird about birds is that they evolved not just a new structure, but a novel way to do something that was already being done,” he says. It is a poorly explored area of avian anatomy, but speculation about the ratite penis dates back to at least 1836, when a German study suggested that it relied on blood for erection2. Only a handful of scientists attempted to follow up on that finding, but a 1923 study claimed that the mechanism was lymphatic3. To settle the question, Prum and Brennan dissected the genitals of one adult ostrich (Struthio camelus) and three adult emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae). Both species turned out to have spongy, lymph-producing tissue, called paralymphatic bodies, just beneath the muscles that control the phallus. That is convincing evidence that the birds’ erections are controlled by the lymph system, the researchers say ... Brennan is now conducting a survey of penis morphology in all birds that have the organ, to learn what differences and changes over time might say about their function and evolution. She says that there seems to be a strong correlation between genital size and bird mating habits. Emus, for example, pair bond, and the [females] have small penises. Rheas, on the other hand, have much larger phalluses and are promiscuous. “I’m hoping that as I add more data, I’ll get at why that is,” she says. Montgomerie adds that the most provocative thing about the research is not what it says about bird penises, but rather what it implies about the lack of them for the vast majority of birds. “Darwin and others said that penises were primary sexual traits, meaning they’re essential for reproduction. But the birds say they’re not,” notes Montgomerie. Instead, he says, the penis may be a secondary sexual trait, helpful for stimulating the [male], signalling reproductive fitness and even an aspect of competition among [females] — but not indispensable. ... " Adam Marcus, Nature - South American Rheas are also polyandrous. According to Alfred Begazo in "The complicated mating systems of Rheas": " ... Mating systems and parental care patterns can be odd among birds. Male-female role reversal, happens in some familiar birds, but is rare. Less than 1% of all species exhibit some type of role reversal where males do what females typically do. Male Phalaropes, Jacanas, Tinamous, and Rheas build nests, incubate the eggs and take care of the chicks.
Perhaps the most complicated and bizarre mating system is that of the Rheas of South America. They live in flocks in the open country shrubland of Southern South America. During the breeding season, adult males split from the flocks they normally live in and begin to advertise their availability to females by calling and performing body contortions. Receptive females join a harem with the male of their choice. After the harem reaches a critical number, mating begins. The male will mate with each female while they remain in the harem. He will then select a nest site and build a simple nest, basically a depression on the ground lined with leaves and other material. Females then begin to lay eggs in the nest the male prepared. And here is where the critical number of females in a harem comes into play.
If too many females join a harem and lay eggs in a single nest, the male will not be able to incubate all the eggs properly. Some of the eggs will be lost to the elements. Also, eggs laying around the nest invite predators that once they consume the eggs outside the nest, they are likely to try for the eggs the male is incubating. Whether males or females decide what is the right harem size is unknown. After the females lay so many eggs, they move on and continue looking for other suitable males and harems to join in and repeat the process. Females end up mating with several males laying eggs in as many nests as partners they can have during a breeding season. The male usually continues the incubation and once the egg hatch he will take care of them until these become independent. But, not all males will stay sitting on their eggs. Rheas are rather promiscuous. All chicks never know their mothers, most are raised by their father, but some never know neither and are raised by an unrelated foster father. Whether the real father or not, male Rheas are extremely protective of the chicks under their responsibility facing off threats they would otherwise run away from; including humans. ... " Rheas mating Thats probably a coiled female phallus stimulating the male cloaca to produce sperm. Reah nesting Greater rhea male at nest with eggs incubating harem eggs from different females Greater Rheas in Argentina also follow a similar polyandrous mating system... " ... Males are simultaneously polygynous, females are serially polyandrous. In practice, this means that the females move around during breeding season, mating with a male and depositing their eggs with the male before leaving him and mating with another male. Males on the other hand are sedentary, attending the nests and taking care of incubation and the hatchlings all on their own. Recent evidence has shown that some males will utilize subordinate males to help incubate and protect the eggs. If this happens, the dominant male will find a second harem and start the process over again. ... " Wikipedia Another member of the ratite family (cassowaries, emus, rheas and ostriches) is the Tinamou. The breeding pattern is the same. Larger dominant females mate with many males during the breeding season, while the males do all the incubating and raising of young: " ... Tinamous form an order of birds (Tinamiformes), comprising a single family (Tinamidae) with two distinct subfamilies, containing 47 species found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. The word "tinamou" comes from the Galibi term for these birds, tinamu. Tinamous have traditionally been regarded as the sister group of the flightless ratites, but recent work places them well within the ratite radiation, implying basal ratites could fly. Although some species are quite common, tinamous are shy and secretive birds. They are active during the day, retiring to roosts at night. They generally have cryptic plumage, with males and females similar in appearance, though the females are usually larger. ... With occasional exceptions, a male tinamou maintains a territory and a nesting site during the breeding season which a succession of females will visit, laying their eggs in the same nest. Females will wander through several territories mating with, and laying eggs in the nests of, the resident males. ... In most tinamou species, the males practice simultaneous polygyny and the females sequential polyandry ... The courtship process starts with the male vocally advertising his abilities with continuous calling. He will try to attract multiple females. A tinamou female lays several eggs which the male incubates while the female departs to seek another mate. Large species will lay one egg every 3–4 days, while the smaller ones lay on consecutive days. The females lay eggs in multiple nests throughout the nesting season. There may be as many as 16 eggs in a clutch, a consequence of several females laying in the same nest. The more mature male will attract more females and may have the eggs of up to four females under him. ... " Wikipedia Some timanous also have a penis - but it is not easy to determine their sex by looking for a penis, because some female Timanous also have a pseudo penis: " ... Some species of tinamous are sexually dimorphic in their plumage. In most species, however, male and female plumages are virtually identical. Females tend to be larger than males, but there is extensive overlap which makes accurate sexing difficult. Male tinamous have a coiled white phallus which allows sexing by cloacal examination, although the penis is absent in the genera Nothura, Rhyncotus and Nothoprocta . Females of at least some species have a phalloid organ as well ... " TECHNIQUES FOR STUDYING THE BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY OF FOREST-DWELLING TINAMOUS (TINAMIDAE)
Patricia L. R. Brennan
Birds that have penises: ducks, geese, swans, tinamous, cassowaries and ostriches. Of these ducks are reputed to have the biggest penis of any species as a percentage of body size. But is that really a male penis? ... With birds, one cannot assume that it is .. Kiwis in New Zealand also have female dominant mating patterns "A lot of grunting and snorting goes on... but it's hard to say whether it's aggression, or mating, or some interesting combination of the two."
" ... Red-billed buffalo-weaver
Buffalo weavers are unique amongst birds in that both males and females possess a phalloid organ, a phallus-like structure anterior to the cloaca, the terminal region of the gut into which the intestinal, urinary and genital canals open. Observations and experiments with red-billed buffalo weavers in captivity revealed that the phalloid appendage functioned as a stimulatory organ which necessitated protracted copulation in order to induce male ‘orgasm’ and ejaculation, a feature also unique to this species.
The species is very much a polyandrous breeder with cooperating males fathering chicks in the same nest, feeding the young and defending the nest together. Brief copulations happen a lot both with females and with other males where no sperm transfer takes place. A minority of copulations successfully transfer sperm when repeated mountings over a period lasting as long as 30 minutes took place. ... " Johan van Rensburg
Thats probably what the Ostrich phallus is for - ie to induce the male to produce sperm from his cloaca. " .... Polyandry: African Pygmy-falcons occasionally engage in polyandrous relationships, where there are more than two adults living together and tending nestlings. ... " - (November 27, 2018) Do egg laying peahens turn into peacocks? This farmer has had it happen 4 times. Girl peafowl [peacocks] mount boy peafowl [peahens] and lay eggs! Peacocks are female. Wow! Was reading a discussion by Freud that the Egyptians believed all vultures to be female (Freud on Leonardo da Vinci) The vulture was symbol of Isis - the great mother. This image probably unknowingly existed with Ostrich feathers which are usually associated with kingship in ancient Egypt and tribal chiefs in east Africa - the black and white ostrich feathers are female not male. What does all female mean though? Probably many intelligent species are really only female sentient. This image occurs in Japanese erotica - in the futa mythology "binding" with a dominant female futa is really one way - the male loses his mind over time. Binding of futa to submissive is caused by an addiction to futa semen - which is reputed to be as addictive as heroin and eventually becomes the futa sub's only desired source of nutrition. Also in alchemical imagery - the final product is the phallic "noble empress" - the union of king and queen in the alchemical bath is a futa - a woman with a penis ... " ... In the Codex Atlanticus Leonardo recounts being attacked as an infant in his crib by a bird. Freud cite the passage as:
“It seems that it had been destined before that I should occupy myself so thoroughly with the vulture, for it comes to my mind as a very early memory, when I was still in the cradle, a vulture came down to me, he opened my mouth with his tail and struck me a few times with his tail against my lips.”
According to Freud, this was a childhood fantasy based on the memory of sucking his mother's nipple. He backed up his claim with the fact that Egyptian hieroglyphs represent the mother as a vulture, because the Egyptians believed that there are no male vultures and that the females of the species are impregnated by the wind. In most representations the vulture-headed maternal deity was formed by the Egyptians in a phallic manner, her body which was distinguished as feminine by its breasts also bore the penis in a state of erection. ... " Leonardo da Vinci, A Memory of His Childhood (Freud 1910) - Wikipedia
- Ancient Egypt was a fleshpot. The Greeks were constantly warning about succumbing to the pleasures of the Nile Sodom. Also it seems there was a culture of female domination in ancient Egypt that does not come across in the history books. For example, at the end of Oedipus Rex, Sophocles mocks the culture of Egypt where the men stay at home and the women do all the work. Also, in the histories of Herodotus we read: " ... The Egyptians ...in their manners and customs seem to have reversed the ordinary practices of mankind. The women go to market to buy and sell while the men stay at home to work the loom ... " 2.35 When I first read this passage, I immediately recognized Egypt as an African civilization ... In my opinion this was just Greek jealousy and eventually Hellas descended into the Egyptian fleshpot with a vengeance ... (November 30, 2018) As an aside - if your replace "futa semen" with "blood" - you probably describe the world of the Vampire. Vampire lore usually starts in Venice or Constantinople - but there is usually a nod to ancient Egypt as the original source of the vampire nation ... Another example would be to replace "futa semen" with the "spice melange" in the sci fi novel "Dune" . In "Dune" the all important spice is produced by a phallic "worm". Thats probably a female phallus ... or a Roman Vesta "fascinum." - Meryl from Dmitrys amazon fetish art producing futa semen. That has to be a genetic female (XX) though. ...There is a powerful trend to side step XX with a feminized XY. For example samba is seeing more trans queens and there are now trans miss bumbum contestants in Brazil. At the end of the day, eros will always be the domain of the phallus - and that almost always means XY chromosomes. - The solution to this riddle is probably CG Jung's "animus" - as outlined on page 90 of this website. Other examples are may seem straight forward. The male rooster mounts the smaller hen - then the hen lays the eggs. By it does not seem that clear cut to me when you watch videos of eggs being laid by a "hen" (December 17, 2018) For example, I recently came across a polyandrous wild chicken : " ... The Sri Lankan junglefowl (Gallus lafayettii) is the national bird of Sri Lanka. They are polyandrous meaning that a single female is typically linked with two or three males." The image provided is that of the vibrantly hued larger Sri Lankan junglefowl which is labeled male. However, my suspicion is that this is a dominant female based on images of chickens laying eggs. In videos of chickens mating, the larger bird mounts the smaller bird. But images of egg laying are linked to the larger bird which means that female chikens are sexually dominant over male chickens. - Video of chicken mating: The bright red comb mounts the small comb (or no comb). - Video of chicken mating. Its not always that the larger bird mounts the smaller bird. But the mount always has a prominent comb. The bird being mounted sometimes has a comb, but not always. -- Video of chicken laying an egg: Bright red comb - female- laying an egg. The smaller submissive male bird then takes over and hatches it. Thats where the confusion comes in. According to wikipedia : " ... Roosters can usually be differentiated from hens by their striking plumage of long flowing tails and shiny, pointed feathers on their necks (hackles) and backs (saddle), which are typically of brighter, bolder colours than those of females of the same breed. However, in some breeds, such as the Sebright chicken, the rooster has only slightly pointed neck feathers, the same colour as the hen's. The identification can be made by looking at the comb, or eventually from the development of spurs on the male's legs (in a few breeds and in certain hybrids, the male and female chicks may be differentiated by colour). Adult chickens have a fleshy crest on their heads called a comb, or cockscomb, and hanging flaps of skin either side under their beaks called wattles. Collectively, these and other fleshy protuberances on the head and throat are called caruncles. Both the adult male and female have wattles and combs, but in most breeds these are more prominent in males. ... " Wikipedia There is a lack of egg-laying videos online - but something got through! CG Jung would call this a psychological "complex". Kind of like negros in America. At the root of the complex is probably the dragon archetype. The ancient Mexicans revered this as the feathered serpent - Quetzalcoatl. We see a lot of feathered serpents at the Brazilian Carnaval. They are samba "queens with a penis" ... - Feathered Serpent head at the Ciudadela complex in Teotihuacan, Mexico - Vision Serpent depicted on lintel 15 from Yaxchilan. Mexico Vision serpents ! - May have something to do with lucid dreaming - A vivid description of a vision serpent can be found in Ken Kelzer's "The sun and the shadow" (1987). - Although in the example cited the serpent is still exteriorized. The serpent dream was initially a cowboys and Indians dream - the menacing Indians turned into the serpents. My perspective is more from the native point of view ... In my personal experience lucid dreaming can be a peak mystical experience - but it is a difficult discipline that can also be linked to darker and more disturbing experiences like "alien abductions" and should be approached with respect and great care. The best analogy would probably be the Occlumency that professor Snape tries to teach Harry Potter in JK Rowling's " Order of the Phoenix." Without knowledge of that snake, it can and probably will take over your psyche. In a male - "she" will "mount" you and take over ... Thats the darkness that everyone playing with dreams is going to encounter. - No exceptions ... I suppose the snake is male in a female dreamer - For American women - probably the phallic Negro. - We own that - it's not a projection out there ... (Jan 8, 2019) Also, since the snake/serpent/dragon is probably male in females, and the avian male does the incubation and hatching and nurturing of the young, taping into the serpent energy in women will probably bring out latent mothering instincts that are withering on the vine in the present day culture ...
I think the jury is out on common Mallard ducks too. Most film focuses on hatching not the actual laying of eggs. The avian pattern seems to be dominant polyandrous female laying eggs followed by submissive male hatching of those eggs. In the mammal world, all female lemurs have a pseudo penis and are dominant as well as several monkeys like the squirrel monkey and the spider monkey as well as several species of moles. Also larger species like Whales, Octopuses and Elephants are female ruled. With all whales the females are larger, and elephant females even have a pseudo penis. " ... In elephants, males and females have an identical anogenital distance, which means that the amount of physical space between the anus and the penis (or penile-clitoris) is exactly the same. Moreover, males have no scrotum, which is usually a handy way to determine maleness in mammals that have retractable penises. However, social context in elephants does provide fairly reliable information about the sex of individuals. Adult female elephants are never without a group, whereas adult males are never part of one (unless a male is copulating with a female). ... " Wild Sex: The Science Behind Mating in the Animal Kingdom, by Carin Bondar.
My suspicion is female domination is much more common than is generally known in the animal world. This is one of those subjects were the scientific evidence clearly has a bias. When the evidence points to female sexual domination, the scientific discussion becomes muted or even silent giving the impression that male sexual domination is the norm. Also science is completely blind to eros - which does not necessarily lead to reproduction. It is also probably how mythological creatures like "dragons" mate. - Thats probably what mami wata is - a water dragon - as well as ancient goddesses like the Roman Vesta. The hermaphrodite is also the Fon deity Mawu-Lisa. And the Hindu's envision an ultimate melding of the Shiva and Shakhti energy as the ultimate goal of self-realization. Science is in the middle of a "Polyandry revolution": " ... What is polyandry? Polyandry is when a female mates with two or more different males (the male equivalent, one male mating with multiple females, being called ‘polygyny’). Monandry on the other hand is when a female only mates with a single male. True monandry, therefore, requires that a female becomes completely unreceptive after an initial copulation, or remains receptive to only one individual. Until recently, monandry was viewed as the most typical form of female sexual behaviour. Why is that? Part of the reason might have been that the predominantly male scientists of the past had various preconceptions about how females, human or otherwise, should behave. Little did they know... Indeed.
The breakthrough came with DNA fingerprinting. Fingerprinting studies revealed that the patterns of mating that biologists had viewed through their binoculars did not match the actual patterns of paternity among offspring. Instead, females across
a very broad range of species were found to be mating with multiple males . This was most startling in birds previously thought to be monogamous. An example is the dunnock, which the Reverend Frederick Morris urged his Victorian parishioners to imitate for its “humble and homely... deportment and habits”. The resulting ‘polyandry revolution’ has led to a paradigm shift in the study of reproductive behaviour. Polyandry is now a common trait that evolutionary biologists must try and explain ... "
- Unknown 637 Seahorses - Unknown 638 Seahorses. - Unknown 639 Patricia Nery - Rainha de bateria, Portela (2016) - Legba horns? - Unknown 640 Patricia Chelida - Legba horns? Not Hwago horns. Legba is the opener of the ways. The fact that he is male is not an issue in Mami Wata world. - Unknown 641 Bruna Bruno - Madrinha de bateria da União da Ilha - Unknown 642 Helena Soares - Unknown 643 Musa - Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 644 Musa - União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 645 Sabrina Sato - Madrinha de bateria da Gaviões da Fiel - Unknown 646 Arielle Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2018) - Unknown 647 Sabrina Sato - Madrinha de bateria da Gaviões da Fiel - Unknown 648 Musa - X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Unknown 649 Musa - X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Unknown 650 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Unknown 651 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Unknown 652 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Unknown 653 Ivi Pizzott - Rainha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 654 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 655 Sheila Mello - Madrinha de bateria Independente Tricolo (2018) (skeleton girl & Legba horns?) - Unknown 656 Sheila Mello - Madrinha de bateria Independente Tricolo (2018) - Unknown 657 Sheila Mello - Madrinha de bateria Independente Tricolo (2018) - Unknown 658 Sheila Mello - Madrinha de bateria Independente Tricolo (2018) - Unknown 659 Sheila Mello - Madrinha de bateria Independente Tricolo (2018) - Unknown 660 Ana Hickmann (2011) - Unknown 661 Ana Hickmann - Unknown 662 Ana Hickmann - Unknown 663 Ana Hickmann - Unknown 664 Ana Hickmann - Unknown 665 Carol Nakamura - Unknown 666 Passistas, Mangueira - Unknown 667 Passista, Mangueira (2018) - Unknown 668 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, Mangueira (2013) - Unknown 669 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, Mangueira (2013) - Unknown 670 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, Mangueira (2013) - Unknown 671 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 672 Natalia Inoue - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 674 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2002) - Unknown 675 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2004) - Unknown 676 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2004) - Unknown 677 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2004) - Unknown 678 Legba horns? - Unknown 679 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2002) - Unknown 680 Viviane Castro ? - Unknown 681 Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Unknown 682 Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2009) - Unknown 684 High step - Unknown 686 Fabi Frota - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Unknown 687 Fabiana Andrade - Rainha, Império Serrano (2006) - More Namio Harukawa "Serving the Deva" - Unknown 690 Musa - Salgueiro (2018) - Unknown 691 Bianca Monteiro - segunda princesa da Corte Carioca (2015) - Unknown 692 Miku Oguchi - Musa, Águia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 693 Simone Sampaio - Rainha da bateria da Dragões (2015) - Unknown 695 Ana Paula Minerato - Musa, Unidos do Peruche (2014) - Unknown 696 Ana Paula Minerato - Musa, Unidos do Peruche (2014) - Unknown 697 Ana Paula Minerato - Musa, Unidos do Peruche (2014) - Unknown 698 Ana Paula Minerato - Musa, Unidos do Peruche (2014) - Unknown 699 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera, ensaio técnico (2014) - Unknown 700 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera, ensaio técnico (2014) - Unknown 701Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera, ensaio técnico (2014) - Unknown 702 Andressa Urach (2012) - Unknown 703 Andressa Urach (2012) - Unknown 704 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 705 Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2009) - Unknown 706 Viviane Castro - Unknown 707 Aime Lopes - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2013) - Unknown 709 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 710 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 711 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria, Casa Verde (2015) - Unknown 712 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria, Casa Verde (2012) - Unknown 713 Cintia Mello - Unknown 714 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi - Unknown 715 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 716 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 717 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 718 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria, Casa Verde - Unknown 719 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi - Unknown 720 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 721 Cintia Mello, Presidente Jamil & Aline-Riscado - Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 722 Cintia Mello - Musa da bateria do Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 723 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 724 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 725 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 726 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 727 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 728 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 729 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Kissing the golden snake. This is probably a representation of Mami Wata. - That's probably what the fish parade points to ... - Unknown 730 Ketula Mello, musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - High Step. The "Loa" promised by the rainbow serpent in Fon Voodoo are probably snakes or dragons as illustrated in the cartoon below. Females receive male snakes - which implies receiving a penis and masculine traits. This would explain the association of Legba with female voodoo priests as discussed below. The Fon voodoo Legba penis is attached to women , not men. Thats probably why they call Legba a "trickster" god. - It's easier for women to receive the dragon - they are receiving power. Men on the other hand are losing power by embracing their female side. With the Fon there was a massive imbalance - 1 King and thousands of Amazons. The same image can be found in science fiction - for example the absence of male counterparts to the witches in the novel "Dune" .. - Compare with Dmitrys futas - or Japanese Amazon futanari fetish erotica - Unknown 733 Aline Riscardo - rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 734 Aline Riscardo - rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 735 Ketula Mello - Porto da pedra ? - Unknown 736 Ketula Mello - rainha de bateria, Porto da pedra (2017) - Unknown 737 Ketula Mello - rainha de bateria, Porto da pedra (2017) - Unknown 738 Ketula Mello - rainha de bateria, Porto da pedra (2017) - Unknown 739 Ketula Mello - rainha de bateria, Porto da pedra (2017) - Unknown 740 Ketula Mello - rainha de bateria, Porto da pedra (2017) - Unknown 741 Ketula Mello - rainha de bateria, Porto da pedra (2017) - Unknown 742 Valeria Valenssa ? (2002) - Unknown 743 Valeria Valenssa ? (2002) - Unknown 744 Valéria Valenssa (1998) - Unknown 745 Valéria Valenssa - globeleza - Unknown 746 Valéria Valenssa - globeleza - Unknown 747 Valéria Valenssa - globeleza - Unknown 748 Valéria Valenssa - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) & Hans Donner - Unknown 749 Valeria Valenssa - Madrinha da bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2005) & Hans Donner - Unknown 750 Valéria Valenssa - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Unknown 751 Valéria Valenssa - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Unknown 752 Valéria Valenssa - Grande Rio (2001) - Unknown 753 Valéria Valenssa - Rainha da Bateria, Portela (2005) & Hans Donner - Unknown 754 Valéria Valenssa - Unknown 755 Valéria Valenssa - Unknown 756 Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2013) - Unknown 757 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2001) - Unknown 758 Andreia Martins - Musa, Uniao da ilha (2015) - Unknown 759 Pâmella Gomes - Rainha de bateria, Tom Maior (2019) - Unknown 760 Ketula Mello - musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 761 Ketula Mello - musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 762 Ketula Mello - musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 762 Ketula Mello - musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 763 Ketula Mello - musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 764 Ketula Mello - musa da Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 765 Ketula Mello - Unknown 767 Naomi Campbell - musa, Portela (2005) - Unknown 768 Carol Nakamura - Unknown 769 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 770 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 771 Valeska Reis - musa, Império de Casa Verde (2017) - Unknown 772 Valeska Reis - Unknown 774 Gil Jung - Unknown 775 Fabiana Teixeira - musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 776 Fabiana Teixeira - musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 777 Fabiana Teixeira - musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 778 Fabiana Teixeira - musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 779 Fabiana Teixeira - musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 780 Fabiana Teixeira - musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 781 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2014) - Unknown 782 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2017) - Unknown 783 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2017) - Unknown 784 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2017) - Unknown 785 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2018) - Unknown 786 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2018) - Unknown 787 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2014) - Unknown 788 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2014) - Unknown 789 Camila Silva - Unknown 790 Camila Silva - Unknown 791 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2014) - Unknown 792 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2013) - Unknown 793 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2013) - Unknown 794 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2013) - Unknown 795 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2017) - Unknown 796 Camila Silva - Rainha de bateria, Vai-vai (2017) - Unknown 797 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 798 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 799 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 800 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 801 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 802 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 803 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 804 Miss Bum Bum China (2016) - Unknown 805 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2010) - Unknown 806 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2010) - Unknown 807 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2010) - Unknown 808 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2010) - Unknown 809 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro - Unknown 810 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro - Unknown 811 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro - Unknown 812 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2010) - Unknown 813 Valesca Popozuda - Madrinha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011) - Unknown 814 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro - Unknown 815 Valesca Popozuda - Madrinha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011) Unknown 816 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Unknown 817 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2010) - Unknown 818 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Unknown 819 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Unknown 820 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 821 Andreia Martins - Musa, Unidos de Padre Miguel (2015) - Unknown 822 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Unknown 823 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Unknown 824 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Unknown 825 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Unknown 826 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha da Bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011), Ensaio técnico - Unknown 827 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha da Bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011), Ensaio técnico - Unknown 828 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Unknown 829 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2010) - Unknown 830 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2009) - Unknown 831 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 832 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 833 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 834 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 835 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 836 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 837 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 838 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 839 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 840 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da Unidos da Tijuca (2012) - Unknown 841 Sabrina Sato - Rainha de bateria da Vila Isabel 2012 (Angola float) - Unknown 842 Sabrina Sato - Rainha de bateria da Vila Isabel 2012 (Angola float) - Unknown 843 Andreia Martins - Musa, Unidos de Padre Miguel (2015) - Unknown 844 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 845 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 846 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 847 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 848 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 849 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 850 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 851 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2016) - Unknown 852 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 853 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 854 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2017) - Unknown 855 Ariellen Domiciano - Unknown 856 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2016) - Unknown 857 Ariellen Domiciano - Mocidade Amazonense (2014) - Unknown 858 Ariellen Domiciano - Rainha de bateria da Nenê de Vila Matilde (2016) - Unknown 859 Valeska Reis, Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2015) - Unknown 860 Valeska Reis - Unknown 861 Valeska Reis - Unknown 862 Valeska Reis - Unknown 863 Valeska Reis, Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2015) - Unknown 864 - Elaine de Abreu - Rainha de Bateria, Terceiro Milenio (2017) - Unknown 865 - Elaine de Abreu - Rainha de Bateria, Terceiro Milenio (2017) - Unknown 866 - Elaine de Abreu - Rainha de Bateria, Terceiro Milenio (2017) - Unknown 867 Valeska Reis - Unknown 868 Valeska Reis - Futa? Those are probably her mounts crown jewels hanging on her biceps ... - Unknown 869 - Elaine de Abreu - Rainha de Bateria, Terceiro Milenio (2017) - Unknown 870 Valeska Reis - Unknown 871 - Elaine de Abreu - Unknown 872 - Elaine de Abreu - Unknown 873 - Elaine de Abreu - Unknown 874 Valeska Reis - Unknown 875 Valeska Reis - Unknown 876 Valeska Reis - Unknown 877 Valeska Reis - Musa, Mancha Verde (2010) - Unknown 878 Valeska Reis - Musa, Mancha Verde (2010) - Unknown 879 Simone Sampaio - Rainha de bateria da Dragoes (2018) - Unknown 880 Simone Sampaio - Rainha de bateria da Dragoes (2018) - Unknown 881 Simone Sampaio - Rainha de bateria da Dragoes - Unknown 882 Egili Oliviera - Unknown 883 Egili Oliviera - Unknown 884 Egili Oliviera - Unknown 885 Egili Oliviera - Unknown 886 Egili Oliviera - Rainha, Carnaval de Estocolmo, Sweden (2015) - Unknown 887 Egili Oliviera - Madrinha da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2018) - Unknown 888 Egili Oliviera - Ensaio Técnico, Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2015) - Unknown 889 Egili Oliviera - Musa, Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2015) - Unknown 890 Egili Oliviera - Unknown 891 Egili Oliviera - Madrinha da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2018) - Unknown 892 Egili Oliviera - Madrinha da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2018) - Unknown 893 Egili Oliviera - Musa - São Clemente - Unknown 894 Egili Oliviera - ensaio técnico da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2017) - Unknown 895 Egili Oliviera - ensaio técnico da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2017) - Unknown 896 Egili Oliviera - ensaio técnico da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2017) - Unknown 897 Egili Oliviera - ensaio técnico da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2017) - Unknown 898 Egili Oliviera - ensaio técnico da Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2017) - Unknown 899 Egili Oliviera - Unknown 900 Egili Oliviera - Unknown 901 Ivi Pizzot - ensaio técnico da Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 902 Ivi Pizzot - ensaio técnico da Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 903 Ivi Pizzot - ensaio técnico da Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 904 Ivi Pizzot - ensaio técnico da Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 905 Ivi Pizzot - ensaio técnico da Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 908 Milla Ribeiro - Musa, Renascer de Jacarepagua (2015) - Unknown 909 Elaine de Abreu - Princesa (2011) - Unknown 912 Valeska Reis, Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2015) - Unknown 913 Valeska Reis, Rainha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2015) - Unknown 915 Adele Fátima, Mocidade (1981) - Unknown 916 Adele Fátima, Mocidade (1981) - Unknown 917 Cris Vianna - Rainha de bateria, Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2015) - Unknown 918 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 919 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 920 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 921 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 922 Gisele Alves - musa, Mocidade - Unknown 923 Musa, Tom Maior - Unknown 924 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 925 Ana Paula Evangelista, musa da Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 926 Ana Paula Evangelista, musa da Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 927 Ana Paula Evangelista - Unknown 928 Simone Sampaio - Unknown 929 Pâmella Gomes - Rainha de bateria, Tom Maior (2019) - Unknown 930 Pâmella Gomes - Rainha de bateria, Tom Maior (2019) - Unknown 932 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 933 Simone Sampaio - Rainha de bateria da Dragoes - Unknown 934 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 935 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 936 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 937 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 938 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 939 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 940 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 941 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 942 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2016) - Unknown 943 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2016) - Unknown 944 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2016) - Unknown 945 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2016) - Unknown 946 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 947 Helena Soares, Rainha de bateria, Tricolor Independente (2017) - Unknown 948 Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 949 Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 950 Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 951 Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 952 Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 953 Janaina Guerra - Rainha de bateria, Vila Isabel (2011) - Unknown 954 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2012) - Unknown 955 Juju Salimeni - Unknown 956 Juju Salimeni - Unknown 957 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2013) - Unknown 958 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2013) - Unknown 959 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Unknown 960 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2012) - Unknown 961 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2012) - Unknown 962 Andrea Martins - Musa do Carnaval (2014) - Unknown 963 Andrea Martins - Musa do Carnaval (2014) - Unknown 964 Andrea Martins - Musa do Carnaval (2014) - Unknown 965 Andrea Martins - Musa do Carnaval (2014) - Unknown 966 Andrea Martins - Musa do Carnaval (2014) - Unknown 967 Andrea Martins - Musa do Carnaval (2014) - Unknown 968 Andréa Martins - Rainha de bateria, Alegria da Zona Sul (2016) - Unknown 969 Andréa Martins - Rainha de bateria, Alegria da Zona Sul (2016) - Unknown 970 Andréa Martins - Rainha de bateria, Alegria da Zona Sul (2016) - Unknown 971 Andréa Martins - Rainha de bateria, Alegria da Zona Sul (2016) e marido Renato Bragança - Unknown 972 Andréa Martins - Rainha de bateria, Alegria da Zona Sul (2016) - Unknown 973 Vanessa Alcântara, Musa, ensaio técnico da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 974 Vanessa Alcântara, Musa, ensaio técnico da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 975 Vanessa Alcântara, Musa, ensaio técnico da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 976 Vanessa Alcântara, Musa, ensaio técnico da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 977 Vanessa Alcântara, Musa, ensaio técnico da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 978 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 979 Fabi Frota, Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche(2017) - Unknown 981 Juju Salimeni - Unknown 982 Mocidade - Unknown 983 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 984 Gracyanne Barbosa (2006) - Unknown 987 Queen Sembiyan as Goddess Uma (Parvati), Chola Dynasty, Tamil Nadu, India c. 990 AD - Freer Gallery of Art: According to Wikipedia" ...Parvati or Uma is the Hindu goddess of fertility, love and devotion; as well as of divine strength and power. Known by many other names, she is the gentle and nurturing aspect of the Hindu goddess Shakti and one of the central deities of the Goddess-oriented Shakta sect. She is the mother goddess in Hinduism, and has many attributes and aspects. Each of her aspects is expressed with a different name, giving her over 100 names in regional Hindu stories of India. Along with Lakshmi (goddess of wealth and prosperity) and Saraswati (goddess of knowledge and learning), she forms the trinity of Hindu goddesses ... Parvati is the wife of the Hindu god Shiva - the protector, the destroyer (of evil) and regenerator of the universe and all life. She is the daughter of the mountain king Himavan and queen Mena.Parvati is the mother of Hindu deities Ganesha and Kartikeya. The Puranas also referenced her to be the sister of the preserver god Vish With Shiva, Parvati is a central deity in the Shaiva sect. In Hindu belief, she is the recreative energy and power of Shiva, and she is the cause of a bond that connects all beings and a means of their spiritual release. In Hindu temples dedicated to her and Shiva, she is symbolically represented as the argha. She is found extensively in ancient Indian literature, and her statues and iconography grace Hindu temples all over South Asia and Southeast Asia. ... " Wikipedia *** There is no discussion of the breasts in Parvati's wikipedia - but this is the central focus of her statue at the Freer. I received the inner vision of the "third breast" after posting this. This nurturing image is the central focus of the Parvati cult and is a common feature in ancient Hindu goddess iconography. Breasts today are problematic though. Many social media sites ban their open display, even for breastfeeding, and they have instead become the morbid focus of cancer fears. Even at the Brazilian carnaval, special permission is required to display naked breasts, and topless beaches are still forbidden in Rio and Sao Paulo. I have not seen an example of a Vesta- type female phallus in Hindu iconography, but the scenes of explicit sexual intercourse all over the Konark sun-temple are probably the same thing. Also, Parvati's son Ganesha has a penis-like trunk coming out of his head instead of a normal face. *** - Unknown 988 Renata Frisson - Unknown 989 Ângela Bismarchi - Unknown 990 Andréa Martins - Unknown 991 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 992 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Princess Sikhanyiso Dlamini - center (2006) - Unknown 993 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 994 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 995 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 996 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 997 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 998 Swazi Reed Dance Festival (2009) - Unknown 999 Swazi Reed Dance Festival (2009) - Unknown 1000 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1001 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1002 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1003 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Princess Sikhanyiso Dlamini - center - Unknown 1004 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1005 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1006 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1007 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1008 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1009 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - King Mswati lll and his daughter Princess Sikhanyiso According to Wikipedia: Umhlanga , or Reed Dance ceremony, is an annual Swazi and Zulu event.In Swaziland, tens of thousands of unmarried and childless Swazi girls and women travel from the various chiefdoms to the Ludzidzini Royal Village to participate in the eight-day event. The young, unmarried girls were placed in female age-regiments; girls who had fallen pregnant outside wedlock had their families fined a cow. Umhlanga was created in the 1940s in Swaziland under the rule of Sobhuza II, and is an adaptation of the much older Umcwasho ceremony. The reed dance continues to be practised today in Swaziland. In South Africa, the reed dance was introduced in 1991 by Goodwill Zwelithini, the current King of the Zulus. The dance in South Africa takes place in Nongoma, a royal kraal of the Zulu king. In South Africa, the ceremony is known as Umkhosi woMhlanga, and takes place every year in September at the Enyokeni Royal Palace in Nongoma, KwaZulu-Natal. The girls come from all parts of Zululand, and in recent years there are also smaller groups from Swaziland, as well as more distant places such as Botswana and Pondoland. All girls are required to undergo a virginity test before they are allowed to participate in a royal dance. In recent years the testing practice has been met with some opposition. The girls wear traditional attire, including beadwork, and izigege and izinculuba that show their bottoms. They also wear anklets, bracelets, necklaces, and colourful sashes. Each sash has appendages of a different colour, which denote whether or not the girl is betrothed. As part of the ceremony, the young women dance bare-breasted for their king, and each maiden carries a long reed, which is then deposited as they approach the king. The girls take care to choose only the longest and strongest reeds, and then carry them towering above their heads in a slow procession up the hill to Enyokeni Palace.The procession is led by the chief Zulu princess, who takes a prominent role throughout the festival.If the reed should break before the girl reaches that point, it is considered a sign that the girl has already been sexually active. The ceremony was reintroduced by King Goodwill Zwelethini in 1991, as a means to encourage young Zulu girls to delay sexual activity until marriage, and thus limit the possibility of HIV transmission. In 2007, about 30,000 girls took part to the event. The organisers of the ceremony have occasionally enforced strict rules on photographers, as some of them have been accused of publishing pictures of the rites on pornographic websites. In past years, the event was attended by former President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma (himself a Zulu), and former Premier of KwaZulu-Natal, Zweli Mkhize. In Swaziland, girls begin the rite by gathering at the Queen Mother's royal village, which currently is Ludzidzini Royal Village. After arriving at the Queen Mother's royal residence, the women disperse the following night to surrounding areas and cut tall reeds. The following night, they bundle the reeds together and bring them back to the Queen Mother to be used in repairing holes in the reed windscreen surrounding the royal village. After a day of rest and washing, the women prepare their traditional costumes consisting of a bead necklace, rattling anklets made from cocoons, a sash, and skirt. Many of them carry the bush knives, which they had earlier used to cut the reeds, as symbols of their virginity. The women sing and dance as they parade in front of the royal family as well as a crowd of dignitaries, spectators, and tourists. After the parade, groups from select villages take to the centre of the field and put on a special performance for the crowd. The King's many daughters and royal princesses also participate in the reed dance ceremony and are distinguished by the crown of red feathers they wear in their hair. The present form of the Reed Dance developed in the 1940s from the Umcwasho custom, where young girls were placed in age regiments to ensure their virginity. Once they had reached marriageable age, they would perform labour for the Queen Mother followed by dancing and a feast. The official purpose of the annual ceremony is to preserve the women's chastity, provide tribute labour for the Queen Mother, and produce solidarity among the women through working together. The reed dance videos were once classified as age-restricted content by Youtube, which angered the users who had uploaded them. This included Lazi Dlamini, the head of TV Yabantu, an online video production company that aims to produce content that “protects, preserves and restores African values”. Working with more than 200 cultural groupings across the country and in neighbouring Swaziland, Dlamini organised a series of protests against Google to force them to rethink their position. At last, YouTube apologized, and allowed the showing of bonafide African traditional videos , - Google says it has lifted the restriction on the videos that were age-restricted as it is not its policy to restrict nudity in such instances where it is culturally or traditionally appropriate." ... " Wikipedia *** - I outlined this issue above. Social media does not allow naked breasts. - These 2 Bantu tribes, the Zulu and Swazi are the last bastion of what used to be a continent - wide annual tradition. You still find nude dancing in remote parts of Africa, but it cannot survive modernity much longer ... - Unknown 1010 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Stamp - Unknown 1011 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1012 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1013 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1014 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1015 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1016 Swazi Reed Dance Festival The Swazi Reed dance is a chastity dance - which is a contradiction of its erotic nature, but probably also serves to awaken the Swazi female eros in preparation for marriage and child - bearing . According to reports of the retirement of Princess Sikhanyiso: " ... Inkhosatana Princess Sikhanyiso, former leader of the Imbali YemaSwati regiment has officially retired from her position as the regiment’s leader and from participating at the Annual Reed dance. Her royal highness announced her retirement during the 2015 Annual Reed Dance where she was adorned in a sidvwashi instead of the sichobo that she had always worn. Born on the 1st of September 1987 to His Majesty King Mswati III and HRH Inkhosikati LaMbikiza, Princess Sikhanyiso is king’s first child. As the Inkhosatana of the royal family she was crowned the leader of the Imbali when she came of age. Her royal highness took to her role like a fish to water as she spearheaded the purity campaign where all the maidens were encouraged to protect their chastity until marriage. The Imbali Foundation was also formed as a means to address the country’s increasing poverty that had resulted in an increasing number of young girls prematurely losing their virginity for various reasons linked to poverty. Her absence at this year’s Annual Reed Dance was glaringly noticeable as both days ended without her awe inspiring giya dance which has come to form part of the highlights of the entire ceremony with it being the Umhlanga’s crescendo. The intelligent and strong willed royal has managed to gain a substantial following through her passion for the Swazi tradition. A custodian of our customs in her own right, Princess Sikhanyiso has definitely filled the shoes of the country’s role model for the next generation of Swazi women. She has completely revolutionized the Umhlanga dances through her love for the arts and this is evident in the new songs that the maidens sing and the creative footwork that goes with it. Needless to say, these moves would have definitely been inspired by Her Royal Highness’s limber moves whenever she takes center field to giya. ... " Swazifyi5/9/2016 - Unknown 1017 Wole Soyinka's "Bringing Brazil back to Lagos" [Nigeria] Cultural Heritage Festival (2013) " ... Prof. Soyinka outlined the importance of Yoruba culture in Brazil, and outlined the striking similarities between the two countries, on a number of aspects. He also spoke of Nigerian youth, and how educating them about these similarities is essential: - Wole Soyinka's intentions are noble, but Muslims and Christians - which are almost 100% of Nigerians, are not going to embrace female nude dancing in the streets. - Prof Soyinka is also wrong when he states elsewhere that the religion of the Orisha's has never caused a nation to go into a war of aggression and conquest. The Fon and his Abekutan ancestors were in constant bloody warfare. The trans-Atlantic slave trade was fueled by this constant strife ... - Unknown 1018 Valéria Valenssa - Unknown 1019 Valéria Valenssa, Grande Rio ( 2002) - Unknown 1020 Valéria Valenssa - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Unknown 1021 Aline Riscardo - Rainha de bateria, Caprichosos de Pilares (2014) - Unknown 1022 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1023 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1024 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1026 Gil Jung - Unknown 1027 Sabrina Sato (Rainbow serpent? or mami wata) - Unknown 1028 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2018) (Trident ?) - Unknown 1029 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1030 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1031 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1032 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1033 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2018) - Unknown 1034 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2018) - Unknown 1035 King suckled by Hathor - 19th dynasty, Egypt, Walters Gallery, Baltimore. "A youthful king suckles at the udder of the mother-goddess Hathor, depicted as a cow. His black flesh may indicate that he is deceased, this color being associated with the underworld, the dead, and Osiris: but the color black also symbolizes renewal and rebirth, and its use implies that the king will be restored to life." Walters Gallery Painted limestone, Thebes, New Kingdom, 19th dynasty, c.1300-1200 B.C. I think the plain reading of the black skin is what we used to call "Negro". To me this is evidence of another black African dynasty of ancient Egypt - the Ramesses dynasty. The impression is more of a Maasai and his cow than anything Hollywood would envision as a Ramesses pharaoh. According to Wikipedia: " ... Hathor was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion who played a wide variety of roles. As a sky deity, she was the mother or consort of the sky god Horus and the sun god Ra, both of whom were connected with kingship, and thus she was the symbolic mother of their earthly counterparts, the pharaohs. She was one of several goddesses who acted as the Eye of Ra, Ra's feminine counterpart, and in this form she had a vengeful aspect that protected him from his enemies. Her contrasting, beneficent side represented music, dance, joy, love, sexuality, and maternal care, and she acted as the consort of several male deities and the mother of their sons. These two sides of the goddess exemplified the Egyptian conception of femininity. Hathor also crossed boundaries between worlds, helping deceased souls in the transition to the afterlife. Hathor was often depicted as a cow, symbolizing her maternal and celestial aspects, although her most common form was a woman wearing a headdress of cow horns and a sun disk. She could also be represented as a lioness, cobra, or sycomore tree. ... " Wikipedia - Unknown 1036 Carmen Mouro (Angola) - Rainha de bateria, Perola Negra (2016) - Unknown 1037 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2018) - Unknown 1038 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2018) - Unknown 1039 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2018) - Unknown 1040 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2018) - Unknown 1041 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1042 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1043 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1044 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1045 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1046 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 1047 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1048 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1049 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1050 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2018) - Unknown 1051 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha da Mangueira (2018) - Unknown 1052 Valéria Valenssa - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Unknown 1053 Gil Jung - Unknown 1054 Gil Jung - Unknown 1055 Gil Jung - Unknown 1056 Gil Jung - Unknown 1057 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1058 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1059 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha do Carnaval (2013) - Unknown 1060 Pri Santtana - Unknown 1061 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé, ensaio técnico (2015) - Unknown 1062 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé, ensaio técnico (2015) - Unknown 1063 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé, ensaio técnico (2015) - Unknown 1064 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé, ensaio técnico (2015) - Unknown 1065 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 1066 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 1067 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1068 Gracyanne Barbosa (2008) - Unknown 1069 Valesca Popozuda - Unknown 1070 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 1071 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 1072 - Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 1073- Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 1074 Pri Santtana - Musa, Academicos Tatuapé (2015) - Unknown 1075 - Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 1076 Patricia Chélida - Unknown 1077 - Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 1079 Gil Jung - Unknown 1080 Gil Jung (Baron Samedi?) - Unknown 1081 Gil Jung (Baron Samedi?) - Unknown 1082 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Unknown 1083 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2013) - Unknown 1084 Dani Sperle - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1085 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1086 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Fenix? - Unknown 1087 Sobek? - Unknown 1090 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2011) - Unknown 1091 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1092 Dani Sperle - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1093 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1094 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2003) - Unknown 1095 Mara Kelly - Rainha de bateria, Unidos do Peruche (2009) - Unknown 1096 India Aigo (Aigo Enaudo) - Vai Vai (2004) - Unknown 1097 Sabrina Sato - Madrinha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2017) - Unknown 1098 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Unknown 1099 Dani Sperle - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1100 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Unknown 1101 Andreia Capitolino - Rainha, Academicos do Tatuape (2017) - Unknown 1102 Juju Salimeni - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Unknown 1103 Andreia Capitolino - Rainha, Academicos do Tatuape (2017) - Unknown 1104 Andreia Capitolino - Rainha, Academicos do Tatuape (2017) - Unknown 1105 Andreia Capitolino - Rainha, Academicos do Tatuape (2018) - Unknown 1106 Andreia Capitolino - Rainha, Academicos do Tatuape (2017) - Unknown 1107 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel, ensaio técnico (2018) - Unknown 1108 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel, ensaio técnico (2018) - Unknown 1109 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel, ensaio técnico (2018) - Unknown 1110 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel, ensaio técnico (2018) - Unknown 1111 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel, ensaio técnico (2018) [There was no main show for Tati in 2018 due to a girl-fight with another dancer during rehersals. Both were removed from the show] - Unknown 1112 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel, ensaio técnico (2018) - Unknown 1114 Carmen Mouro (Angola) - Rainha de bateria, Perola Negra (2016) - Unknown 1115 Miss bumbum Korea (2014) - Unknown 1116 Miss bumbum Korea (2014) - Unknown 1117 Miss bumbum Korea (2014) - Unknown 1118 Miss bumbum Korea (2014) - Unknown 1119 From Namio Harukawa's "Garden of Domina" - Femdom is probably the only safe sex for heterosexual men in the #me-too era. - But, the better reading is probably the "anima" or more precisely the goddess. The male ego cannot surpass the anima - which is divine ... - Unknown 1120 Andreia Capitolino - Rainha, Academicos do Tatuape (2017) - Unknown 1121 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, União da Ilha (2018) - Unknown 1122 Carnaval de Luanda (Angola) - Unknown 1123 Solange Gomes - Unknown 1124 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1125 Rosi Barreto - Unknown 1126 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 1127 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 1128 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 1129 Dani Sperle - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1130 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1131 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Unknown 1132 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 1133 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 1134 Valesca Popozuda - Unknown 1135 Ana Paula Minerato - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Unknown 1136 Renata Frisson - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 1137 Renata Frisson - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 1138 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1139 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1140 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1141 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1142 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1143 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1144 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1145 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1146 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1147 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1148 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1149 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1150 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1151 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1152 Lívia Andrade - Madrinha de bateria, Império de Casa Verde (2016) - Unknown 1153 Lívia Andrade - ( as mermaid or mami wata), Império de Casa Verde - Unknown 1154 Lívia Andrade - ( as mermaid or mami wata), Império de Casa Verde - Unknown 1155 Lívia Andrade - Unknown 1156 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1157 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1158 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1159 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1160 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1161 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1162 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1163 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1164 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1165 Aline Riscado - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2016) - Unknown 1166 Ana Paulo Goncalves - Porta-bandeira, Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1167 Ana Paulo Goncalves - Porta-bandeira, Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1168 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1169 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1170 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1171 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1172 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1173 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1174 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1175 Deborah Carvalho - Rainha da Banda do Mercado - Unknown 1176 Ana Paulo Goncalves - Porta-bandeira, Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1177 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1178 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1179 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1180 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1181 Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1182 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1183 Ana Paulo Goncalves - Porta-bandeira, Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1184 Ana Paulo Goncalves - Porta-bandeira, Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1185 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1186 Ana Paulo Goncalves - Porta-bandeira, Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1187 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1188 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1189 Deborah Carvalho - Rainha da Banda do Mercado - Unknown 1190 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1191 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1192 Passistas - Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1193 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2003) - Unknown 1194 Renata Pinheiro (2015) - Unknown 1195 Renascer de Jacarepaguá (2015) - Unknown 1197 Angela Bismarchi (2011) - Unknown 1198 Valesca Popozuda - Unknown 1199 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2014) - Unknown 1200 Rosi Barreto - Musa, Cubango (2006) - Unknown 1201 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1202 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1203 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1204 Rosi Barreto (2000?) - Unknown 1205 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2016) - Unknown 1206 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2013) - Unknown 1207 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2013) - Unknown 1208 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1209 Ariany Nogueira - Musa, Rocinha (2016) - Unknown 1210 Ariany Nogueira - Musa, Rocinha (2016) - Unknown 1212 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1213 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1214 Monika Nascimento - Rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2018) - Unknown 1215 Monika Nascimento - Unknown 1216 Monika Nascimento - 2ª princesa do carnaval (2007) - Unknown 1217 Monika Nascimento - musa do Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 1218 Monika Nascimento - musa do Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 1219 Mônika Nascimento - rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1220 Mônika Nascimento - rainha de bateria da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1221 Miku Oguchi - musa, Unidos do Peruche (2018) - Unknown 1222 Miku Oguchi - musa, Unidos do Peruche (2018) - Unknown 1223 Miku Oguchi - musa, Unidos do Peruche (2018) - Unknown 1224 Miku Oguchi - musa, Unidos do Peruche (2018) - Unknown 1225 Miku Oguchi - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 1228 - Aguia de ouro (2011) - Unknown 1229 - Aguia de ouro (2011) - Unknown 1230 - Ariany Nogueira - Musa, Rocinha (2016) - Unknown 1231 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 1232 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 1233 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 1234 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 1235 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 1236 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 1237 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2018) - Unknown 1238 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1239 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1240 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1241 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1242 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1243 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca - Unknown 1244 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2014) - Unknown 1245 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2014) - Unknown 1246 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1247 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1248 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1250 - Lorena Bueri - Madrinha de bateria, Pérola Negra (2014) - Ensaio Técnico - Unknown 1251 - Lorena Bueri - Unknown 1252 - Lorena Bueri - Madrinha de bateria, Pérola Negra (2014) - Ensaio Técnico - Unknown 1253 - Lorena Bueri - Unknown 1254 - Elaine de Abreu - Unknown 1256 - Rosie Oliveira, Miss Bumbum Brasil 2017 - Unknown 1257 - Rosie Oliveira, Miss Bumbum Brasil 2017 - Unknown 1258 - Priscila Bonifacio - Unknown 1259 - Priscila Bonifacio - Unknown 1260- Priscila Bonifacio - Rainha, Unidos da Vila Maria (2013) - Unknown 1261 Priscila Bonifácio - Rainha de bateria, Unidos de Vila Maria (2012) - Unknown 1262 - Priscila Bonifacio - Musa, Império Serrano (2013) - Unknown 1263 - Priscila Bonifacio - Musa, Império Serrano (2013) - Unknown 1264 - Priscila Bonifacio - Unknown 1265 - Priscila Bonifacio - Unknown 1266 - Priscila Bonifacio - Musa, Império Serrano (2013) - Unknown 1267 Priscila Bonifácio - Rainha de bateria, Unidos de Vila Maria (2012) - Unknown 1268 Priscila Bonifácio - Rainha de bateria, Unidos de Vila Maria (2012) - Unknown 1269 Priscila Bonifácio - Rainha de bateria, Unidos de Vila Maria (2012) - Unknown 1270 Rosi Barreto - Unknown 1271 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1275 Andrea Martins - musa, União da Ilha do Governador (2017) - Unknown 1276 Andrea Martins - musa, União de Jacarepaguá (2014) - Unknown 1277 Andrea Martins - musa, União de Jacarepaguá (2014) - Unknown 1278 Andrea Martins - musa, União de Jacarepaguá (2014) - Unknown 1279 Ana Paula Minerato - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Unknown 1281 Juju Salimeni- musa, Unidos da Tijuca, ensaio tecnico (2017) - Unknown 1283 Fabi Frota - Unknown 1284 Simone Sampaio - Rainha da bateria da Dragões (2013) - Unknown 1285 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1286 Andrea de Andrade - Madrinha da bateria, Imperio de Casa Verde (2013) - Unknown 1288 Renata Frisson - Unknown 1289 Tati Minerato - Unknown 1290 Miku Oguchi - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 1291 Tati Minerato (2018) ensaio técnico - Unknown 1292 Zulu Reed Dance - Unknown 1293 Zulu Reed Dance - Unknown 1294 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1295 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1296 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1297 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1298 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1299 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1300 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2013) - Unknown 1301 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2011) - Unknown 1302 Valéria de Paula - Unknown 1303 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2011) - Unknown 1304 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2011) - Unknown 1305 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2009) - Unknown 1306 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2009) - Unknown 1307 Valéria de Paula - Rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi & Madrinha de Bateria, Scheila Mello (2009) - Unknown 1308 Scheila Mello (2006) - Unknown 1309 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1310 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1311 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1312 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1313 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1314 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1315 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1316 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1317 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1318 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1319 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1320 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1321 Fabi Frota - musa, Unidos da Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1322 Musa - Unidos de Padre Miguel (2017) - Unknown 1323 Musa - Unidos do Peruche (2017) - Unknown 1324 Amazon - Walters Gallery, Baltimore : " ... In mythology, Amazons were mighty female warriors who fought against the Greeks. These sensual but fierce women offered Classical sculptors the opportunity to depict the bared female breast. This statue reproduces a famous Greek original depicting an Amazon wounded beneath her right breast. It was one of several statues of Amazons entered in a sculptors' competition at the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus in western Asia Minor, about 440 BC. The sculptor of this entry is believed to have been Kresilas. According to the ancient writer Pliny, the contest was judged by the sculptors themselves, and each voted for his own first and gave second place honors to a work by Polyclitus, making him the winner. Kresilas received third prize. ... " Walters Gallery The Amazons in Greek history are poorly documented. For example, the Parthenon marbles are at least half Amazons. The record of their true status in antiquity is still very murky. Also, there is an African component to the Amazons that is not in the historical record but can be found in African mythology - for example the Dahomey amazons and the mythical founders of the Kikuyu tribe. My intuition is the amazons are more psychic than physical - ie they exist on another level of existence - probably what the Yoruba call the world of the Orishas. They are females with an active masculine side - probably best envisioned as a woman with a penis ... We find this image literally in the Roman temple of Vesta as documented on page 90 of this website. The Palladium - a wooden figure representing Athena was protected by the Roman vestal virgins - this is probably the most direct link of Vesta to the Parthenon which was a temple dedicated to Athena - a goddess with a well developed masculine side. . . I think it is safe to imagine that the fiery female phallus associated with Vesta was also associated with Athena. This mythical female phallus - the "fascinum" and the life-giving sacred semen secreted from it - eros - was probably at the central core of all the greco-roman religious mysteries. - Unknown 1325 Ancient Roman Bronze Tintinnabulum (wind charm), circa 1st Century BC, excavated at Pompeii. - It depicts a woman with an erect penis mounted upon a phallic steed or fascinum. (- Compare with riding the spice producing worm in the sci-fi classic "Dune".) - Sir Lawrence Alma Tadema - "Sappho and Alcaeus" (1881)- Walters Gallery, Baltimore: " ... In 1870, the Dutch-born, Belgian-trained artist Alma-Tadema moved to London, where he found a ready market among the wealthy middle classes for paintings re-creating scenes of domestic life in imperial Roman times. In this work, however, he turns to early Greece to illustrate a passage by the ancient Greek poet Hermesianax (active ca. 330 BC) preserved in Atheneaus, Deipnosophistae, "Banquet of the Learned," book 2, line 598. On the island of Lesbos (Mytilene), in the late 7th century BC, Sappho and her companions listen rapturously as the poet Alcaeus plays a "kithara." Striving for verisimilitude, Alma-Tadema copied the marble seating of the Theater of Dionysos in Athens, although he substituted the names of members of Sappho's sorority for those of the officials incised on the Athenian prototype. ... " Walters Gallery - Unknown 1326 Scheila Mello - Madrinha de Bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2009) - Unknown 1327 Scheila Mello - Madrinha de Bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2009) - Unknown 1328 Scheila Mello - Madrinha de Bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2009) - Unknown 1329 Carnaval da Bahia - Unknown 1330 Carnaval da Bahia - Unknown 1332 Dmitrys Amazon cowgirl producing futa semen - Unknown 1333 Miss bumbum 2017 (Pernambuco) Jane Ferreira. - Unknown 1334 Carnaval da Bahia - Unknown 1335 Carnaval da Bahia - Unknown 1336 Priscyla Vidal - Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1337 Tuane Rocha- Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1338 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1339 Larissa Lorrane Reis - Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1340 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1342 Priscyla Vidal - Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1343 Priscyla Vidal - Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1344 Priscyla Vidal - Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1345 Priscyla Vidal - Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1346 Priscyla Vidal - Rainha da bateria da Tradicao (2005) - Unknown 1347 Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1348 Tuane Rocha- Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1349 Tuane Rocha- Concurso Rainha do Carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1350 Tuane Rocha - musa, São Clemente (2018) - Unknown 1351 Erika Canela - Miss bumbum Brasil 2016 - Unknown 1353 Carnaval da Bahia - Unknown 1354 Carnaval da Bahia - Unknown 1355 Aline Bernades - Musa, Mancha Verde (2015) - Unknown 1356 Aline Bernades - Unknown 1357 Ingred Menezes - Musa , Cubango (2017) - Unknown 1358 Ingred Menezes - Musa, Cubango (2017) - Unknown 1359 Ingred Menezes - Musa, Cubango (2017) - Unknown 1360 Ingred Menezes - Musa, Cubango (2017) - Unknown 1361 Ingred Menezes - musa do carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1362 Ingred Menezes - musa do carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1363 Ingred Menezes - musa do carnaval (2017) - Unknown 1364 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1365 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1366 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1367 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1368 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2014) - Unknown 1369 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2014) - Unknown 1370 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2014) - Unknown 1371 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2014) - Unknown 1372 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2014) - Unknown 1373 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1374 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1375 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1376 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1377 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1378 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1379 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1380 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1381 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1382 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Unknown 1383 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Unidos da Vila Isabel (2018) - Ensaio Técnico - Unknown 1384 Miss bumbum Japan (2018) - Unknown 1385 Miss bumbum Japan (2018) - Unknown 1386 Miss bumbum Japan (2018) - Unknown 1387 Miss bumbum Japan (2018) - Unknown 1388 More Namio Harukawa "serving the deva" - Unknown 1389 concurso Miss BumBum Brasil - Unknown 1390 Juju Salimeni - Unknown 1391 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1393 Swazi Reed Dance - Unknown 1394 Swazi Reed Dance - Unknown 1395 Vai vai - Unknown 1396 Tokyo, Japan Asakusa Samba Carnival - Unknown 1397 Tokyo, Japan Asakusa Samba Carnival - Unknown 1398 Musa, União da Ilha do Governador (2018) - Unknown 1399 Grand Rio (2017) - Unknown 1400 Luana Bandeira - ensaio técnico da escola de samba Estácio de Sá (2012) - Unknown 1401 Luana Bandeira - ensaio técnico da escola de samba Estácio de Sá (2012) - Unknown 1402 Luana Bandeira - ensaio técnico da escola de samba Estácio de Sá (2012) - Unknown 1402 Luana Bandeira - ensaio técnico da escola de samba Estácio de Sá (2012) - Unknown 1403 Luana Bandeira - ensaio técnico da escola de samba Estácio de Sá (2012) - Unknown 1404 Grand Rio (2017) - Unknown 1405 Grand Rio (2017) - Unknown 1406 Grand Rio (2017) - Unknown 1407 Grand Rio (2017) - Unknown 1408 Aline Bernardes, da Mancha Verde, a Passista (2012) - Unknown 1409 Aline Bernardes, da Mancha Verde, a Passista (2012) - Unknown 1410 Aline Bernades - Unknown 1411 Aline Bernades - Unknown 1412 Aline Bernardes, da Mancha Verde, a Passista (2012) - Unknown 1413 Aline Bernardes, da Mancha Verde, a Passista (2012) - Unknown 1414 Aline Bernardes - Musa, Mancha Verde (2015) - Unknown 1415 Aline Bernardes - Musa, Mancha Verde (2015) - Unknown 1416 Aline Bernardes - Musa, Mancha Verde (2015) - Unknown 1418 Carine Felizardo - Miss bumbum Brasil 2012 - Unknown 1419 Carine Felizardo - Miss bumbum Brasil 2012 & Musa, Portela - Unknown 1420 Carine Felizardo - Miss bumbum Brasil 2012 - Unknown 1422 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Vila Isabel (2014) - Unknown 1423 Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Unknown 1424 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Vila Isabel (2014) - Unknown 1425 Sabrina Sato - madrinha da Gaviões da Fiel (2018) - Unknown 1426 Sabrina Sato - madrinha da Gaviões da Fiel (2018) - Unknown 1427 Sabrina Sato - rainha de bateria da Vila Isabel (2014) - Unknown 1428 Tokyo, Japan Asakusa Samba Carnival - Unknown 1430 Tokyo, Japan Asakusa Samba Carnival - Unknown 1431 Erika Canela - Miss bumbum Brasil 2016 - Unknown 1432 Fabi Frota - Unknown 1433 Tati & Ana Minerato - Unknown 1435 Mocidade (2016) - Unknown 1437 Vanessa Zotth (2014) - Unknown 1438 Tati Minerato - Gaviões da Fiel - Unknown 1439 Ana & Tati Minerato - Gaviões da Fiel - Unknown 1440 Tati Minerato - rainha de bateria, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 1441 Gracyanne Barbosa - primeiro ensaio de rua de 2019 da União da Ilha - Unknown 1442 Cacau Colucci - Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1443 "Coral" by Jebriodo (2009) - Mami wata? - Unknown 1444 "Nguva" by Wangechi Mutu (Kenya) at the Baltimore Gallery of Art - Supposedly there is a legend on the Kenyan coast of an an east African siren. Mami wata is primarily a west African experience. I've never heard of the east African versions ... My subjective impression when I saw this sculpture last week (Jan 2019) is of a powerful female phallus. A mixture of fish and snake. According to the Victoria Miro gallery, London:
" ... Mutu's practice has been described as engaging in her own unique form of myth-making. This exhibition, Nguva na Nyoka (meaning "Sirens and Serpents" in Kiswahili) presents Mutu's latest body of collage, video and sculptural works. Drawing on such diverse references as East African coastal mythologies (particularly of nguvas, or water women), gender and racial politics, Western popular culture, Eastern and ancient beliefs and autobiography, in her works Mutu proposes worlds within worlds, populated by powerful hybridised female figures. ... The interweaving of fact with fiction and an extension of the possibilities for yet another group of symbolic female characterisations that co-exist in various cultures as another understanding (or constructing) of femaleness underpins this new body of work. The exhibition also features a video, entitled Nguva, a multi-tiered performance featuring the mesmeric eponymous role: a mysterious acquatic character who emerges from the sea onto land and wanders, restless, vicious and curious. ... " Victoria Miro Gallery, London - My subjective vison was right! A powerful female phallus attached to a snake/fish woman ... *** (Jan 24, 2019) Shortly after posting this I found an out of print version of a psychological study of east African siren who was famous during the Victorian era and may have contributed to the opening up of British east Africa: "She" by H Ridder Haggard. The study is "Anima as fate" by Cornelia Brunner (1986) Many of the ideas worked here are very familiar to me in an involuntary way - i.e. the images that forced themselves on to Haggard have also forced themselves onto me! Particularly strange is a pillar of fire represented by the "white queen" who lives somewhere in central Africa. She has spent 2 thousand years waiting for a lover who will join her in the flames - but for obvious reasons no man has the guts to do it. The "fiery female phallus" - that's the image the came to me as I was reading this book. Emperor Theodosius snuffed out her fire in 391 AD - but apparently she has an an African sister somewhere out there! According to Wikipedia: " ... "She, subtitled A History of Adventure, is a novel by English writer H. Rider Haggard, first serialised in The Graphic magazine from October 1886 to January 1887. She was extraordinarily popular upon its release and has never been out of print. ... A young Cambridge University professor, Horace Holly, is visited by a colleague, Vincey, who reveals that he will soon die. Vincey proceeds to tell Holly a fantastical tale of his family heritage. He charges Holly with the task of raising his young son, Leo (whom he has never seen) and gives Holly a locked iron box, with instructions that it is not to be opened until Leo turns 25. Holly agrees, and indeed Vincey is found dead the next day. Holly raises the boy as his own; when the box is opened on Leo's 25th birthday they discover the ancient and mysterious "Sherd of Amenartas", which seems to corroborate Leo's father's story. Holly, Leo and their servant, Job, follow instructions on the Sherd and travel to eastern Africa but are shipwrecked. They alone survive, together with their Arab captain, Mahomed; after a perilous journey into an uncharted region of the African interior, they are captured by the savage Amahagger people. The adventurers learn that the natives are ruled by a fearsome white queen, who is worshipped as Hiya or "She-who-must-be-obeyed". The Amahagger are curious about the white-skinned interlopers, having been warned of their coming by the mysterious queen. They are taken to the home of the queen, which lies near the ruins of the lost city of Kôr, a once mighty civilisation that predated the Egyptians. The queen and her retinue live under a dormant volcano in a series of catacombs built as tombs for the people of Kôr. There, Holly is presented to the queen, a white sorceress named Ayesha. Her beauty is so great that it enchants any man who beholds it. She, who is veiled and lies behind a partition, warns Holly that the power of her splendour arouses both desire and fear, but he is dubious. When she shows herself, however, Holly is enraptured and prostrates himself before her. Ayesha reveals that she has learned the secret of immortality and that she possesses other supernatural powers including the ability to read the minds of others, a form of clairvoyance and the ability to heal wounds and cure illness; she is also revealed to have a tremendous knowledge of chemistry, but is notably unable to see into the future. She tells Holly that she has lived in the realm of Kôr for more than two millennia, awaiting the reincarnated return of her lover, Kallikrates (whom she had slain in a fit of jealous rage). Later, when Holly inadvertently and secretly discovers Ayesha in her hidden chamber, he learns that she may have some degree of power to reanimate the dead. *** Kôr is probably in the Congo/Rwanda/Uganda area. Or maybe around Mt Kenya or Mt Longonot or near Sir Northrup's national park in Ukambani. There something there - something pre-pyramids. I saw it in a dream as a literal passageway to another planet - i.e. a passage from the inside of a volcano - Mt Longonot - into another world - out from a dark chamber into the clouds and blue sky over another world. Earth probably has a twin - somewhere out there. - A "pillar of fire" led the children of Israel out of 18th dynasty Egypt. Also during the 18th dynasty the Aten sun disc was worshiped along with a "pillar of the sun" symbolically contained in the obelisk. - And at the end of Arthur C Clarks's "Childhoods end" - the sun children ascend in pillar of fire (that also destroys the planet). And of course in "Lost" the only purpose of the island is to guard the sacred flame/pool hidden in the bamboo forest. *** - Churchhill used to call Uganda the "pearl of Africa" and prior to Kenyan independence there was a sizable population of Afrikaners living in western Kenya but working in Uganda. Apparently they migrated as a group out of Kenya in 1961, but I have been unable to find accounts of a mass migration of Afrikaners back to South African in the early 1960's. What I have seen , on the other hand, as dream images , is of a large European settlement somewhere in central Africa. - This dream image is probably related to the mass eviction of Ugandan Asians that happened soon after Kenyan independence - probably a preventative "clearing out" in favor of Kenyan Europeans displaced by independence. For a capsule summary of this poorly researched era of British east African history see "Happy Valley: the story of the English in Kenya" by Nicholas Best (2013). This book is one of the few sources of the exodus of the Afrikaners of Uasin Gishu - Kalengin land. For example I heard a Kenyan politician say FW de Klerk was born in Eldoret, Kenya - although Wikipedia says he was born in South Africa. They flooded out suddenly as a group in 1961. Soon after the British Kenyans followed suit at the rate of 700 a month. Also see this blog of an Afrikaner high school in Kenya: the Hill school , Eldoret , Kenya that had the dual mandate of educating the children of Kenyan and Ugandan Afrikaners. *** (Jan 29, 2018) One possible destination for the large group of Kenyan boers in 1961 would be the mineral rich province of Katanga in Belgian Congo. Events in Congo in 1961 were a subject of intense debate by Kenyan Afrikaners at the time. For the most part the debate was framed as fear of the fate of white settlers in Congo during the exit of Belgium as a colonial power. However, another side of the debate that has received very little attention was the active support of British and American intelligence services for a separate state of Katanga. The records suggest that a white militia, operating with the support of the C.I.A. and British intelligence, orchestrated the 1961 plane crash that killed the United Nations secretary general, Dag Hammarskjold. : " ... When South Africa opened its books on the atrocities of the apartheid era in the 1990s, a tantalizing series of faded documents reignited one of the continent’s enduring mysteries. The records suggested that a white militia, operating with the support of the C.I.A. and British intelligence, orchestrated the 1961 plane crash that killed the United Nations secretary general, Dag Hammarskjold. ... "New York Times, Jan 29, 2018 Furthermore, according to Wikipedia: " ... "The Ndola United Nations DC-6 crash occurred on 18 September 1961 in Northern Rhodesia. The crash resulted in the deaths of Dag Hammarskjöld, the second Secretary-General of the United Nations, and 15 others. Hammarskjöld had been en route to cease-fire negotiations with Moise Tshombe during the Congo Crisis. ... At the time of Hammarskjöld's death, intelligence agencies of the U.S. and its allies were actively involved in the political situation in the Congo, which culminated in Belgian and United States support for the secession of Katanga and the assassination of former prime minister Patrice Lumumba. Belgium and the United Kingdom had a vested interest in maintaining their control over much of the country's copper industry during the Congolese transition from colonialism to independence. Concerns about the nationalisation of the copper industry could have provided a financial incentive to remove either Lumumba or Hammarskjöld. ... " While an independent Katanga did not happen, the US was able to prevent communist penetration of Congo by removing Lumumba and replacing him with the pro-western dictator Mobutu. Katanga province had a sizable population of boers which probably increased with the fall of Lumumba. - When doing research on this issue I realized that the flag of the insurgent republic of Katanga incorporates 3 red "X" shaped Katanga crosses - which "were the emblems of king (Mwami) Siri who governed this country (the Realm of Garengaze)" From earlier research below, a single red Katanga cross on a white background was once the flag of the Kingdom of Kongo that was the source for the majority of the slaves sold to the new world.: " ... There is an ancient tradition associated with the Katanga Cross and copper in this part of Africa. Copper mining in Katanga dates back over 1,000 years and the mines of Katanga have been operated for centuries. The copper was exported as far as the coast of Angola to the south and to Europe, as early as the 16th century. Those who controlled production and distribution of the copper cross currencies were the group leaders - ‘The Elders’. Local coppersmiths poured molten copper into sand molds and made the crosses in various sizes, usually about 20 centimeters (7.9 in) across, and weighing about 1 kilogram (2.2 lb). One cross could pay for five to six chickens, two lengths of good quality fabric, nine pounds of rubber or six axes and four to six crosses was enough to pay for one goat. For ten such crosses, one would buy a gun. However, the exact value of crosses in units of weight is unknown .
*** - Unknown 1445 Renata Frisson - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 1447 Bianca Monteiro - Rainha de bateria, Portela (2017) - Unknown 1448 Dani Sperle - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Unknown 1449 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 1450 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Unknown 1451 Cris Alves - Musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 1452 Natalia Inouye - Unknown 1453 Swazi Reed dance - Unknown 1454 Swazi Reed dance - Unknown 1455 Swazi Reed dance - Unknown 1456 Swazi Reed dance - Unknown 1457 Swazi Reed dance - Unknown 1458 Swazi Reed dance - Unknown 1459 Swazi Reed dance - Unknown 1460 Dani Sperle - Musa, Imperador do Ipiranga (2010) - Unknown 1461 Quitéria Chagas - madrinha da bateria da Unidos de Vila Maria 2012 - Unknown 1462 Jéssica Maia, - musa, Paraíso de Tuiuti (2010) - Unknown 1463 Grand Rio - Unknown 1464 Grand Rio - Unknown 1465 Grand Rio - Unknown 1466 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1467 Ellen Roche - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2011) - Unknown 1469 Jéssica Pimentinha - Musa, União da Ilha (2012) - Unknown 1470 Nani Moreira - Vai-Vai (2012) - Unknown 1472 Cinthia Santos - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2015), ensaio technico - Unknown 1473 Cinthia Santos - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2015), ensaio technico - Unknown 1474 Mocidade (2012). Water goddess Oxum and her abebe (mirror). Today Oxum is associated with wealth as symbolized by gold - but her original African association with wealth was symbolized by copper. Allegory based on a novel by Jorge Amado published in 1969 "Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands" about carnaval and afro/brazilian religious beliefs and rituals in Salvador, Bahia in the 19th century. According to wikipedia: " ... The novel, set in Salvador, Bahia, opens with the sudden death of Dona Flor's husband, Vadinho, who collapses in the midst of Carnival celebrations. He is dancing a samba in the streets when his heart gives out, a surprise to all as Vadinho had spent his entire life gambling, partying and drinking with no hint of problems. His nights on the town and his two-timing had been supported by sponging off Dona Flor, the owner of a successful cooking school and his demands for money had been a constant worry and cause of sleepless nights for her. The women of the town thought she was well rid of him. But after Vadinho's death, he remained the love of her life and she missed his seductiveness. He was irresistible, and his absence was, for Dona Flor, worse than the long nights when she waited for him to come home. After a period of mourning, Dona Flor attracts another admirer, a local pharmacist, Teodoro. Unlike Vadinho he is a pillar of respectability, kind and considerate. Dona Flor accepts his proposal. While her new husband lacks the passionate sensuality of Vadinho, he compensates by providing a life free of worry. But, on the first anniversary of her marriage, Vadinho returns. He is now a ghost, but has lost none of his old ways. His activities create commotion everywhere, from Dona Flor’s marriage bed to the local nightspots. She is torn between her attraction to the ghost and her desire to continue as the faithful wife of Teodoro, who has no idea what is going on. ... Throughout the novel, Amado draws on Afro-Brazilian rituals and folklore. In the final section local deities get heavily involved, as well as most of the mystics of Bahia. But Vadinho is the centerpiece of the novel, and the book captures the extravagance of his exploits, both during his life and after his death...." Wikipedia - Unknown 1475 Mocidade (2012). - Unknown 1476 Mocidade (2012). - Unknown 1477 Mocidade (2012). - Unknown 1480 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1481 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2012) ensaio technico - Unknown 1482 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2012) ensaio technico - Unknown 1483 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2018) - Unknown 1484 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2018) - Unknown 1485 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2018) - Unknown 1486 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2018) - Unknown 1487 Carol Amaral - ensaio tecnico da Camisa Verde e Branco (2018) - Unknown 1488 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2018) - Unknown 1489 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2018) - Unknown 1490 Carol Amaral - ensaio tecnico da Camisa Verde e Branco (2018) - Unknown 1491 Thaís Bianca - musa da Rosas de Ouro (2019) - Unknown 1492 Thaís Bianca - musa da Rosas de Ouro (2017) ensaio tecnico - Unknown 1493 Thaís Bianca - musa da Rosas de Ouro (2017) ensaio tecnico - Unknown 1494 Thaís Bianca - musa da Rosas de Ouro (2017) ensaio tecnico - Unknown 1495 Thaís Bianca - musa da Rosas de Ouro (2017) ensaio tecnico - Unknown 1496 Ellen Roche - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2011) - Unknown 1497 Ellen Roche - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2011) - Unknown 1498 Ellen Roche - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2011) - Unknown 1499 Ellen Roche - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2011) - Unknown 1500 Luana Bandeira - ensaio da Estácio de Sá - Unknown 1501 Luana Bandeira - Jorge Abreu Art - Unknown 1502 Luana Bandeira do Caldeirão do Huck desfila pela Estácio de Sá (2013) - Unknown 1503 Luana Bandeira do Caldeirão do Huck desfila pela Estácio de Sá (2013) - Unknown 1504 Luana Bandeira - Estácio de Sá (2013) - Unknown 1505 Luana Bandeira - Estácio de Sá (2013) - Unknown 1506 Luana Bandeira - Estácio de Sá (2013) - Unknown 1507 Luana Bandeira - Estácio de Sá (2013) - Unknown 1508 Luana Bandeira - Jorge Abreu Art - Unknown 1509 Luana Bandeira - Jorge Abreu Art - Unknown 1510 Alexandra Ricette - Musa, Mangueira (2017) Representing the Afro-Brazilian deity Queen Maria Padilha or Pomba Gira. That's a pure futa, for those without knowledge of Afro-Brazilian folklore. Ms. Ricette is not like this in real life - she was channelling the Pomba Gira spirit. - The energy is real though, no matter how you interpret it. - Unknown 1511 Musa - União da Ilha (2017) performing an Angolan mythology theme - Unknown 1512 Musa - União da Ilha (2017) performing an Angolan mythology theme - Unknown 1513 Tuane Rocha - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1514 Musa - Unidos da Tijuca (2017) - Unknown 1515 Musa - União da Ilha (2017) - Unknown 1516 Letícia Guimarães - musa da União da Ilha (2017) - Unknown 1517 Musa - União da Ilha (2017) Jewish "fire girl"? The children of Isreal rejected the 18th dynasty Egyptian "pillar of fire" ! I guess Dr. Freud began the Jewish trip "back to Egypt". Although, to Ethiopians and Arabs, king Solomon began the return when he bedded the queen of Sheba. The entire Islamic religion is probably based on this fire. The Koran calls it "smokeless fire" from the land of the "jinn" - Thats probably the world of Aisha in "She" ... I get the subjective impression that the world of the fiery female phallus is nothing new to a large percentage of Muslim women. That's probably what's lurking behind those black veils ... - Unknown 1518 Cris Alves - Musa, Salgueiro (2017) As a fire girl enacting a scene from Dante's the "Divine Comedy" - Unknown 1519 Musa - Paraíso do Tuiuti (2017) - as an Amerindian celebrating the 50th anniversary of the tropicalist movement - Unknown 1520 Dani Sperle - Musa da União da Ilha (2017) - Unknown 1521 Simone Sampaio - Rainha da bateria da Dragões (2017) - Unknown 1522 Xuxa - Acadêmicos do Grande Rio (2017) - Unknown 1523 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor (2015) - Equatorial Guinea sponsored float featuring an Equatorial Guinea theme: "A griot tells the story: A look at Africa and the rise of Equatorial Guinea." Beija-flor won 1st place honors despite a controversy about a 3 million dollar donation by the government of Equatorial Guinea. There is a double standard with oil money - Arab oil money is fine , but black African oil money is not ... - Unknown 1524 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1525 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1526 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2012) ensaio technico - Unknown 1527 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2012) ensaio technico - Unknown 1528 Raissa de Oliveira - Rainha de bateria, Beija-Flor (2012) ensaio technico - Unknown 1529 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1530 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1531 Beija-Flor (2016) - Probably water goddess Oxum and her abebe (mirror). I saw an anti-sex reading of the water/mirror/bathing goddess myth in the New York times yesterday (Feb 10, 2019) "Make Me a Cold and Pitiless Goddess. I don’t want to focus on how rape changed me. I want to focus on changing rape culture. By Sharma Shields" In Greek mythology many times the goddesses kill mortal men who see them bathing naked; and most readings of female mortal sex with a deity are interpreted as rape; - with mami water, on the other hand what usually happens is the mortal male enters into a secret erotic relationship with the mirror wielding goddess or mermaid that allows him to peek onto her nakedness. It's a very noticeable difference in orientation between the west and the Negro world ... To me, the water goddess-with-a-mirror image is probably a signal from the unconscious psyche that we are mostly in an auto-erotic situation when we have nocturnal sexual encounters with a "goddess"; - ie for a male, the goddess is probably his anima, for the most part. Unknown 1532 Beija-Flor (2012) - Unknown 1533 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1534 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor (2007) - representando o orixá Oxum. - Unknown 1535 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor (2007) - representando o orixá Oxum. - Unknown 1536 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor (2007) - representando o orixá Oxum. - Unknown 1537 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor (2014) - Unknown 1538 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1539 Passista fitness da Beija-Flor, Gabriela Goicochea (2015) - Unknown 1540 Passista fitness da Beija-Flor, Gabriela Goicochea (2015) - Unknown 1541 Passista fitness da Beija-Flor, Gabriela Goicochea (2015) - Unknown 1542 Passista fitness da Beija-Flor, Gabriela Goicochea (2015) - Unknown 1543 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor - Unknown 1544 Passista fitness da Beija-Flor, Gabriela Goicochea (2015) - Unknown 1545 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1546 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1547 Squel Jorgea- Porta-bandeira da Mangueira (2016) - Unknown 1548 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1549 Luana Bandeira - Rainha da Estácio de Sá (2015) - Unknown 1550 Luana Bandeira - Rainha da Estácio de Sá (2015) - Unknown 1551 Thais Macedo - Rainha de bateria da Cubango (2017) - Unknown 1552 Thais Macedo - Rainha de bateria da Cubango (2017) - Unknown 1553 Thais Macedo - Rainha de bateria da Cubango (2017) - Unknown 1554 Raíssa de Oliveira - rainha de bateria da escola de samba Beija-Flor (2015) " .... Rio Times January 24, 2015
Beija-Flor de Nilópolis Samba School Set for Carnival 2015. By Lisa Flueckiger, Contributing Reporter
RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL – On the second night of Rio’s famous Grupo Especial (Special Group) Carnival samba school parades on Monday, February 16th, the Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Beija-Flor school from Nilópolis is scheduled to enter the Sambódromo as the third school at 11:10 PM. Beija-Flor (meaning hummingbird) was founded as a Carnival bloco in the Baixada Fluminense city of Nilópolis in 1948. It was only five years after the popular local bloco turned itself into a samba school that they managed to parade in Rio’s 1954 Carnival for the first time. Beija-Flor de Nilópolis, as it is often referred as, spent some time in lower groups until they were crowned vice-champion of the former Second Group in 1973 with an enredo (theme) about education. They were promoted to the first division for the next year, but it wasn’t until Joãosinho Trinta took over as carnavalesco (parade designer) in 1976 that the school was really successful. Trinta brought them their first championship title with his spectacle about the jogo do bicho (meaning animal game, an illegal betting game). He gained fame for his anthological and often provoking parades. His Cristo statue dressed up as a beggar was prohibited to be shown by the Catholic Church and when he let a naked couple parade in homage to Leonardo da Vinci he had to justify it at the police station. Furthermore, Beija-Flor is known for the commitment of their participants and connection to their town. Trinta stayed with the school for seventeen consecutive years, while Neguinha da Beija-Flor has been singing for them since 1976 and will do so this year. Even the rainha de bateria (queen of the percussion section), which many schools like to change every year, Raíssa de Oliveira, has been with Beija-Flor since she was twelve years old. Since the arrival of Trinta the samba school has won the championship twelve times, the last time in 2011 when paying tribute to singer Roberto Carlos. They were crowned vice-champion another twelve times, the last one in 2013. They were always part of the Champions Parade, and therefore included in the best six schools, since 1993 and missed it for the first time last year with a 7th place. The parade in 2014 had been about TV entrepreneur and director Boni with “O Astro iluminado da comunicação Brasileira” (The illuminated star of Brazilian communication) and brought an innovation to the Sambódromo with an interaction between the first flag-carrying couple and the vanguard group, though it didn’t help to score enough points. This year, Beija-Flor will, as several other schools, go back to Brazil’s African roots with the enredo: “Um griô conta a história: Um olhar sobre a África e o despontar da Guiné Equatorial. Caminhemos sobre a trilha de nossa felicidade” (A griot [a West African storyteller] tells the story: A look at Africa and the emergence of Equatorial Guinea. Let us walk on the path of our happiness.) The parade will tell the history of Africa and especially Equatorial Guinea, the biggest oil producer on the continent. The 3,800 components should show the “different Africas that are part of the history of Brazil”, as the description of the theme states. The school from Nilópolis will sing about “the African king, who never lost faith, he was my brother, son of Guinea” and “rescue my African soul”, but also touch on such things as the arrival of the Portuguese in the country and slavery. G.R.E.S. Beija-Flor
Rua Pracinha Wallace Paes Leme, 1025 – Nilópolis ... " Rio Times - This Africa only exists in the new world - mainly in Brazil and Haiti. The entire idea of “the African king, who never lost faith, he was my brother, son of Guinea” does not exist in Africa any more. .... - Unknown 1555 Elaine Lima - Beija-Flor - Unknown 1556 Passista fitness da Beija-Flor, Gabriela Goicochea - Unknown 1557 Passista fitness Brasil - Unknown 1558 Alexandra Ricette - Musa, Mangueira (2017) Representing the Afro-Brazilian deity Queen Maria Padilha or Pomba Gira. - Unknown 1559 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2010) - Unknown 1560 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2012) - Unknown 1561 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2011) - Unknown 1562 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2012) - Unknown 1563 Valesca Popozuda - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2012) - Unknown 1564 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1565 Juju Salimeni - Rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2018) - Unknown 1566 Ivi Pizzott - Rainha de bateria, Camisa Verde e Branco (2016) - Unknown 1567 Passista - Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 1568 Thaís Bianca - Musa da Rosas de Ouro (2018) A fantasia de Thaís se chama 'O Sol de Todas as Manhãs'. (As the sun of every morning.) - Unknown 1569 Thaís Bianca - Musa da Rosas de Ouro (2018) - Unknown 1570 Thaís Bianca - Musa da Rosas de Ouro (2018) - Unknown 1571 Thaís Bianca - Musa da Rosas de Ouro (2018) - Unknown 1572 Thaís Bianca - Musa da Rosas de Ouro (2018) - Unknown 1573 Thaís Bianca - Musa da Rosas de Ouro (2018) - Unknown 1574 ex-BBB (Big Brother Brazil) Jaqueline Farias foi uma das musas do desfile da Beija-Flor (2013) - Unknown 1575 Jaqueline Farias - musa, Beija-Flor (2013) - Unknown 1576 Jaqueline Farias - Unknown 1577 Jaqueline Farias - Unknown 1578 Jaqueline Farias, Beija-Flor (2009) "In the shower of joy which bathes the body; wash your soul at the party" - Unknown 1579 Jaqueline Farias, Beija-Flor (2011) - Unknown 1580 Jaqueline Farias, Beija-Flor - Unknown 1581 Jaqueline Farias, Beija-Flor - Unknown 1582 Jaqueline Faria Louriçal - Rainha do Carnaval (2007) - Unknown 1583 Jaqueline Farias - musa, Beija-Flor (2013) - Unknown 1585 Viviane Araújo - rainha de bateria da Mancha Verde (2018) - Unknown 1586 Jaqueline Farias - musa, Beija-Flor (2013) - Unknown 1587 academicos do grand rio (2017) - Unknown 1588 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria, Gaviões da Fiel, ensaio técnico (2018) - Unknown 1589 Dani Sperle - musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Unknown 1590 Dani Sperle - musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Unknown 1591 Dani Sperle - musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Unknown 1592 Dani Sperle - musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Unknown 1593 Dani Sperle - musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Unknown 1594 Dani Sperle - musa, Nenê de Vila Matilde (2014) - Unknown 1595 Sabrina Sato - madrinha da Gaviões da Fiel (2018) - Unknown 1596 Sabrina Sato - madrinha da Gaviões da Fiel (2018) - Unknown 1597 Sabrina Sato - madrinha da Gaviões da Fiel (2018) - Unknown 1600 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1601 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1602 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1603 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1604 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1605 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1606 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1607 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1608 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1609 Colorado do Brás (2019) "Colorado do Brás, a school that spent 25 years in the Access Group and arrives at Anhembi honoring Kenya" - Unknown 1610 Colorado do Brás (2019) - Unknown 1611 Ângela Bismarchi - Império Serrano (2015) - Unknown 1612 Ângela Bismarchi - Império Serrano (2015) - Unknown 1613 Ângela Bismarchi - Império Serrano (2015) - Unknown 1614 Ângela Bismarchi - Império Serrano (2015) - Unknown 1615 Ângela Bismarchi - Porto da Pedra (2000) - Unknown 1616 Colorado do Brás (2019) - Unknown 1617 Colorado do Brás (2019) - "Hakuna Matata" (no problem in swahili) theme from" the Lion King" - Unknown 1618 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 1619 Valesca Popozuda - Unknown 1620 Valesca Popozuda - Unknown 1621 More Namio Harukawa "serving the deva" - That's the world of "She". From Ayesha on down. In "She" the women choose who they will marry and it is highly disrespectful to say no. The only conflict is between the women. The strongest get the first picks and marriage only lasts as long as there is a spark between the lovers. Ayesha herself was so erotic that she warned the Cambridge professor Holly against accepting her offer to see her unveiled; - she warned him that he would instantly be transformed into her submissive mount - the way proud Roman colts were brought to heel under their riders. Holly ignored her warning and quickly submitted to her reptilian lust. ... - Bdsm fantasy of "She-who-must-obeyed" (by Nanshakh) - Bdsm fantasy of a veiled sisterhood mate selection Probably polyandry - as with birds, the alpha females have anywhere from 2 to 7 mates ... The Kikuyu rebelled against this according to Kikuyu Mythology ... "She" herself was served by an army of male and female deaf/mutes that responded to her on a telepathic level - and she was unable to see the problem with a might makes right rule. In her culture it had always been like that - so she had no problem in taking Leo by force from the Amahaggar Ustane who herself also took Leo by force with a marriage by kiss. The penalty for saying no to marriage , like one of the Europeans called Job said no, was "hot-potting" - a gruesome tribal execution ... "She" ("She" :alternate link . Not sure who altered the link - but that's a good pick) was a pure blood Arab from pre-christian Rome who entered the spirit of life at the prime of her sexuality. To outward appearances she was a tall dark haired vixen of no more that 30 years . But graybeards like the Amahaggar African village elders were compelled to prostate themselves in her presence - down on hands and knees. That's probably an accurate image of the devil! We picture the devil as male - but to the ancients the devil was often female. And it makes sense when you realize that dragons are female dominant - just as most birds and dinosaurs. The top layer of early Islam was probably a "She" like matriarchy. The lands of the queen of Sheba are probably at the extremely dark core of the Muslim faith. (March 8, 2019) - The "gods" are constantly changing. Africans may question the pure blood Arab ethnicity of the queen of Sheba, but at the end of the day the pure blood Arabic culture reigns supreme over large parts of black Africa and Asia - including proud cultures like Iran/Persia. Present day Islam no longer has the sex-infused culture of the queen of Sheba "jinn" though ... That was restricted to the Maharajah culture which is now extinct.
(March 8, 2019) As I was working on this problem, another image/problem presented itself to me: the Nordic "rainbow bridge" and the passing of the northern European shamanic culture. "Rainbow bridge": In Wagner the giants breach the bridges defenses and slaughter the higher gods. " ... The Rainbow Bridge ... Bifrost (pronounced roughly “BIF-roast;” Old Norse Bifröst) is the rainbow bridge that connects Asgard, the world of the Aesir tribe of gods, with Midgard, the world of humanity. Bifrost is guarded by the ever-vigilant god Heimdall. During Ragnarok, the giants will breach Heimdall’s defenses and cross the bridge to storm Asgard and slay the gods." norse-mythology.org ... The etymology of the word is uncertain. The original form of the name seems to be Bilröst, which suggests a meaning along the lines of “the fleetingly glimpsed rainbow.” If Bifröst is correct, however, the meaning would be something akin to “the shaking or trembling rainbow.” In either case, the word points to the ephemeral and fragile nature of the bridge – just like the nature of a physical rainbow." " ... " ... Bifröst is the mythological rainbow bridge that connects the world of men on Earth (Midgard) with the realm of the Aesir Nordic gods that live in Asgard. In the collected stories about Nordic mythology, the bridge is described as the main way the Earth is connected with Asgard, and is used for transport of not only gods but also souls of men who have been proved worthy as warriors during their life to accompany Odin and other Nordic gods in the final “end times” battle during mythical event of Ragnarok. " ... Bifrost bridge is very closely connected to the myth of the apocalyptic event of Ragnarok, which describes series of future events, battles, destruction of the world, and the preordained death of almost all the major Nordic gods. The start of Ragnarok will be marked with two specific events – the disappearance of the sun and moon, and the sounding of the horn alarm by Heimdall who guards the rainbow bridge. This prompts Odin and almost all of the other Aesir and Vanir gods, Valkyries, and spirits of brave men who lived at Asgard to ride the Bifrost bridge back to the Earth where the final battle will be fought. In the battle all the gods will die, giants will storm across the Bifrost’s rainbow bridge, raise and destroy Asgard and the bridge itself. Earth, after being burned and submerged will eventually arise from the sea, being reborn anew. " ... The meaning behind the name Bifröst is a hotly contested item that has been closely examined by several historians over past several centuries. The core uncertainty comes from the several possible names that this bridge is known under, and the incomplete information that was collected in the earlier historical works such as Poetic Edda and Prose Edda. The original form of the name most likely is “Bilröst,” which can be loosely translated as “the fleetingly glimpsed rainbow.” The modern and more adopted version of the name Bifröst translates into something similar - “the shaking or trembling rainbow.” "Heimdallr (also known as Heimdall, Heimdal, Heimdali, Rig, Hallinskiði, Gullintanni, and Vindlér or Vindhlér) is the Nordic god who is tasked with the protection of Bifröst bridge against the arrival of Giants who are foretold to destroy Asgard and Earth during the apocalyptic events of Ragnarok. He plays a vital role in Ragnarok and therefore has been bestowed with great importance in many Nordic myths that have been recorded in literary works of Poetic Edda and Prose Edda. According to all the collective records, Heimdall is one of the most important gods in the Norse pantheon. Blessed with the power of foreknowledge, extraordinary sight and hearing, he was tasked to protect the Bifröst from his fortress of Himinbjörg that was located at the place where the shimmering rainbow bridge connected with the lands of Asgard. According to the prophecies known by the Aesir gods, Heimdall would be the first of the gods who will saw the signs of the upcoming Ragnarok, and was preordained to die in battle while killing Loki. The name Heimdallr cannot be fully traced to its true origin, but the historians agree that its name most likely can be translated to “the one who illuminates the world.” In surviving poems and stories, he is also notably called with three different names – Hallinskiði (no translation), Gullintanni (“the one with the golden teeth”) and Vindlér or Vindhlér (“the one protecting against the wind” or “the one protecting against the wind-sea”). Stories about him under these names have provided modern historians with valuable knowledge about his looks and exploits. In Poetic Edda, Heimdall is referenced in six poems (Völuspá, Grímnismál, Lokasenna, Þrymskviða, Rígsþula, and Hrafnagaldr Óðins), while in Prose Edda, he is mentioned in three books (Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, and Háttatal). He was also described in 13th-century Heimskringla Old Norse saga from Iceland and in the 10th-century Saltfleetby spindle whorl inscription that was recently found in England. The written information about the Bifrost bridge is not extensive and can be traced to just the two poems in the Poetic Edda and two books in the Prose Edda, with some additional context being derived from surviving medieval Scandinavian songs and tales. In the poem Fáfnismál, the dying dragon (wyrm) Fafnir shares with the human hero Sigurd the tale of the events of Ragnarok. He described the moment when the gods will descend from the Asgard to Midgard, riding their horses over the rainbow bridge Bifrost who will at that moment break apart and be destroyed forever, leaving the gods on Midgard where they will be forced to pass great rivers with their horses. Since many things about Bifrost bridge are unknown, can be interpreted in many ways due to translation inaccuracies, or have conflicting elements, many theories have arisen about various aspects of the rainbow bridge. John Lindow, professor emeritus specializing in Scandinavian medieval studies and folklore, has proposed a connection between Bifrost and bridge Gjallarbrú. The former connects the land of the living with the realm of the gods, while the latter connects the land of the living with the underworld (or the world of the dead). In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, the rainbow bridge Bifrost is an interstellar portal powered by advanced technology that connects the realm of Asgard with eight different worlds, including Earth (Midgard), Jotunheim (frozen planet of Giants), Svartalfheim (home of the Dark Elves), and others. " Götterdämmerung (German: Twilight of the Gods),WWV 86D, is the last in Richard Wagner's cycle of four music dramas titled Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung, or The Ring for short). It received its premiere at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus on 17 August 1876, as part of the first complete performance of the Ring. - My intuition is Asgard has already been sacked - probably occurred during world war 2 - we're just finding about it now. - the analogy that comes to mind is the Mayan Xibalbans - the Mayan lords of death and their bewildering rule over the living. We're in the time of the "sock puppets" or involuntary mounts - maybe thats why the next image is the immersion of the earth under the water - the mounts have issues with water.
- Unknown 1622 Suelen Mayara - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 1623 Suelen Mayara - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 1624 Fabi Frota - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Unknown 1625 Amazon? Amazon warriors went into battle with one breast uncovered - Unknown 1626 Ângela Bismarchi - Musa, Caprichosos de Pilares (2001) - Unknown 1627 Viviane Castro - Musa, X-9 Paulistana (2009) - Unknown 1630 Ângela Bismarchi - Musa, Salgueiro (2009)
- Unknown 1632 Rachel Blanc - Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Unknown 1633 Rachel Blanc - Madrinha da Bateria, Imperio Serrano (2004) - Unknown 1634 siren? - Unknown 1638 Danny Morais - musa da Tucuruvi (2017) - Unknown 1639 Adriana Bombom - madrinha da bateria Tom Maior (2011) Adriana Bombom representou uma iguana - Unknown 1640 Adriana Bombom - madrinha da bateria Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1641 Adriana Bombom - madrinha da bateria Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1642 Ellen Roche - rainha, rosas de ouro (2016) - mami wata? - Unknown 1643 Tatiane Minerato - Unknown 1644 Adriana Bombom - madrinha da bateria Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1647 Sabrina Sato posa com a rainha de bateria - Unknown 1648 Viviane Araújo - rainha de bateria da Mancha Verde (2018) - Unknown 1649 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 1650 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde (2013) - Unknown 1651 Viviane Araújo - representa princesa africana na Mancha Verde (2018) - Unknown 1652 Viviane Araújo - representa princesa africana na Mancha Verde (2018) - Unknown 1653 Viviane Araújo - representa princesa africana na Mancha Verde (2018) - Unknown 1654 Viviane Araújo - representa princesa africana na Mancha Verde (2018) - Unknown 1655 Viviane Araújo - Unknown 1656 Swazi reed dance & 2 princesa africana - Unknown 1657 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - Unknown 1658 Cris Alves - fantasiada de pombagira no ensaio técnico do Salgueiro (2016) - Unknown 1659 Cris Alves - Unknown 1660 Cris Alves - musa, Salgueiro (2017) - pombagira? - Unknown 1661 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde (2012) - pombagira - Unknown 1662 Adriana Bombom - Dahomey Amazon? - Unknown 1663 Adriana Bombom - Unknown 1664 - Livro Pomba Gira - Jose Ribeiro - (March 20, 2019) That's a version of "She". I just learned of a new Yoruba Orisha and earthly ruler who might have been overthrown by a "She" in the 12th century AD: Obatala According to Wikipedia: " ... Obatala (known as Obatalá in Latin America and Yoruba mythology) is an Orisha. He is believed to be the Sky Father and the creator of human bodies, which were brought to life by the smooth breath of Olodumare. Obatala is the father of all Orishas and the owner of all ori. Any Orisha may claim an individual, but until that individual is initiated into the priesthood of that Orisha, Obatala still owns that head. Obatala's principal wife is Yemoja (known as Yemú in Cuba). According to the tenets of the Yoruba religion, Obatala is one of the oldest of all of the orishas and was granted authority to create the Earth. Before he could return to heaven and report to Olodumare, Oduduwa, his younger brother (or, in some accounts, sister) usurped his responsibility (due to Obatala's being drunk at the time). He/she took the satchel that Olodumare had given Obatala to aid him in creation, and used it to create land on the primeval ocean. A great feud ensued between the two siblings, and from there came other divinites - Yemoja and Aganju. Oba Obatala was a king in Ife that was deposed by Oduduwa and his supporters. This is re-enacted every year in the Itapa festival in Ife. Ultimately, following the war between Obatala on the one hand and Oduduwa and his sons on the other, the latter were able to subsequently establish a dynasty with the former's reluctant consent. Obatalá (also known as Ochalá or Oxalá; Orichalá or Orixalá) is the oldest "Orisha funfun" ("white deity"), referring to purity, both physically and symbolically as in the "light" of consciousness. In Santería, Obatalá is syncretized with Our Lady of Mercy and Jesus Of Nazareth. In Candomblé, Oxalá (Obatalá) has been syncretized with Our Lord of Bonfim; in that role, he is the patron saint of Bahia. The extensive use of white clothing, which is associated with the worship of Oxalá, has become a symbol of Candomblé in general. Friday is the day dedicated to the worship of Oxalá. A large syncretic religious celebration of the Festa do Bonfim in January in Salvador celebrates both Oxalá and Our Lord of Bonfim; it includes the washing of the church steps with a special water, made with flowers. ... " Wikipedia - (March 20, 2019) The sources are murky, by my intuition says Obatala was probably overthrown by his sister. It's both intuition and the self-evidently Amazon character of the Orisha religion in its current form. - (March 23, 2019) The wikipedia article on Oduduwa suggests an Arabian conquest of the Yoruba nation in the 12th century AD. The article is ambiguous as to the gender of the conqueror though, leaving the door open for an Amazon overlord ... (the term used is "gender fluid" - or as the Japanese would say "Futa"), " ... Oduduwa was not only the first ruler of a unified Ife, but also the progenitor of various independent royal dynasties in Yorubalandand is today venerated as "the hero, the warrior, the leader and father of the Yoruba tribe".For a long time as propagated by early writers of Yoruba history, like the Bayajidda legend of the Hausa people, he was said to be an eastern prince who was driven out of his kingdom in Arabia, specifically from Mecca in present day Saudi Arabia and was forced to migrate in a long march with his followers to present day south western Nigeria where through war lasting many years, he was able to defeat the forces of the 13 indigenous communities of Ife led by Obatala and formed these communities into a single Ife state. He held the praise names Olofin Adimula, Olofin Aye and Olufe.His name, phonetically written by Yoruba language-speakers as Odùduwà and sometimes contracted as Ooduwa, Odudua or Oòdua, is generally ascribed to the ancestral dynasties of Yorubaland because he is held by the Yoruba to have been the ancestor of their numerous crowned kings. Following his posthumous deification, he was admitted to the Yoruba pantheon as an aspect of a primordial divinity of the same name. ...Upon the ending of Oduduwa's time on Earth, there was a dispersal of his children and grandchildren from Ife to the outposts that they had previously founded or gained influence over, in order for them to establish effective control over these places. Each is said to have made his or her mark in the subsequent urbanization and consolidation of the Yoruba confederacy of kingdoms, with each child or grandchild fashioning his or her state after Ile-Ife. Orunto, a child of Oduduwa that was born to his maid, is the ancestor of the families that are entitled to inherit the Obalufe title - it is held by a royal that's traditionally ranked second in the order of precedence at the Ooni's court. Obalufon II Alayemore was on the throne when Oranmiyan returned from his sojourn and ordered that the kingship be given to him and hence back to the legitimate family of Oduduwa. Oranmiyan's son Lajamisan was therefore the progenitor of all of the Oonis that have reigned in Ife from his time till now. ... In contradiction of the preceding historical claims, Ife tradition relates that Oduduwa was an emissary from the community of Oke-Ora, the easternmost part of the Ife cultural area which stretches towards the Northeastern Ijesa people. He descended from the Hills on a chain, earning the oriki Atewonro (which means 'one who descends on a chain'). He is said to have been a warrior that wore armor made of iron. At that time, a confederacy existed between the 13 communities of the valley of Ile-Ife, with each community or 'Elu' having its own Oba; the Oba of Ijugbe, the Oba of Ijio, the Oba of Iwinrin etc. When Oduduwa rose to be a prominent citizen of ancient Ife, he and his group are believed to have conquered most of the 13 component communities and deposed Obatala, subsequently evolving the palace structure with its effective centralized power and dynasty. Due to this, he is commonly referred to as the first Ooni of Ife and progenitor of the legitimate kings of the Yoruba people. ... The first child of Oduduwa, Okanbi Iyunade, married Obatala and later gave birth to the future crowned king of Owu. He is believed to have acquired his crown as a toddler while crying on his grandfather's lap. ... Omonide, Oduduwa's favorite wife, gave birth to Sopasan, the father of the future crowned kings of Ketu. Sopasan was the first to leave Ile-Ife with his mother and crown. He settled at such temporary sites as Oke-Oyan and Aro. At Aro, Soposan died and was succeeded by Owe. The migrants stayed for a number of generations and broke camp in the reign of the seventh king, Ede, who revived the westward migrations and founded a dynasty at Ketu. ... Ajagunla Fagbamila Orangun, the first legitimate son of Oduduwa, is crowned king of Ila. Oduduwa is said to have wanted more sons to silence his critics. On the advice of the Ifa oracle, he went to a stream, where he found a naked lady by the name of Adetinrin Anasin. She eventually became his wife and the mother of Ifagbamila (which means "Ifa saves me") ... Another son is subsequently crowned king of Sabe. ... A third son is crowned king of Popo. ... Oranmiyan went on to found Oyo-Ile. His sons Ajaka and Sango rule Oyo in their turn. ... Oranmiyan was the last son and the most adventurous of the members of Oduduwa's household. He was the first Oba of Benin, the first Alaafin of Oyo, and the sixth Ooni of Ife, in that order. ... After the dispersal of the family of kings and queens, the aborigines became ungovernable, and constituted themselves into a serious threat to the survival of Ife. Thought to be supporters of Obatala who had ruled the land before the arrival of Oduduwa, these people turned themselves into marauders. They would come to town in costumes made of raffia with terrible and fearsome appearances, and burn down houses and loot the markets. It is at this point that Moremi Ajasoro, a princess of Offa, of the lineage of Olalomi Olofagangan, the founder of Offa-Ile and the paramount head of the Ibolo region of the old Oyo kingdom, a member of the Ooduan dynasty by marriage to Oranmiyan, is said to have come onto the scene; she subsequently played a significant role in restoring normalcy back to the situation through a spying mission. She allowed herself to be captured and taken away with them. Subsequent to this she got married to the king of the Ugbo. Her new husband wanted pleasures from her but she wouldn't give in because she was married previously and was on a mission. She told him to tell her the secret of the marauders, he didn't want to but after a great deal of prodding, he gave in. He told her that the only thing they fear was FIRE, if they saw fire they would run. After this information she concocted an escape plan. She asked for some oranges and made the juice have a sleeping effect on the palace people. When they woke up after eating them, they found that she had gone to tell her people of their weakness. The people of Ife were soon prepared for the marauders. ... Native religious traditions about the dawn of time claim that Oduduwa was Olodumare's favourite Orisa. As such, he (or she, as the primordial Oduduwa is gender fluid) was sent from heaven to create the earth upon the waters, a mission he/she had usurped from his/her consort and sibling Obatala, who had been equipped with a snail shell filled with sand and a rooster to scatter the said sand in order to create land. These beliefs are held by Yoruba traditionalists to be the cornerstone of their story of creation. Obatala and Oduduwa here are represented symbolically by a calabash, with Obatala taking the top and Oduduwa taking the bottom. In this narrative, Oduduwa is also known as Olofin Otete, the one who took the Basket of Existence from Olodumare. This cosmology-tradition has sometimes be confused and mixed with the historical Oduduwa ... " Wikipedia - Benin and the Dahomey Amazons are perhaps the purest form of the Oduduwa conquest - Probably the Yoruba upper class ... - The next question has to be what happened in Arabia in the 12th century AD? Previous work on this website reveals a major change in Islam from Fatimid rule to the rule of Saladin in 1169 AD. The queen of Sheba cult probably survived in some form in Arabia until the demise of the Fatimids ...
- Unknown 1666 Adriana Bombom - madrinha da bateria Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1667 Adriana Bombom - (as a fresh water deity? maybe Oxun) - Unknown 1668 Dani Sperle- Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1669 Bianca Leao - Salgueiro - Unknown 1673 - Elaine de Abreu - Unknown 1674 Claudia Leitte - Rainha de bateria, Mocidade (2015) - Unknown 1675 Beija-Flor (2015) - Unknown 1676 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 1677 Jéssica Pimentinha - Musa, União da Ilha (2012) - Unknown 1678 - Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2012) - Unknown 1679 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1680 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019), ensaio technico - Unknown 1681 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019), ensaio technico - Unknown 1682 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1683 Gracyanne Barbosa - Unknown 1684 Thaís Bianca - Musa dos compositores da Rosas de Ouro (2018) - Unknown 1686 Miss Bumbum Brasil (2014) - Indianara Carvalho - Unknown 1687 Miss Bumbum Brasil (2014) - Indianara Carvalho - Unknown 1688 Miss Bumbum Brasil (2014) - Indianara Carvalho - Unknown 1689 Valéria Valenssa - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Unknown 1691 Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) (March 26, 2019) I learnt about the Yoruba Obatala/Oduduwa 12th century AD controversy through music - specifically a music compilation "Frequent Flyer: Havana" by Kinkysweet who has introduced me to a lot of new South American music. One of the tracks on the Havana CD is by a priestess of the Santeria deity Obatala: "Rezos" ("Prayers") by Gladys "Bobi" Cespedes. I was certain the singer was a man, and was intrigued to dig a little deeper when I found out she was a woman. It seems that Obatala is obscure enough that Nigerians have forgotten him. To me that's like forgetting Legba. No Obatala - No Ori - Obatala controls access to the Ori's. (Or Obatala controlled - that was before losing the instruments of creation to his sister. My guess is the erotic energy of Carnaval is the equivalent of the phallic Legba.) For example, an online article from as recently as 2018 shows there is very little knowledge of Obatala in Nigeria itself: " ... YORUBA NATION:KEY MONARCH BACKS PAEDIA EXPRESS ON ODUDUWA
BY ABDULMUMINI ADEKU.
Against the generally perceived notion that Oduduwa was the founder of the Yoruba race by several modern scholars which The News office Desk of the E.N.M.Paedia Express Multimedia Group had challenged recently via a world exclusive ,a key monarch of the Yoruba people has thrown his full weight behind this medium's assertion on the founder of Yoruba nation.
On the 8th of August,2018, Olugbo of Ugbo, Oba Fredrick Obateru Akinruntan while unveiling the statue of the god figure ,Moremi said that it was high time he spoke out so as to help correct distortions in the history of Ile Ife and the entire Yoruba nation.
He said :"I stand for the truth and I am ready to prove that truth to all lovers of truth,we should stop telling lies that have been causing confusion in our land for many years,one side of Yoruba history has being told and this is the time to let people know those areas that they have been silent about for so long"
"Yoruba did not start with the arrival of Oduduwa at Ile-ife ,he met 16 communities that Olugbo Obamakin Osangagan was ruling over"
He revealed that for a very long time Moremi had been ignorantly called a goddess but quickly added that she did not descend from any heaven but was actually Olugbo's wife.
The monarch added that Moremi actually gave birth to his forefather but later betrayed her husband..
"The wikipedia article on Moremi reads like a Dahomey Amazon entry: In a Yoruba - Igbo war, Moremi allowed herself to be captured by the Igbo and due to her beauty was married to the Igbo king. While in this position she learned of the enemies weaknesses and used that Intel to help the Yoruba conquer the Igbo. Also in order to secure her mission she promised a river goddess - Esinmirin - to sacrifice her son - a promise which she carried out after the Igbo defeat: : ... Moremi Ajasoro, Princess of the Yoruba was a figure of high significance in the history of the Yoruba peoples of West Africa. She was a member-by-marriage of the royal family of Emperor Oduduwa, the tribe's fabled founding father. The Oloori Moremi lived in the 12th century, hailed from Offa,and was married to the then king of Ile Ife, a kingdom that is said to have been at war with an adjoining tribe who were known to them as the Forest people (Ìgbò in the Yoruba language, though the said tribe is believed by scholars to have had no relation to the contemporary Ìgbòs of modern Nigeria). Scores of Ife citizens were being enslaved by these people, and because of this they were generally regarded with disdain by the Yoruba city-states. Moremi was a very brave and beautiful woman who, in order to deal with the problem facing her people, offered her only son in sacrifice to the Spirit of the river Esimirin so that she could discover the strength of her nation's enemies. She is said to have been taken as a slave by the Igbo and, due to her beauty, married their ruler as his anointed queen. After familiarizing herself with the secrets of her new husband's army, she escaped to Ile-Ife and revealed this to the Yorubas who were able to subsequently defeat them in battle. Following the war she returned to her first husband, King Oramiyan of Ife (and later Oyo), who immediately had her re-instated as his Princess Consort. In order to fulfil the pledge she made to Esimirin before embarking on her mission, her son Olurogbo was given in sacrifice to the Spirit because this is what it asked her for when she returned to its shrine. The Edi Festival is said to have then been started as a means of celebrating the sacrifice the princess made for the people of Yorubaland. Furthermore, a number of public places are named after her in contemporary Nigeria, such as the female residence halls at the University of Lagos and Obafemi Awolowo University. In 2017, Oba Ogunwusi, the Ooni of Ile Ife, Osun State, erected a statue of Moremi in his palace. The statue is the tallest in Nigeria, displacing the previous holder of that record (a statue in Owerri, the Imo State capital). It is also the fourth tallest in Africa. ... " - The goddess Esinmirin and her mermaids- - Moremi was probably the Yoruba emperor; probably a "She" - like figure. Does this situation still exist in Nigeria? Maybe ...In the 12th century AD the Yoruba went from worshiping a patriarchal sky god - Obatala , to worshiping a matriarchal river goddess - probably oxun/mami wata. - Unknown 1694 Banda da Rua do Mercado (2014) - Unknown 1695 Legba. - (March 29, 2019) To me, it's an open question whether that phallus is attached to a man. Thats probably a skirt and a female phallus - or what Eric Stanton called a "Princk". Through study of Haitian Vodun, the female Phallus is probably a representation of what happens when Legba "mounts " a female worshiper. African Legba's do not survive on the Internet. But that's the prime drive. No Ori without Legba. Other cultures have this though - there is a massive ancient chalk erect phallus carved into the English countryside : The Cerne Abbas Giant. " ... The Cerne Abbas Giant is a hill figure near the village of Cerne Abbas in Dorset, England. 55 metres (180 ft) high, it depicts a standing nude male figure with a prominent erection and wielding a large club in its right hand. Like many other hill figures it is outlined by shallow trenches cut in the turf and backfilled with chalk rubble. The figure is listed as a scheduled monument of England and the site is owned by the National Trust. The origin and age of the figure are unclear. It is often thought of as an ancient construction, though the earliest mention of it dates to the late 17th century. Early antiquarians associated it, on little evidence, with a Saxon deity, while other scholars sought to identify it with a Celtic Britishfigure of the Greek Hercules or some syncretisation of the two. There is archaeological evidence that parts of the drawing have been lost over time. The lack of earlier descriptions, along with information given to an 18th-century historian by the steward of the manor at the time, leads some modern scholars to conclude that it probably dates from the 17th century, and perhaps originated as political satire. Regardless of its age, the Cerne Abbas Giant has become an important part of local culture and folklore, which often associates it with fertility. It is one of England's best known hill figures and is a visitor attraction in the region. ... " Wikipedia
- Unknown 1696 3 headed Legba or Mami Wata. - Unknown 1697 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2015) - Unknown 1698 Marcia Imperator - Musa da Tucuruvi (2015) - Unknown 1699 Miku Oguchi - Musa, Aguia de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 1700 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1701 Graziele Lizânia - Rainha do carnaval Belo Horizonte & Mariene Luiza Lopes como a Princesa (2013) - Unknown 1702 Graziele Lizânia - Rainha do carnaval Belo Horizonte (2013) - Unknown 1703 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real, e considerada a única rainha das rainhas em São Paulo (2014) ensaio technico - Unknown 1704 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) ensaio technico - Unknown 1705 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) ensaio technico - Unknown 1706 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) ensaio technico - Unknown 1707 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Unknown 1708 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1709 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) ensaio technico - Unknown 1710 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1711 Fabiana Andrade - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2006) - Unknown 1712 Rosi Barreto - Unknown 1713 Rosi Barreto - Unknown 1714 Rosi Barreto - Unknown 1715 Tuane Rocha - Musa, Rocinha (2017) There was a controversy as to this performance because Tuane Rocha is an evangelical Christian. But she has also danced at carnaval from a very young age and was told to follow her heart. The evangelical movement is growing in Brazil and major samba stars like Valeria Valenssa have left carnaval behind in favor of the gospel. Last year (2018), for the first time, the Globeleza on the pre carnaval Globo TV advertisement was not topless. So even Brazil is not immune from global #me too trends. ... But the Batuque /Batucada will probably survive - its based on an very ancient archetype - the "queen of the south" - probably Isis and Egypt and the Nile in a nutshell ... - Unknown 1716 Dani Sperle - Unknown 1717 Miku Oguchi - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 1718 Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Unknown 1719 Fabi Frota - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Unknown 1720 madrinha Maísa Magalhães - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1721 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Unknown 1722 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Unknown 1723 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) Costume reminds me of a Dahomey Amazon, but it is actually Escrava Anastacia: " Escrava Anastacia is a popular saint venerated in Brazil. A slave woman of African descent, Anastacia is depicted as possessing incredible beauty, having piercing blue eyes and wearing an oppressive facemask. Although not officially recognized by the Catholic Church, Anastacia is still an important figure in popular Catholic devotion throughout Brazil. She is also venerated by members of the Umbanda and Spiritist traditions. Without an official history, stories of Anastacia's life vary. Some place her birth in Africa — often to a royal family — while others emphasize her Brazilian origins. In all versions she is enslaved and cruelly treated by her owners. Anastacia stoically bears these traumas and treats all people with love. She is often purported to have possessed tremendous healing powers and to have performed other miracles. Eventually, she is punished by her owners by being forced to wear a muzzle-like facemask, which prevents her from speaking, and a heavy iron collar. The reasons given for this punishment vary: some stories report her aiding in the escape of other slaves, others claim she resisted the amorous advances of her master, and yet another places the blame on a mistress jealous of Anastacia's beauty. After a prolonged period of suffering, all the while performing more miracles of healing and peace, Anastacia dies of tetanus from the collar. It is often claimed that she healed the son of her master and mistress, and forgave their cruelty as she died. ... " Wikipedia - Unknown 1724 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Unknown 1725 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) ensaio technico - Unknown 1726 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) ensaio technico - Unknown 1727 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) ensaio technico - Unknown 1728 Bianca Monteiro é rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1729 Bianca Monteiro é rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1730 Cintia Mello - rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1731 A rainha de bateria Cintia Mello, a musa Flávia Bonansea e a madrinha Maísa Magalhães no desfile da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - - Dahomey Amazon skull fetish? Legba rituals in old Dahomey required a human skull. Today animal skulls are used instead. Phallic power - or Legba- was probably required to activate the "Ori" or head - represented by the skull - Unknown 1732 Cintia Mello - rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1733 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1734 Cintia Mello - rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1735 Swazi Reed Dance Festival - Unknown 1736 A rainha de bateria Cintia Mello & a musa Flávia Bonansea - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1737 musa Flávia Bonansea - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1738 madrinha Maísa Magalhães - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1739 madrinha Maísa Magalhães & rainha de bateria Cintia Mello - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1740 musa Flávia Bonansea - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1741 Simone Sampaio - Unknown 1742 Thaís Bianca - Musa da Rosas de Ouro (2018) A fantasia de Thaís se chama 'O Sol de Todas as Manhãs'. (As the sun of every morning.) In ancient Egypt the Sun was female or Isis which is the opposite of the western Apollo. But even the African Isis had to have a phallic Legba to light her Torch. ... Carnaval and Samba are an annual re-lighting of the flame, which when it goes off, is easily forgotten - Unknown 1743 Thaís Bianca - Unknown 1745 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019) - Unknown 1746 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019) - Unknown 1747 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019) - Unknown 1748 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019) - Unknown 1749 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019) - Unknown 1750 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019) - Unknown 1751 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019 - Unknown 1752 A rainha de bateria Maryanne Hipólito - Cubango (2019) - Unknown 1753 Kamila Reis - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2019) - Unknown 1754 Kamila Reis - Rainha de bateria, Porto da Pedra (2019) - Unknown 1755 Bianca Monteiro é rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1756 Bianca Monteiro é rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1757 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - (Escrava Anastacia) - Unknown 1758 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - (Escrava Anastacia) - Unknown 1759 A musa Flávia Bonansea, rainha de bateria Cintia Mello, e a madrinha Maísa Magalhães no desfile da Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - (Escrava Anastacia) - Unknown 1760 Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) (Escrava Anastacia) - Unknown 1761 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1762 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1763 Swazi reed dance - Unknown 1764 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1765 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1766 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1767 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1768 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1769 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1770 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Escrava Anastacia - Unknown 1771 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Representing Iansã, the orixá of the singer Clara Nunes " ... Oya (Yoruba: Oya, also known as Oyá or Oiá; Yansá or Yansã; and Iansá or Iansã in Latin America) is an orisha of winds, lightning, and violent storms, death and rebirth. She is similar to the Haitian god Maman Brigitte, who is syncretised with the Catholic Saint Brigit.
In Yoruba, the name Oya means "she tore." She is known as Oya-Iyansan – the "mother of nine" — due to the Niger River (known to the Yoruba as the Odo-Oya) traditionally being known for having nine tributaries. In Candomblé, Oya is known as Oiá, lyá Mésàn, or most commonly, Iansã, from the Yoruba Yánsán. Iansã, as in Yoruba religion, commands winds, storms, and lightning. She is the queen of the river Niger, and the mother of nine. She is a warrior and unbeatable. Attributes of Iansã including great intensity of feeling, sensations, and charm. Another ability attributed to Iansã is control over the mysteries that surround the dead. Iansã is syncretized with Saint Barbara. In the Candomblé nação (association) of Angola Congo, Iansã is associated with the colour red. ... " Wikipedia - Unknown 1772 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Representing Iansã, the orixá of the singer Clara Nunes - Unknown 1773 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1774 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1775 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1776 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1777 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1778 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1779 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1780 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1781 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1782 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1783 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1784 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1785 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1786 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1787 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1788 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1789 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1790 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1791 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Unknown 1792 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Representing Iansã, the orixá of the singer Clara Nunes - Unknown 1793 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Representing Iansã, the orixá of the singer Clara Nunes - Unknown 1794 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Representing Iansã, the orixá of the singer Clara Nunes - Unknown 1795 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) Lansã warriors in the 'Evening Ritual' - That's what Kikuyu and Maasai maidens used to look like during traditional Ngoma dances in the 19th century - bald, bare and covered in copper/red ocher ... - Unknown 1796 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1797 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1798 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1799 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1800 Bianca Monteiro - Unknown 1801 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1802 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1803 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1804 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1805 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1806 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Representing Iansã, the orixá of the singer Clara Nunes - Unknown 1807 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2019) - Representing Iansã, the orixá of the singer Clara Nunes - Unknown 1808 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1809 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1810 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1811 Artwork of the orixá Iansã riding a Cape Buffalo and wielding a scythe and fly-whisk. "Also known as Black Death, the Cape Buffalo can be extremely dangerous, and is said to have killed more big game hunters than any other animal in Africa. An impressive creature, males can reach heights of 6ft and weigh a hefty 1750 lbs." Wikipedia - Unknown 1812 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1813 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1814 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 1815 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1816 Artwork of the orixá Iansã do Balé. Iansã do Balé is reputed to have the power to separate the living from the dead. In other words to banish the dead from the world of the living - which is a form of zombie prevention: the term used is justice for "crimes against life". The subjective image I saw from the Guerreiras de Iansã was more explicit: an army of erect female phallus's. I suppose Iansã sets the "futas" free ... " ... After the death and cleansing of the body, which is performed by Omulu-Obaluaiê, Iansã takes care of them to the portals of the orun (parallel world), where they are delivered to the Command of the Exus Skulls, which are the Exus that guard the Umbrais doors. [The Exu of Umbanda is a spiritual entity, supposedly the spirit of someone who was born and died]
Iansã was once the patroness (or matron) of a female secret society, which worshiped the ancestors (people already disembodied belonging to the religion), which we call Egungun, a ritual where spirits of people who are already disembodied are brought to earth.
It was the orixá Ogun that managed to end the primacy of women in this cult, which became exclusively male. But despite this, Iansã is still revered in this society. ... " CENTRO PAI JOÃO DE ANGOLA (April 30, 2019) Furthermore, according to wikipedia : " ... In the Yoruba religion, the annual ceremonies in honor of the dead serve as a means of assuring their ancestors a place among the living. They believe the ancestors have the responsibility to compel the living to uphold the ethical standards of the past generations of their clan, town or family. The Egungun are celebrated in festivals, known as Odun Egungun, and in family ritual through the masquerade custom. In family situations, a family elder known either formally or informally as "Alagba" presides over ancestral rites. He may or may not be initiated into the local Egungun society. In matters that deal with whole communities, Egungun priests and initiates who are trained in ancestral communication, ancestral elevation and funerary rites are assigned to invoke and bring out the ancestors. They wear elaborate costumes in masquerade. Through drumming and dance, the Egungun robed performers are believed to become possessed by the spirits of the ancestors, as manifested as a single entity. The Egungun spiritually cleans the community; through the dramatic acting and miming of the robed priests, they demonstrate both ethical and amoral behavior that have occurred since their last visit. In this way, they expose the strengths and weaknesses of the community to encourage behavior more befitting of their descendants. When this performance is completed, the performers as Egungun give messages, warnings and blessings to the assembled spectators. Important Egungun include the Oloolu and Alapansanpa, both of Ibadanland. Elewe of the Ìgbómìnà Yoruba clan, which is common in the towns of Òkè-Ìlá Òràngún, Ìlá Òràngún, and Arandun, is also of particular prominence. In Brazil, the main cult of the Egungun is found on the island of Itaparica, in the State of Bahia. Houses of worship dedicated to the Egungun also exist in other states. ... Egungun masquerades are male dominated within the performance aspect and women play an integral role in the ritual. Only males are allowed to connect with the spirits in Egungun by transforming into the masked figure. However, women are not powerless in the ritual of Egungun. Women are important to the creation of the materials, dramatizing the performance, singing, dancing and serving as an audience member. Elders say separation is necessary because of the dangers of women power. According to the Ifa corpus, women were once in control of Egungun and the ritual originates from women’s religious experience in Yoruba. It is also argued that women were the sustainers of Egungun and according to the Odu Irantegbe chapter of the Ifa corpus, they were tricked by men and their powers over the Egungun cult were taken away. ... " Wikipedia - (April 30, 2019) There is a red Fon Egungun mask documented below; it has an erect penis, but is also probably a female mask by the placement of the necklace - photos of topless Dahomey Amazons with the King, have the same necklace placement. - Mask of a Egungun costume - Legba divinity That's probably why I had the subjective image an army or forest of erect female phallus's during the the Guerreiras de Iansã performance. Clearly the female erection is considered dangerous by mainstream Yoruba culture. My subjective impression is the male only Egunguns have not been doing their job - hence the zombie epidemic. It's part of a murky power struggle between Shango and his arch rival Ogun. - Also, the death cult culture of certain strains of Islam and Christianity (the "rapture" for example ) and Buddhism do not make sense until you realize there may be a parallel world where the human spirit is freed from the constraints of the physical body ... - This parallel world can be experienced directly: in my personal case I encounter what seem to be the recently dead in what is called the "hypnagogic" state - ie. the period between wakefulness and sleep - usually in public places like an early morning train ride after working the night shift. In that brief twilight space between wakefulness and sleep another world sometimes revels itself. I suppose the dead ride the train like everyone else. There is nothing special about them - they are just people who are no longer incarnate. My impression of them is of limited mobility - they seem to be anchored in place. For example, I see them more on the DC side of my train trips, and less on the Baltimore side. The two cities have different energy levels it seems ... The hypnagogic state is probably also where all "alien abductions" occurs.
- Unknown 1817 Madrinha Maísa Magalhães - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1818 Musa Flávia Bonansea - Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1819 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Unknown 1820 Hindu God Shiva Lingam Statue. There is no agreement on what the Shiva Lingam is, but to me it's an Indian Legba. That's probably an erect clitoris surrounded by vaginal tissue. According to wikipedia: " ... A lingam, sometimes referred to as linga or Shiva linga, is an abstract or aniconic representation of the Hindu deity Shiva in Shaivism.It is a votary symbol revered in temples, smaller shrines, or as self-manifested natural objects.The lingam is often represented within a lipped, disc-shaped platform. Lingayats wear a lingam inside a necklace, called Ishtalinga.
Lingam is additionally found in Sanskrit texts with the meaning of "evidence, proof" of God and God's existence. Lingam iconography found at archaeological sites of the Indian subcontinent and southeast Asia includes simple cylinders set inside a yoni, rounded pillars with carvings such as of one or more mukha (faces), and anatomically realistic representations of a phallus such as at Gudimallam.In the Shaiva traditions, the lingam is regarded as a form of spiritual iconography.
Lingam, states Monier Monier-Williams, appears in the Upanishads and epic literature, where it means a "mark, sign, emblem, characteristic". Other contextual meanings of the term include "evidence, proof, symptom" of God and God's power. The term also appears in early Indian texts on logic, where an inference is based on a sign (linga), such as "if there is smoke, there is fire" where the linga is the smoke.According to James Lochtefeld, it is sometimes "simplistically called a phallic symbol". It is a religious symbol in Hinduism representing Shiva as the generative power, all of existence, all creativity and fertility at every cosmic level. The lingam of the Shaivism tradition is a short cylindrical pillar-like symbol of Shiva, made of stone, metal, gem, wood, clay or disposable material. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, the lingam is a votary aniconic object found in the sanctum of Shiva temples and private shrines that symbolizes Shiva and is "revered as an emblem of generative power".It often is found within a lipped, disked structure that is an emblem of goddess Shakti and this is called the yoni. Together they symbolize the union of the feminine and the masculine principles, and "the totality of all existence", states Encyclopædia Britannica. ... " Wikipedia - Unknown 1821 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019), ensaio technico - Unknown 1822 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) Representing the orisha Oba. At her center of worship in Ogbomosho, Oba is described as the wife of Aganju and is praised as "Oba, who owns parrot tail feathers and fights on the left" Oba's humiliation by a rival co-wife is one of the most well-known tales associated with this Orisha. While William Bascom's study identified several unusual variations of it, the most popular myth found in West Africa, Brazil, and Cuba has Oba cutting off her ear to serve to her husband Shango as food, because one of her co-wives (most often Oshun) has convinced her this will secure Shango's attention. Once Shango sees the ear and realizes Oba has mutilated herself, he chases her from his house and into permanent exile. Bascom notes that though this story is known in many parts of Yoruba country, it was not recognized by her priest in Ogbomosho. There are a few variations of the myth in Cuba where Oya rather than Oshun tricks Oba. Another Cuban variation excludes the wifely rivalry entirely, explaining Oba's self-mutilation of both ears as an effort to feed Shango after they run out of goat and he is in need of food for his struggle against Ogun. By comparison, in the verses of Ifá, the story is inverted somewhat. Oba cuts off her ear at the advice of Ifá and the measure successfully ties Shango to Oba, until Orunmila himself steals Oba from Shango. González-Wippler, in her study of Santería, describes her as the daughter of Yemoja and one of the consorts of Shango. She is said to have given her husband her ear to eat, an event which led to her eventual flight from his presence. Grieving, she became the Oba river which intersects with the Oshun river (Oshun was another wife of Shango and is believed to have been the one who tricked her into the giving of the ear) at turbulent rapids, a symbol of the rivalry between the two wives.The Oba River flows through Iwo, that is why the Iwo people are called the children of the River Oba (Iwo Olodo Oba). - Unknown 1823 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) Representing the orisha Oba. - Unknown 1824 - Laynara Teles - Rainha, Império da Tijuca (2017) Representing the orisha Oba. - Unknown 1827 Evelyn Bastos - Unknown 1828 Bianca Monteiro - Unknown 1829 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) ensaio technico - Unknown 1830 Cintia Mello - rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) Thats probably an homage to Dmitrys - the Russian amazon futa artist. - Unknown 1831 Cintia Mello - rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - Unknown 1832 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019), ensaio technico - Unknown 1833 Cintia Mello - rainha de bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) (Escrava Anastacia) - Unknown 1835 Letícia Guimarães, ex-rainha do carnaval carioca - ensaio técnico da União da Ilha (2017) - Unknown 1836 Viviane Araújo - Unknown 1837 Fabia Borges, Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2001) - Unknown 1838 rainha de bateria Cintia Mello, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - (Escrava Anastacia) - Unknown 1839 rainha de bateria Cintia Mello, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2019) - (Escrava Anastacia) - Unknown 1840 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) (Escrava Anastacia) - ensaio técnico - Unknown 1841 Rosi Baretto - Unknown 1842 Andressa Urach - Musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 1843 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1844 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1845 Renata Frisson - Musa, Grand Rio (2014) - Unknown 1846 Viviane Araújo - Unknown 1847 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1848 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1849 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 1850 Fabiana Andrade - Unknown 1851 Clara Paixão - Unknown 1852 Miku Oguchi - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 1853 Miku Oguchi - Musa do Peruche (2019) - Unknown 1854 Miku Oguchi - Musa do Peruche (2019) - Unknown 1855 Miku Oguchi - Musa do Peruche (2019) - Unknown 1856 Miku Oguchi - Musa do Peruche (2019) - Unknown 1857 Miku Oguchi - Musa do Peruche (2019) - Unknown 1858 Miku Oguchi - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 1859 Miku Oguchi - Unknown 1860 Jéssica Ponciano e Miku Oguchi - Madrinha de bateria, Aguia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 1861 Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Unknown 1862 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2016) - Unknown 1863 Japan Asakusa Samba Carnival. The orisha Ogun, who ended the primacy of women in the Egungun cult seems to be both very ancient , but also very contemporary. He is the orisha of technology and is said to have disappeared into the earth without dying a long time ago after destroying humanity. To me , that sounds like an echo of ancient Atlantis. According to Wikipedia: " ... Ogun or Ogoun (Yoruba: Ògún, Portuguese: Ogum, Gu; also spelled Oggun or Ogou; known as Ogún or Ogum in Latin America) is an Orisha, Loa, and Vodun. He is a warrior and a powerful spirit of metal work, as well as of rum and rum-making. He is also known as the 'god of Iron'. In Yoruba religion, Ogun is a primordial orisha who first appeared as a hunter named Tobe Ode. He was the husband of Oya. He is said to have been the first Orisha to descend to the realm of Ile Aiye ("Earth"), to find suitable place for future human life. In some traditions he is said to have cleared a path for the other gods to enter Earth, using a metal ax and with the assistance of a dog. To commemorate this, one of his praise names, or oriki, is Osin Imole or the "first of the primordial Orisha to come to Earth". He is the god of war and metals In his earthly life Ogun is said to be the first king of Ife. When some of his subjects failed to show respect, Ogun killed them and ultimately himself with his own sword. He disappeared into the earth at a place called Ire-Ekiti, with the promise to help those who call on his name. His followers believe him to have wo ile sun, to have disappeared into the earth's surface instead of dying. Throughout his earthly life, he is thought to have fought for the people of Ire, thus is known also as Onire. He is now celebrated in Ekiti, Oyo, and Ondo States. ... In Dahomey religion, Gu is the vodun of war and patron deity of smiths and craftsmen.He was sent to earth to make it a nice place for people to live, and he has not yet finished this task. Ogun is known in the Afro-Brazilian tradition of Candomblé as Ogum (Ketu, Ijexa and Efon nations) or Gu (Jeje nation). Ogum is syncretized with Saint George, notably in Rio de Janeiro and the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Candomblé tradition in Northeast Brazil, especially in Bahia, associates Ogum with Saint Sebastian ... " Wikipedia - Unknown 1864 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Unknown 1865 Gil Jung - Rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2014) - Unknown 1866 Fabiana Teixeira - musa, Tom Maior (2013) - Unknown 1867 Musa, Grande Rio (2012) - (May 8, 2019) - The description of the Ogun orisha above may have a concrete source in the real world - Terence McKenna's "magic mushrooms". I came to this insight after watching an online documentary: "Terence McKenna's True Hallucinations" - Intense dude. Died of brain cancer at 53. He thought it was caused by all the drugs. But his doctors said the cancer was unrelated. One new piece of info I got was : magic mushrooms speak to you. According to "Listening for the Logos: a study of reports of audible voices at high doses of psilocybin" by Horace Beach, Ph.D. (1996) About 1/3 users of psilocybin have plain language talks with an audible voice of unknown origin. McKenna calls it the "Logos". A Brazilian would call this the "Ori". A city in Colorado (Denver) where he came from just -literally today ( a Jungian synchronicity) legalized magic mushrooms. The "buzzing" McKenna experienced in the jungles of the Amazon and that is also associated with magic mushrooms is not new to me - I used to experience it a lot before 1994. Post 1994 no more. I suppose I integrated it. - "Bee" effigy covered in mushrooms found in a cave hiding a natural spring in the Tassili n'Ajjer ( a national park in the Sahara desert, located on a vast plateau in south-east Algeria.) - That's probably an ancient Negro representation of the "buzzing" . My memory of this buzzing goes back as far as the early 1980's during high school in Ethiopia. According to "Psilocybin, the Mushroom, and Terence McKenna" by Tao Yin " ... Psilocybin is a psychedelic tryptamine compound found in ~200 types of mushrooms worldwide. In a 1998 workshop titled "In The Valley of Novelty," Terence McKenna called it "the phosphorylated form of DMT," and observed that both psilocybin and DMT "particularly seem to impact the language forming portions of the brain, and this produces truly bizarre states of mind, because it's the language forming part of you that's explaining moment to moment what is going on." For McKenna, psilocybin provided "the same confrontation with an alien intelligence and extremely bizarre translinguistic information complexes" as DMT. The psilocybin-containing mushroom McKenna wrote about and discussed most, Stropharia cubensis (later reclassified Psilocybe cubensis), introduced itself to McKenna when he was only ten years old, in an essay titled "Seeking the Magic Mushroom" in the May 13, 1957 edition of LIFE magazine. Terence's brother, Dennis, who was six years old at the time, wrote in The Brotherhood of the Screaming Abyss (2012) that he remembered his older brother "trailing our mother as she did her housework, waving the magazine demanding to know more. But of course she had nothing to add." "Psilocybin and DMT invoke the Logos, although DMT is more intense and more brief in its action. This means that they work directly on the language centers, so that an important aspect of the experience is the interior dialogue. As soon as one discovers this about psilocybin and about tryptamines in general, one must decide whether or not to enter into the dialogue and to try and make sense of the incoming signal. This is what I have attempted." In 1976, the McKenna brothers published a small book that provided "precise, no-fail instructions for growing and preserving the magic mushroom"—Stropharia cubensis—"not only one of the strongest of the hallucinogenic mushrooms, but also one of the most widespread and readily available." Psilocybin: Magic Mushroom Grower's Guide, which was about the size of a contemporary poetry-collection, began with a three-page foreword explaining that, though the methods in the book were scientific, "our opinions about Stropharia cubensis are not." The foreword continued: "Our opinions in this matter do not rest upon the opinions of others nor upon anything written in any book, instead they rest upon the experience of five dried grams of this psilocybin mushroom; at that level a peculiar phenomenon occurs. It is the emergence of an I-Thou relationship between the person taking the psilocybin and the mental state it evokes. Jung calls this "transference" and it was a necessary condition of early and primitive humanity's relationship to its gods and demons. The mushroom speaks, and our opinions rest upon what it tells eloquently of itself in the cool night of the mind." "Space, you see, is a vast ocean to those hardy life forms that have the ability to reproduce from spores, for spores are covered with the hardest organic substance known. Across the aeons of time and space drift many spore-forming life-forms in suspended animation for millions of years until contact is made with a suitable environment." *** Terence McKenna - The Mushroom Speaks - Thats probably the orisha Ogum speaking ... ***
April 30, 2016
by Peter Bergmann
"In answer to your question about the mushroom and its role in human history, I've gone through many changes about this since the mushroom began talking to me since I wrote that forward. I have a manuscript now, which, uh, one of the titles that we toy with for it is: Alien Intelligence and Psilocybin. Although it probably won't be called that, a lot of what it deals with is the fact that post-modern people, which is you and me, are getting in touch with something which the modern worldview cannot handle at all. For modernity, voices in the head are a clear instance of pathology. And, yet, for the Hellenistic world and the post-modern world, voices in the head are a clear, uh, aspect of following the path. And, this was classic before the rise of the forms of reductionist thought that characterize modern thinking. Socrates had a daemon. He mentions it many times. It told him what to say. It helped him with what he should think, and it was commonplace for sages and philosophers of that time to make that kind of claim."
1.
"I asked the mushroom once about the social chaos at the end of history, and the mushroom said: No worry, bro. This is what it's like when a species departs for hyperspace. There's a little shimmy in the landing zone as we take off."
2.
"Uh, somebody once said -- actually, it was the mushroom itself, it wasn't 'somebody' [audience laughs]-- uh, but, somebody, who happened to be a mushroom, once said... uh, what did they say? 'If you're not part of the problem you're part of the solution.' [laughter] No. What was said was, uh, that culture is like the shockwave of eschatology. Nothing...nothing is unannounced... Everything is preceded by the shockwave of its coming."
3.
"The mushroom said to me once, apropos of absolutely nothing, it said: What you call man, we call time.”
4.
"The mushroom said to me once: If you don't have a plan, you become part of somebody else's plan."
5.
"It has many manifestations. Sometimes it's like Dorothy of Oz; sometimes it's like a very Talmudic sort of pawnbroker. I asked it once: 'What are you doing on Earth?' It said: 'Listen, if you're a mushroom, you live cheap; besides, I'm telling you, this was a very nice neighborhood until the monkeys got out of control.'"
6.
"Gordon Wasson, who discovered with his wife Valentina the mushrooms, told a very interesting story in one of his books about how in Mazatecan, the people who are speakers of Mazatecan, when they chant what the mushroom says, they have created a special form for this, which goes like this: 'zabaz zabaz zabaz *tse*' This word 'tse' means 'says.' Daba daba daba *says*, dada dada dada dada *says*....
I didn't know this at the time I took mushrooms the second time, and in my head I heard the mushroom speaking in English, but adding the word "says" to the end of the sentence. So it was almost like, you know, this thing could speak in Mazatec, it could speak in English, but it always kept its cadence and its structure."
7.
"One day, I was just- I think it was during bookkeeping or something very much mundane, the little voice that interrupts every once in a while said that 'A plant teacher is a teacher who has taken the form of a plant.'”
8.
"The mushroom said to me once: Nature loves courage. Nature loves courage, and I said – what’s the payoff on that? It said: It shows you that it loves courage because it will remove obstacles. You make the commitment and nature will respond to that commitment by removing impossible obstacles. Dream the impossible dream and the world will not grind you up. It will lift you up. This is the trick. This is what all these teachers and philosophers, the one’s who really counted, who really touched the alchemical gold – this is what they understood. This is the shamanic dance in the waterfall. This is how magic is done. It’s done by hurling yourself into the abyss and discovering that it’s a feather bed."
9.
"The mushroom said to me once, it said, ‘This is what it’s like when a species prepares to depart for the stars. This is not unusual.’ The earth quakes, the oceans boil, the planet came into existence for this. All life for over a billion years has been pointed toward taking this step, leaving the oceans for the land was dress rehearsal for what will now be done. It’s chilling because it’s so huge. You don’t even know. It’s just enormous. Yet, apparently, when you look back through the history of the universe, this is how it precedes. Incredibly gradually over staggering scales of time but then every once in a while you come around the corner and there it is – a continent sinks, an asteroid impacts, a star explodes, two intelligent species meet somewhere out in the cosmos. These things set ripples going for eons."
*** Not sure most people should consider doing magic mushrooms though ... This can easily turn into the road to schizophrenia. But my first impression was positive - and it was connected to a Jungian synchronicity so it probably means something important. *** (May 9, 2019) Something new: DMT. New to me, but not to the internet. Terence McKenna - DMT is Everything! Here, Terence McKenna describes the world of a synthetic chemical closely related to magic mushrooms called DMT. It is much more powerful than magic mushrooms but lasts only a brief period. McKenna says its like visiting Irish mythology in a literal way. I recognize these guys from my pre 1994 "alien abduction" and lucid dreaming days - the mix of elves and machines. I don't need drugs to go there. - I've been there drug free. Only problem, I was there against my will. I wonder what it must be like as a tourist! According to wikipedia: " ... Entities perceived during DMT inebriation have been represented in diverse forms of psychedelic art.The term machine elf was coined by ethnobotanist Terence McKenna for the entities he encountered in DMT "hyperspace", also using terms like fractal elves, or self-transforming machine elves.McKenna first encountered the "machine elves" after smoking DMT in Berkeley in 1965. His subsequent speculations regarding the hyperdimensional space in which they were encountered, has inspired a great many artists and musicians, and the meaning of DMT entities has been a subject of considerable debate among participants in a networked cultural underground, enthused by McKenna's effusive accounts of DMT hyperspace.Cliff Pickover has also written about the "machine elf" experience, in the book Sex, Drugs, Einstein, & Elves,while Rick Strassman notes many similarities between self-reports of his DMT study participants' encounters with these "entities", and mythological descriptions of figures such as Chayot Ha Kodesh in Ancient religions, including both angels and demons.Strassman also argues for a similarity in his study participants' descriptions of mechanized wheels, gears and machinery in these encounters, with those described in visions of encounters with the Living Creatures and Ophanim of the Hebrew Bible, noting they may stem from a common neuropsychopharmacological experience. ... Hallucinations of strange creatures had been reported by Szara in the Journal of Mental Science (now the British Journal of Psychiatry) (1958) "Dimethyltryptamine Experiments with Psychotics", Stephen Szara described how one of his subjects under the influence of DMT had experienced "strange creatures, dwarves or something" at the beginning of a DMT trip - It's the orisha Ogum , the first primordial, re-energizing itself for the next 2000 years of of human development. The first run was limited to a mostly Negro aristocracy. This round will be more democratic. *** (May 11, 2019) - Technically, Denver has not legalized psilocybin, it has only voted not to enforce the law on the possession of magic mushrooms. According to Michael Pollard in today's New York Times " ... Only a few days ago, millions of Americans probably had never heard of psilocybin, the active agent in psychedelic mushrooms, but thanks to Denver, it is about to get its moment in the political sun. On Tuesday, the city’s voters surprised everyone by narrowly approving a ballot initiative that effectively decriminalizes psilocybin, making its possession, use or personal cultivation a low-priority crime. No one should ever be arrested or go to jail for the possession or cultivation of any kind of mushroom — it would be disingenuous for me to say otherwise, since I have possessed, used and grown psilocybin myself. Like many others, I was inspired to do so by the recent renaissance of research into psychedelics, including psilocybin. This might help explain why the Food and Drug Administration granted “breakthrough therapy” status last year to psilocybin, which promises to speed its consideration as a treatment for depression. But the research also shows that psilocybin may have value for the rest of us: Studies have demonstrated that, properly administered, a psilocybin journey can have enduring, positive effects on the well-being and relative openness of “healthy normals,” as researchers put it. My worry is that ballot initiatives may not be the smartest way to get there. We still have a lot to learn about the immense power and potential risk of these molecules, not to mention the consequences of unrestricted use. It would be a shame if the public is pushed to make premature decisions about psychedelics before the researchers have completed their work. There is, too, the risk of inciting the sort of political backlash that, in the late 1960s, set back research into psychedelics for decades. Think of what we might know now, and the suffering that might have been alleviated, had that research been allowed to continue. *** - Francis Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA on a legal LSD in the pre-prohibition days. I just learned this from Graham Hancock - who claims to have gotten health benefits from Ayahuasca. Hancock also believes DNA which is 97% "junk" code is actually a massive hard drive with info from another planet; - based on deep structure patterns in that "junk" code also found encoded in all human languages. *** I would trip again if I could get high quality Mushrooms. I've never tried them - my one and only trip was LSD in 1989 - last year at UVa. If I did "shrooms" though I would have to be at least 5g - I want to experience the "talking" mushroom. Anything less would be a waste. A general insight: Legba is more important than psychoactive drugs. That's why LSD never caught on - the drugs open the door to the spirit world, but Legba, who is projected onto the lowest of the low - the erect dark skinned African phallus is more important for spiritual growth. My method - hypnagogic sleep - is not easy - and requires a great deal of courage - being "taken" by beings you can feel but not see requires a lot of nerve. I always force myself to wake up before I can get a look at those little guys. I suppose "shrooms" would be the same deal though. Kenya after dark is the technical equivalent of taking "shrooms" - just stepping away from the warm fire at 3am in Karen and hanging out outside in the dark immediately brings on the same feeling of "crossing over" .... Maybe our house is haunted - I don't know about the rest of Kenya ... But why are they "little" people? I've never seen them directly, but often I wake up with a memory of them. They are literally "little" people. They are never far off - for example, when its important that I have to be somewhere they will physically wake me up. Another experience they have given me is the opposite - lost time. Lost time is when my watch - usually a Timex says an hour or 2 have passed, but real time may be much more. This happens very , very often - that's why I stopped wearing watches. My iPhone does not have this problem - its just my 3 mechanical Timex watches. But the iPhone is not immune though - after many morning train trips it will fail to unlock the lime scooter. The time is right, but the phone has no contact with the internet. ... And they mess with me at the pool. Little things like removing my padlock and moving it to another locker. If I can generalize, every time I step into the deep end, they are messing with me. One recurring fantasy is they are from the future - the 24th century is a recurring fantasy ... Wikipedia on Ayahausca: " ... Evidence of Ayahuasca usage dates to at least 1000 C.E., based on discovering in 2010 a bundle containing the residue of ayahuasca ingredients along with other various well-preserved shamanic substances in a cave in southwestern Bolivia. ... People who have consumed ayahuasca report having mystical or religious experiences and spiritual revelations regarding their purpose on earth, the true nature of the universe, and deep insight into how to be the best person they possibly can.This is viewed by many as a spiritual awakening and what is often described as a rebirth. In addition, it is often reported that individuals feel they gain access to higher spiritual dimensions and make contact with various spiritual or extra-dimensional beings who can act as guides or healers. - Possession and/or use of Ayahausca, a major medication, will send you to jail! - (except in Brazil and Peru - and Oakland, California as of June 6, 2019) According to "The Third Wave" January 18, 2017 by Patrick Smith "... AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN TH E US - Legal in Brazil: AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN BRAZIL - AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN CANADA - AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN FRANCE - AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN THE UK - AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN THE NETHERLANDS - AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN CHILE - AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN PERU - AYAHUASCA LEGALITY IN AUSTRALIA *** - Consuming hallucinogenic mushrooms seems to have been at the center of Mayan religious life. See this online paper: Origin of a Mushroom Religion, Soma in the Americas: Religion in the New World Before Columbus By Carl de Borhegyi (2010). Although I disagree with the main thesis that the Mayan shamans received this tradition from Asian shamans. The record suggests that Mayans got it from the Olmecs - who in turn probably inherited it from west Africa. " ... My study was inspired by a theory first proposed over fifty years ago by my father, the late Maya archaeologist Dr. Stephan F. de Borhegyi, that hallucinogenic mushroom rituals were a central aspect of Maya religion. He based this theory on his identification of a mushroom stone cult that came into existence in the Guatemala Highlands and Pacific coastal area around 1000 B.C. along with a trophy head cult associated with human sacrifice and the Mesoamerican ballgame. He supported this theory with a solid body of archaeological and historical evidence. The prevailing anthropological view of ancient New World history is that its indigenous peoples developed their own complex cultures independent of outside influence or inspiration. Any suggestions to the contrary have been generally dismissed as either fanciful, racist, or demeaning. The peoples of the New World, scholars have argued, were fully capable of developing their own civilizations as sophisticated as any found in Asia or the West. Today trans-oceanic contact between the hemispheres is still considered highly unlikely despite the exception of the Viking outpost discovered in Newfoundland in the 1960’s, and the recent awareness that early humans reached far distant Australia by boat as many as 50,000 years ago. After viewing the visual evidence presented below, readers of this study may wish to challenge this view of New World history with a more open-minded acknowledgement of the capability of ancient peoples to explore their environment and disperse their intellectual heritage to its far corners. I have found an abundance of archaeological evidence supporting the proposition that Mesoamerica, the high cultures of South America, and Easter Island shared, along with many other New World cultures, elements of a Pan American belief system so ancient that many of the ideas may have come from Asia to the New World with the first human settlers. I believe the key to this entire belief system lies, as proposed by R. Gordon Wasson, in early man’s discovery of the mind-altering effects of various hallucinatory substances. The accidental ingestion of these hallucinogenic substances could very well have provided the spark that lifted the mind and imagination of these early humans above and beyond the mundane level of daily existence to contemplation of another reality.
My father, who from now on I will now refer to simply as Borhegyi, emigrated to the United States from war-torn Hungary in 1948. Although he had recently graduated with a Ph.D. degree in Egyptology, Classical, and Early Christian archaeology from the Peter Pazmany University in Budapest, he had chosen to open new fields of endeavor for himself in New World archaeology. To his very good fortune, he was taken under the wing of Dr. Alfred Vincent Kidder, one of the great pioneers in New World archaeology. Through Dr. Kidder, and the Carnegie Institution of Washington with which Kidder was affiliated, Borhegyi secured a grant from the Viking Fund (later known as the Wenner-Gren Foundation) to catalog the extensive artifact collections stored in the basement of the Guatemalan National Museum. While at work on these collections he came across a number of small, unprovenanced carved stone effigy figures that resembled mushrooms to such a degree that they were called “mushroom stones.” At the time, however, no one seriously thought that they represented real mushrooms. Some of the small mushroom-shaped sculptures were plain and realistic, others were adorned with human and animal effigies. While only a few had been found in the course of archaeological investigation, there was sufficient evidence on specimens excavated by archaeologists working with the Carnegie Institution of Washington research team to enable Borhegyi to classify and date them typologically. The majority had been found in Guatemala in the highlands or on the Pacific Piedmont–Maya areas along the intercontinental mountain range which were heavily influenced in Preclassic times by the powerful Olmec culture.(Borhegyi, 1957, 1961, 1963).
Borhegyi found the figures so intriguing that he prepared a monograph for submission to the C.I.W.s “Notes on Middle American Archaeology and Ethnology”. Before submitting it, however, he sent it off to be critiqued by archaeologist Gordon Ekholm at the American Museum of Natural History. Ekholm, in turn, showed it to his friend R. Gordon Wasson, an amateur mycologist who was looking for archaeological evidence of ancient hallucinogenic mushroom rites in Mesoamerica. Wasson wrote to Borhegyi and within months the two embarked on what became an intense and fruitful collaboration that lasted until the end of Borhegyi’s tragically short life. Wasson included Borhegyi’s mushroom stone study in his monumental book entitled Mushrooms, Russia and History. In this article Borhegyi identified the existence of an ancient mushroom stone cult that had begun as early as 1000 B.C.E. and which lasted as late as 900 C.E. He noted that many of the mushroom stones, especially those dating between 1000 and 100 C.E. depicted images of toads, as well as snakes, birds, jaguars, monkeys, and humans. The majority of the images appeared to emerge from the stem of the mushroom (Wasson and Wasson, 1957). The historical evidence came to Borhegyi’s attention through his extensive correspondence with Wasson. Wasson pointed him toward reports of ritual use of hallucinogenic mushrooms among the Aztecs in a number of Spanish chronicles written shortly after the Spanish conquest. Wasson also directed him toward reports of the existence of modern-day ritual use of hallucinogenic mushrooms in various parts of Mexico and, in particular, among the Mazatec Indians of Oaxaca. Together, Borhegyi and Wassonsurmised that if the mushroom stones did, indeed, represent a mushroom cult, then the mushroom itself was an iconographic metaphor, and the mushroom stone effigies could supply the clues necessary to decipher their meaning. In the book "Mushrooms, Russia and History", the Wassons reported on the ritual consumption of mushrooms (the Amanita muscaria) among Siberian and northern Asian peoples, suggesting the possible antiquity of the mushroom cult to Stone Age times. According to Wasson… “It can of course be argued that the two great mushroom traditions, that of New World Indians and that of the peoples of Eurasia, are historically unconnected and autonomous, having arisen spontaneously in the two regions from similar requirements of the human psyche and similar environmental opportunities. But are they really unrelated?
“If it is indeed that ancient, it would also help explain why the same motif is found in strikingly similar form in Maya art as well as in shamanic tradition and ritual of other indigenous peoples of the New World”.
” There is little doubt that the substance called Soma in the Rig Veda has been identified as the fungus Amanita Muscaria.” According to Wasson, the term shaman is not native to Mesoamerica or even to the New World but derives from the languages of Siberia. Siberian shamanism incorporates ecstatic trances brought on by a ritual of dance and the inducement of hallucinations, most commonly through the consumption of some hallucinogenic substance. The intention was to open communication directly with the spirit world, often through a form of animal transformation. The worship of animal spirit companions and the concept of human-animal transformation is so ancient, that the origins of these beliefs appear to predate the development of agriculture. Since these beliefs are also present throughout North and South America that they may very well have been brought there by the first hunters and gatherers to reach the New World. We find the first evidences of these shamanistic rituals in Mesoamerica in the art of the ancient Olmecs along with the development of agriculture, food production, and settled village life. Ethno-Mycologist Robert Gordon Wasson…
“In examining these mushroomic artifacts we must keep in mind that they were not made for our enlightenment. They were iconic shorthand summarizing a whole bundle of associations ,–whatever those associations were. The Christian cross is to be found in endless shapes, including the “effigy cross” or crucifix, and all stem back to a complex of emotions, beliefs, and religious longings. The crucifix would reveal to an archaeologist eons hence more than, say, a Maltese cross. So with the mushroom stones, the subject matter of the effigies holds the secret”. According to testimony recorded in 1554 in the Colonial document entitled El Titulo de Totonicapan, the Quiché Maya revered mushroom stones as symbols of power and rulership, and before them they performed rituals (of blood sacrifice)to pierce and cut up their bodies. (Sachse, 2001, 186). ” The lords used these symbols of rule, which came from where the sun rises, to pierce and cut up their bodies (for the blood sacrifice). There were nine mushroom stones for the Ajpop and the Ajpop Q’amja, and in each case four, three, two, and one staffs with the Quetzal’s feathers and green feathers, together with garlands, the Chalchihuites precious stones, with the sagging lower jaw and the bundle of fire for the Temezcal steam bath.” In 1969 my father died in an automobile accident. Wasson, no longer able to continue his fruitful collaboration with Borhegyi on Mesoamerica, continued his earlier studies of mushrooms in East Indian religion and mythology. While by this time many anthropologists and archaeologists had accepted the idea that mushrooms and other hallucinogens were used in ancient Mesoamerica, their use was, in most cases, dismissed as relatively incidental and devoid of deeper significance in the development of Mesoamerican religious ideas and mythology. With a few exceptions, notably the research and writings of ethnoarchaeologist Peter Furst, further inquiry into the subject on the part of archaeologists came to a virtual halt. Fortunately, a few mycologists, most notably Bernard Lowy and Gaston Guzmán, (2002:4; 2009) continued through the years to make important contributions to the scientific literature.To this day the subject remains relatively little known and generally missing from the literature on Mesoamerican archaeology, art history, and iconography ... " Carl de Borhegyi
- Also see: Mushrooms Encoded in Pre-Columbian Art By Carl de Borhegyi (2010) According to Carl de Borhegyi : " ... Above is an Olmec figurine photgraphed by Higinio Gonzalez of Puebla, Mexico. It most likely comes from the San Lorenzo phase of Olmec culture, 1200-400 B.C.E. These infantile baby-faced figurines, many of which depict the symbolism of a snarling jaguar, are a distinctive feature in Olmec art. This figure appears to represent an Olmec baby wearing an Amanita mushroom cap and holding a gigantic Amanita mushroom. According to ethno-mycologist Gastón Guzmán, one of the effects of the Amanita muscaria mushroom experience is to see objects as gigantic in size. (Guzman, 2010). - Olmec or Maya Mushroom Figurine: " ... Above, on the left, is the Amanita muscaria mushroom, and on the right a Maya figurine (300-900 C.E.) photographed by Justin Kerr (K 656a). The figurine wears a headdress inspired by the Amanita muscaria mushroom. Its contorted face depicts the "Olmec snarl", a common motif in Olmec art which I believe represents the mushroom's effect of jaguar transformation and the soul's mythical underworld journey. The figurine holds in its hands a concave mirror. Mirrors were used by shamans to see into the past and future and communicate with ancestors and gods. I believe that in many, if not most cases, this communication was conducted under the influence of mushrooms. ... " Carl de Borhegyi - Female Olmec or Maya ballplayer: " ... The standing female ballplayer figurine shown above wears a helmet and ballgame glove and mushroom-inspired belt. Sacred mushrooms were likely consumed before entering battle and before the ritual ballgame, enhancing one's vision and strength as well as bravery to its wildest levels. The figurine is from the site of Xochipala, Mexico, in the western state of Guerrero, and dates to 1200-900 C.E. It is now in the Princeton University Art Museum. Numerous ballplayer figurines have been found at Xochipala and at such other Preclassic sites as Tlatilco and Tlapacoya in the Valley of Mexico. Borhegyi conjectured that a change in ballgame rituals and a switch from the Olmec influenced "hand ball game" most likely came as a result of the powerful influence of Teotihuacan and newly instituted Quetzalcoatl rites. (Borhegyi 1980: p. 24). For more on ballgame hand stones and ballgame gloves see Borhegyi, 1961: 129-140. (photograph of ballplayer from Whittington, 2001) ... " Carl de Borhegyi -Aztec flower /mushroom prince " ... The Precolumbian figurine above, now in the National Museum in Mexico City, is from Central Mexico and depicts the Aztec god Xochipilli, whose name in Nahuatl, the language of the Aztecs, means "Prince of Flowers." The Aztecs always referred to mushrooms as flowers. Also known as Macuilxochitl, meaning "five flowers", this figurine holds what appears to be an Amanita muscaria mushroom in each hand. According to ethno-archaeologist Irene Nicholson, "flowers symbolize a state of the soul on its journey to full godhood."..."mushrooms were known as 'the flower that makes us drunk'" (Nicholson 1967, p.90). Xochipilli was most likely the patron deity of sacred hallucinogenic plants and the "flowery dream". The headdress of this figurine contains two adornments of five plumes each--a probable reference to what scholars call the "fiveness" of Venus, referring to the five synodic cycles of Venus identified in the Venus Almanac of the Dresden Codex. ... " Carl de Borhegyi *** (Sept 4, 2019) Credit for the modern re-discovery of magic mushrooms should also go to the Indian shaman Maria Sabina who allowed R. Gordon Wasson to attend Mazatec healing ceremonies in Oaxaca , Mexico. According to Wikipedia: " ... María Sabina was the first contemporary Mexican curandera, or native shaman, to allow Westerners to participate in the healing vigil that is known as the velada. All participants in the ritual ingested psilocybin mushroom as a sacrament to open the gates of the mind. The velada is seen as a purification and a communion with the sacred. ... Álvaro Estrada, a fellow Mazatec, recorded her life and work and translated her chants. Estrada's American brother-in-law, Henry Munn, translated many of the chants from Spanish to English, and wrote about the significance of her language. According to Munn, María Sabina brilliantly used themes common to Mazatec and Mesoamerican spiritual traditions, but at the same time was a unique talent, a masterful oral poet, and craftsperson with a profound literary and personal charisma.
Maria Sabina, Wikipedia - Recent photo of mushrooms found on a recent (Sept 1, 2019) afternoon stroll in Washington, DC ; probably Macrolepiota procera, the parasol mushroom. (Sept 10, 2019) The mushrooms were in a circle that had been broken when I found them. I did not know it at the time , but there is a very rich folklore about these rings in Europe - they are also known as "fairy rings" and are surrounded by powerful taboos. According to wikipedia: " ... A fairy ring, also known as fairy circle, elf circle, elf ring or pixie ring, is a naturally occurring ring or arc of mushrooms. The rings may grow to over 10 metres (33 ft) in diameter, and they become stable over time as the fungus grows and seeks food underground. They are found mainly in forested areas, but also appear in grasslands or rangelands. Fairy rings are detectable by sporocarps (fungal spore pods) in rings or arcs, as well as by a necrotic zone (dead grass), or a ring of dark green grass. Fungus mycelium is present in the ring or arc underneath.
Fairy rings are the subject of much folklore and myth worldwide—particularly in Western Europe. While they are often seen as hazardous or dangerous places, they can sometimes be linked with good fortune. A great deal of folklore surrounds fairy rings.Their names in European languages often allude to supernatural origins; they are known as ronds de sorcières ("witches' circles") in French, and Hexenringe ("witches' rings") in German. In German tradition, fairy rings were thought to mark the site of witches' dancing on Walpurgis Night, and Dutch superstition claimed that the circles show where the Devil set his milk churn. In Tyrol, folklore attributed fairy rings to the fiery tails of flying dragons; once a dragon had created such a circle, nothing but toadstools could grow there for seven years. European superstitions routinely warned against entering a fairy ring. French tradition reported that fairy rings were guarded by giant bug-eyed toads that cursed those who violated the circles. In other parts of Europe, entering a fairy ring would result in the loss of an eye. Fairy rings are associated with diminutive spirits in the Philippines. Western European traditions, including English, Scandinavian and Celtic, claimed that fairy rings are the result of elves or fairies dancing. Such ideas dated to at least the mediæval period; The Middle English term elferingewort ("elf-ring"), meaning "a ring of daisies caused by elves' dancing" dates to the 12th century.In his History of the Goths (1628), Olaus Magnus makes this connection, saying that fairy rings are burned into the ground by the dancing of elves. British folklorist Thomas Keightley noted that in Scandinavia in the early 20th century, beliefs persisted that fairy rings (elfdans) arose from the dancing of elves. Keightley warned that while entering an elfdans might allow the interloper to see the elves—although this was not guaranteed—it would also put the intruder in thrall to their illusions. The folklores of Britain and Ireland contain a wealth of fairy lore, including the idea from which fairy rings take their name: the phenomena result from the dancing of fairies.In 19th-century Wales, where the rings are known as cylch y Tylwyth Teg, fairies were almost invariably described as dancing in a group when encountered,and in Scotland and Wales in the late 20th century, stories about fairy rings were still common; some Welshmen even claimed to have joined a fairy dance. Victorian folklorists regarded fairies and witches as related, based in part on the idea that both were believed to dance in circles. These revels are particularly associated with moonlit nights, the rings only becoming visible to mortals the following morning. Local variants add other details. An early 20th-century Irish tradition says that fairies enjoy dancing around the hawthorn tree so that fairy rings often centre on one. One resident of Balquhidder, Scotland, said that the fairies sit on the mushrooms and use them as dinnertables, and a Welsh woman claimed that fairies used the mushrooms as parasols and umbrellas. Olaus Magnus in Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus wrote that the brightness of the fairy ring comes not from the dancing of the fairies, who harm it with their feet, but from Puck, who refreshes the grass. A Devon legend says that a black hen and chickens sometimes appear at dusk in a large fairy ring on the edge of Dartmoor. A Welsh and Manx variant current in the 1960s removes dancing from the picture and claims that fairy rings spring up over an underground fairy village. These associations have become linked to specific sites. For example, "The Pixies' Church" was a rock formation in Dartmoor surrounded by a fairy ring, and a stone circle tops Cader Idris in northern Wales, believed to be a popular spot for fairy dances. Guernsey Fairy Ring is also a popular spot for fairie dancing and known for having evil fairies living there Many folk beliefs generally paint fairy rings as dangerous places, best avoided. Sikes traces these stories of people trespassing into forbidden territory and being punished for it to the tale of Psyche and Eros. In it, Psyche is forbidden to view her lover, and when she does so, her palace disappears and she is left alone.Superstition calls fairy circles sacred and warns against violating them lest the interloper (such as a farmer with a plough) anger the fairies and be cursed.In an Irish legend recorded by Wilde, a farmer builds a barn on a fairy ring despite the protests of his neighbours. He is struck senseless one night, and a local "fairy doctor" breaks the curse. The farmer says that he dreamed that he must destroy the barn. Even collecting dew from the grass or flowers of a fairy ring can bring bad luck. Destroying a fairy ring is unlucky and fruitless; superstition says it will just grow back. Numerous legends focus on mortals entering a fairy ring—and the consequences. One superstition is that anyone who steps into an empty fairy ring will die at a young age.A 20th-century tradition from Somerset calls the fairy ring a "galley-trap" and says that a murderer or thief who walks in the ring will be hanged. Most often, someone who violates a fairy perimeter becomes invisible to mortals outside and may find it impossible to leave the circle. Often, the fairies force the mortal to dance to the point of exhaustion, death, or madness. In Welsh tales, fairies actively try to lure mortals into their circles to dance with them.A tale from the Cambrian Mountains of Wales, current in the 19th century, describes a mortal's encounter with a fairy ring:
... he saw the Tylwyth Teg, in appearance like tiny soldiers, dancing in a ring. He set out for the scene of revelry, and soon drew near the ring where, in a gay company of males and females, they were footing it to the music of the harp. Never had he seen such handsome people, nor any so enchantingly cheerful. They beckoned him with laughing faces to join them as they leaned backward almost falling, whirling round and round with joined hands. Those who were dancing never swerved from the perfect circle; but some were clambering over the old cromlech, and others chasing each other with surprising swiftness and the greatest glee. Still others rode about on small white horses of the most beautiful form ... All this was in silence, for the shepherd could not hear the harps, though he saw them. But now he drew nearer to the circle, and finally ventured to put his foot in the magic ring. The instant he did this, his ears were charmed with strains of the most melodious music he had ever heard.
Entering the ring on May Eve or Halloween night was especially dangerous.One source near Afon fach Blaen y Cae, a tributary of the Dwyfach, tells of a shepherd accidentally disturbing a ring of rushes where fairies are preparing to dance; they capture him and hold him captive, and he even marries one of them. In variants from Scotland recorded by Edwin Sidney Hartland in 1891, the ring is replaced by a cavern or an old mill.
Freedom from a fairy ring often requires outside intervention. A tactic from early 20th-century Wales is to cast wild marjoram and thyme into the circle and befuddle the fairies; another asks the rescuer to touch the victim with iron. Other stories require that the enchanted victim simply be plucked out by someone on the outside, although even this can be difficult: A farmer in a tale from the Llangollen region has to tie a rope around himself and enlist four men to pull him from the circle as he goes in to save his daughter. Other folk methods rely on Christian faith to break the enchantment: a stick from a rowan tree (thought to be the wood from which the cross of Jesus Christ was built) can break the curse,as can a simple phrase such as "what, in Heaven's name", as in a 19th-century tale from Carmarthenshire. A common element to these recoveries is that the rescuer must wait a year and a day from when the victim entered the ring.
Mortals who have danced with the fairies are rarely safe after being saved from their enthrallment. Often, they find that what seemed to be but a brief foray into fairyland was indeed much longer in the mortal realm, possibly weeks or years. The person rescued from the fairy ring may have no memory of their encounter with the sprites, as in a story from Anglesea recorded in 1891.In most tales, the saved interlopers face a grim fate. For example, in a legend from Carmarthenshire, recorded by Sikes, a man is rescued from a fairy ring only to crumble to dust.In a tale from Mathavarn, Llanwrin Parish, a fairy-ring survivor moulders away when he eats his first bite of food.Another vulnerability seems to be iron; in a tale from the Aberystwyth region, a touch from the metal causes a rescued woman to disappear.
Some legends assert that the only safe way to investigate a fairy ring is to run around it nine times. This affords the ability to hear the fairies dancing and frolicking underground. According to a 20th-century tradition of Northumberland, this must be done under a full moon, and the runner must travel in the direction of the sun; to go widdershins allows the fairies to place the runner under their sway. To circle the ring a tenth time is foolhardy and dangerous.Keightley recorded a similar tradition from Northumberland in 1905: "The children constantly run this number [nine times], but nothing will induce them to venture a tenth run."A story from early 20th century England says that a mortal can see the sprites without fear if a friend places a foot on that of the person stepping beyond the circle's perimeter.Another superstition says that wearing a hat backwards can confuse the fairies and prevent them from pulling the wearer into their ring.
Although they have strong associations with doom, some legends paint fairy circles as places of fertility and fortune. Welsh folk belief is that mountain sheep that eat the grass of a fairy ring flourish, and that crops sown from such a place will prove more bountiful than those from normal land. A folk belief recorded in the Athenian Oracle claims that a house built on a fairy circle will bring prosperity to its inhabitants.Likewise, a legend from Pont y Wern says that in the 13th or 14th century, the inhabitants of the town of Corwrion watched fairies dancing in a ring around a glow worm every Sunday after church at a place called Pen y Bonc. They even joined the sprites in their revels. The legend survives in a rhyme: "With the fairies nimbly dancing round / The glow-worm on the Rising Ground." A Welsh tale recorded by Rhys in 1901 tells of a man who supposedly lived on the side of the Berwyn, above Cwm Pennant, in the early 19th century. The man destroyed a nest of rooks in a tree surrounded by a fairy ring. In gratitude, the fairies gave him a half crown every day but stopped when he told his friends, "for he had broken the rule of the fair folks by making their liberality known". Nevertheless, fairy boons are not without their curses, and tales often tell of the sprites exacting their revenge. ... " Wikipedia
I have personally experienced this taboo when working on the subject of mushrooms. For example, as I was taking this photo I was admonished not to pick them by a person I know from work who was passing by with her family. This happened twice from the same woman in the span of 3 hours and was strongly worded. I never have people paying any attention to my photography, and found this very strange. For the most part, I am "invisible " to women like the person who interrupted my photo shoot. The mushrooms suddenly and jarringly made me a visible person. Another example, was when I began to read up on Mayan ritual use of mushrooms. - My laptop suffered a scrubbing hack that erased all data on the hard drive. The folklore of fairy rings and dancing elves and the "wee folk" is not really new to me. I see them in the dream space - only difference is I envision them as a technological race with access to machines that imitate insect behavior, for example. I can also vouch for the dancing and especially , the hyper-sexuality of the fairy race. That's probably where my fascination with the female phallus (futa) comes from. ... On a more general level, there has always been a national security component to mushroom research from the very early days of R. Gordon Wasson and the CIA to active classification of much present day mushroom research. See for example work by Paul Stamets. - He focuses on the antiviral qualities of mushrooms - but also touches on the brain-like nature of underground mushroom mycelium networks. Stamets has had some of his work bottled up by national security concerns. Video - Mushrooms, Mycology of Consciousness - Paul Stamets, EcoFarm Conference Keynote 2017 ***
(Sept 14, 2019) Just received a copy of the once out of print : "The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries by R. Gordon Wasson, Albert Hofmann , et al. (1978)" Gordon Wasson married a Russian in the 1920's and was struck by his wife's joy at finding wild mushrooms during a 1927 walk in rural New York state. She not only picked them against his strong objections, but she also took them home and cooked dinner with them! Mr. Wasson skipped that meal, but immediately launched into an investigation as to why Russians did not share the western phobia of mushrooms. Together with his wife, he spent more than 30 years collecting folk tales of mushroom use around the world. Initially this was restricted to the "Indo -European" peoples. The couple was not interested in stories out of Africa or the native American world. However this changed after he discovered a living mushroom religious ritual in the remote mountains of Mexico and was able to participate in a mushroom ritual that provided a first class mystical experience for him. From here he went on to conjecture that the great mystery of Eleusis in ancient Greece was mushroom derived.
Reading Wasson I was surprised that the abductors of Persephone to the underworld were from Nysa. Wasson does not do Africa by his own admission. He's strictly Indo-European. But Nysa is African! So what was going on there? " ... So much has been written about the Eleusinian Mysteries and for so long a time that a word is needed to justify this presentation of three papers dealing with them. For close to 2,000 years the Mystery was performed every year (except one) for carefully screened initiates in our month of September. Everyone speaking the Greek language was free to present himself, except only those who had the unexpiated blood of a murdered man on their hands. The initiates lived through the night in the telesterion of Eleusis, under the leadership of the two hierophantic families, the Eumolpids and the Kerykes, and they would come away all wonderstruck by what they had lived through: according to some, they were never the same as before. The testimony about that night of awe-inspiring experience is unanimous and Sophocles speaks for the initiates when he says: Thrice happy are those of mortals, who having seen those rites depart for Hades; for to them alone is granted to have a true life there. For the rest, all there is evil. Yet up to now no one has known what justifies utterances such as this, and there are many like it. Here lies for us the mystery of the Eleusinian Mysteries. To this mystery we three have applied ourselves and believe we have found the solution, close to 2,000 years after the last performance of the rite and some 4,000 years since the first. The first three chapters of this book were read by the respective authors as papers before the Second International Conference on Hallucinogenic Mushrooms held on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington, on Friday, 28 October 1977. - Wasson then goes on to theorize that the use of magic mushrooms was the cause of the sacred vision at Eleusis However, reading his descriptions the image that comes out to me is straight out of "She" - the subterranean "pillar of fire" or what I call the fiery female phallus! " ... Each year new candidates for initiation would walk that Sacred Road, people of all classes, emperors and prostitutes, slaves and freemen, an annual celebration that was to last for upwards of a millennium and a half until the pagan religion finally succumbed to the intense hatred and rivalry of a newer sect, the recently legitimized Christians in the fourth century of our era. The only requirement, beyond a knowledge of the Greek language, was the price of the sacrificial pig and the fees of the various priests and guides, a little more than a month's wages, plus the expense of the stay in Athens. Every step of the way recalled some aspect of an ancient myth that told how the Earth Mother, the goddess Demeter, had lost her only daughter, the maiden Persephone, abducted as she gathered flowers by her bridegroom, who was Hades or the lord of death. The pilgrims called upon Iakchos as they walked. It was he who was thought to lead them on their way: through him, they would summon back the queen Persephone into the realm of the living. When at last they arrived at Eleusis, they danced far into the night beside the well where originally the mother had mourned for her lost Persephone. As they danced in honor of those sacred two goddesses and of their mysterious consort Dionysus, the god of inebriants, the stars and the moon and the daughters of Ocean would seem to join in their exultation. Then they passed through the gates of the fortress walls, beyond which, shielded from profane view, was enacted the great Mystery of Eleusis. It was called a mystery because no one, under pain of death, could reveal what happened within the sanctuary. My colleagues and I, working from hints in numerous sources, have ventured to go beyond that forbidden gate.
Ancient writers unanimously indicate that something was seen in the great telesterion or initiation hall within the sanctuary. To say so much was not prohibited. The experience was a vision whereby the pilgrim became someone who saw, an epoptes. The hall, however, as can now be reconstructed from archaeological remains, was totally unsuited for theatrical performances; nor do the epigraphically extant account books for the sanctuary record any expenditures for actors or stage apparatus. What was witnessed there was no play by actors, but phasmata, ghostly apparitions, in particular, the spirit of Persephone herself, returned from the dead with her new-born son, conceived in the land of death. The Greeks were sophisticated about drama and it is highly unlikely that they could have been duped by some kind of theatrical trick, especially since it is people as intelligent as the poet Pindar and the tragedian Sophocles who have testified to the overwhelming value of what was seen at Eleusis.
There were physical symptoms, moreover, that accompanied the vision: fear and a trembling in the limbs, vertigo, nausea, and a cold sweat. Then there came the vision, a sight amidst an aura of brilliant light that suddenly flickered through the darkened chamber. Eyes had never before seen the like, and apart from the formal prohibition against telling of what had happened, the experience itself was incommunicable, for there are no words adequate to the task. Even a poet could only say that he had seen the beginning and the end of life and known that they were one, something given by god. The division between earth and sky melted into a pillar of light. ... " The Road To Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries by R. Gordon Wasson (1978)
- Unknown 1871 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1872 Quitaria Chagas - Musa, Imperio Serrano (2005) - Unknown 1873 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1874 Cinthia Santos - Rainha de bateria, Águia de Ouro (2015) - Unknown 1875 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2014) - Unknown 1876 Dani Sperle - Musa, Mocidade (2010) - Unknown 1877 Gracyanne Barbosa - ensaio da X-9 Paulistana (2016) - Unknown 1878 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1879 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 1880 Andressa Urach - Madrinha de bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2014) - Unknown 1882- Renata Pinheiro - Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2015) - Unknown 1883 Tiazinha Suzana Alves - Gaviões da Fiel - Unknown 1884 Tiazinha Suzana Alves - Gaviões da Fiel - Unknown 1885 Valeria Valenssa - Madrinha da bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2005) - Unknown 1886 Valeria Valenssa - Madrinha da bateria, Leandro de Itaquera (2006) - Unknown 1887 Tiazinha Suzana Alves - Gaviões da Fiel - Unknown 1888 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2011) - Unknown 1889 Dani Serle - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 1890 Valesca Popozuda - Musa, Salgueiro (2011) - Unknown 1891 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1892 Juju Salimeni - rainha de bateria da X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1893 Fabiana Andrade - Rainha da escola de samba Império Serrano (2006) - Unknown 1894 More Namio Harukawa "serving the deva" - Unknown 1895 Andreia Martins - as cyborg? - Female Ogun or Gu - or the "Borg" in star trek - Unknown 1896 Andreia Martins - musa do corpo pintado da Unidos de Padre Miguel (2019) - Unknown 1897 Andreia Martins - musa do corpo pintado da Unidos de Padre Miguel (2019) - Unknown 1898- Renata Pinheiro - Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2015) - Unknown 1899 Andreia Martins - Unknown 1900 Elaine, Valeria & Claudia Valenssa (2001) - Unknown 1901 Tuane Rocha - Musa, Rocinha (2017) - Unknown 1902 Carla Prata - Musa é rainha da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2014) - Unknown 1903 Carla Prata - Musa é rainha da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2014) - Unknown 1904 Carla Prata - Musa é rainha da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2014) - Unknown 1905 Carla Prata - Musa é rainha da Acadêmicos da Rocinha (2014) - Unknown 1906 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1909 (Gavioes) - Unknown 1910 Juju Salimeni - Musa, Mancha Verde, (2011) - Unknown 1911 passista (Viradouro) - Unknown 1912 Alexandra Ricette - Musa, Mangueira (2017) - Unknown 1913 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1914 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1915 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1916 Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 1917 Viviane Araújo - Rainha de bateria, Salgueiro (2011) - Unknown 1919 Viviane Castro - Musa, X-9 Paulistana (2009) - Unknown 1920 MC Maysa - Rainha da ala dos passistas, Porto da Pedra (2010) *** - Video of "Sarcophagus with the Triumph of Dionysus" at the Walters Gallery of Art, Baltimore. - Those are grand altars. You can feel it. Attic Rome - hidden away where nobody will find them. The Walters recently added a Gandhara Buddha c. 300 AD just as you enter the room with the sarcophagi and try to tie the two up. - The fusion of Ionic Greek and the Buddhist world. Or the Aryan world. : " ... Gandhara, a region in northwestern Pakistan, was conquered by the Greek king of Macedon, Alexander the Great, in 330 BCE. The conquest introduced Greco-Roman political and cultural ways of life, which were maintained and developed in the region by succeeding kings. Gandhara prospered from its proximity to land and sea routes that made the region a trading hub between Persia, Central Asia, China, and Africa. This Buddha’s wavy hair, his muscular arm, and the undulating folds of his robe reflect the artistic conventions of the Greco-Roman world. Specific characteristics of the Buddha’s body that signal his heightened wisdom include his cranial protuberance ("ushnisha"), the dot between his eyes ("urna"), and his elongated earlobes. ... " Walters Gallery I think a better association is with the lady opening her skirt to reveal a penis - a hermaphrodite or "Hermaphroditus" just before the Greco-Indian Buddha. The Freer Gallery in Washington , DC also has Persian images of Dionysus with female breasts. The explanation is garbled though : he's "self sufficient". " .... Hermaphroditus was a half-male, half-female deity who was the child of the messenger-god Hermes and Aphrodite, goddess of love. A favorite subject of Hellenistic and Roman artists, he was depicted with breasts, male genitals, and a voluptuous body. Images of Hermaphroditus were placed in gymnasia, baths, theaters, and homes. The small size of this example suggests that it was made as a decorative object or for a household shrine. ... " Walters Gallery - Walters Hermaphroditus photo Dionysus is "twice born" as is revealed at the top of the right hand artifact. First from a mortal woman, then from the thigh of a seated Zeus. - Like all Ostriches and probably all birds and dragons are twice born - laid by the mother and and hatched by the father. Also find this image in Mithraism. Stage 2 is male "bride" of the sun although many times the modern translation is "bridegroom". It's really male "bride". The Gandhara Buddha at the Walters leads us to the Aryans, but the better core of this is probably Negro - specifically Egyptian. At the center of most grand Egyptian pyramids is one of these massive chests. It's a coffin yes, but there is probably another meaning - a death and resurrection cult. - Sarcophagus-in-Labyrinth image from the cover of Rick Riordan' s "The Battle of the Labyrinth" (Percy Jackson and the Olympians, Book 4) *** - (June 17, 2019) My 1994 psychological "grounding" was coincidental with comet Shoemaker - Levy smashing into Jupiter - July 16 to 21, 1994. That's how violent it felt to me at the time. - Like an inner volcano had erupted. However, once I stopped fighting and surrendered to the experience, the way the comet surrendered to the gravity of Jupiter, I entered a form of equipoise and my "inner noise" vanished to a deep and sustained silence. Also my vision cleared up considerably with the still incredible ability of staring at the sun at noon with no ill-effects. - It seems my "inner eye" opened up in the summer of 1994. - So I suppose, I experienced a "second birth" from the thigh of Zeus - or Jupiter. ... Similar to the world of the Roman Sarcophagi. - Its a still unfolding experience, but I can corroborate many experiences that Terence McKenna has reported - like occasionally feeling what Jung would describe as exteriorized libido - physical action at a distance when the unconscious is doing its thing. ... *** - 2nd Video of Sarcophagus room at the Walters Gallery of Art, Baltimore. - Herodotus' Egyptian labyrinth was probably the direct inspiration of this 2nd century AD Roman - or more accurately Pyringian marble Sarcophagus culture ... " ... In Greek mythology, the Labyrinth was an elaborate, confusing structure designed and built by the legendary artificer Daedalus for King Minos of Crete at Knossos. Its function was to hold the Minotaur, the monster eventually killed by the hero Theseus. Daedalus had so cunningly made the Labyrinth that he could barely escape it after he built it. ... "Wikipedia - Garland Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery - Garland Sarcophagus - 2, Walters Gallery (color by Google Photos) - Garland Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery link: " ... Unlike many sarcophagi, this one is carved on all four sides in high relief. Garlands held by winged goddesses or personifications on the corners and Eros (Cupid) figures on the sides support the busts of a crowned deity (left) and a young girl (right). The sarcophagus was probably intended for her. In the center, on both the front and back, is a theatrical mask-on this side Tragedy, on the other, Comedy. Medusa heads decorate the ends. The lid takes the form of a temple roof with a pediment (triangular gable) at each end. This sarcophagus can be traced to a particular workshop active near the ancient quarry of Dokimeion in Phrygia in Asia Minor. Its discovery in Rome illustrates the long-distance trade in even very large, heavy luxury goods that took place at the height of the Roman Empire. ... " - Childhood Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery - Childhood Sarcophagus - 2, Walters Gallery - Childhood Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery link: " ... This sarcophagus, also called the "Childhood Sarcophagus," depicts the birth of the god Dionysus (the Roman Bacchus) in exquisitely detailed high relief. At the left, the newborn god is nursed by a nymph and surrounded by Silenus-his future teacher-and other attendants, including one preparing a basin for the child's first bath. A panther cub, the god's favorite animal, is seated on the ground. To the right, satyrs and maenads, including a drunken old man, celebrate the god's birth. On the lid, satyrs and maenads-followers of the wine god-feast at a banquet. On the sides of the lid, Dionysus's panther drinks from an overturned wine vessel. The coffin is small, as if made for a child rather than for an adult. ... " - Castor Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery - Castor Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery link: " ... Depicted in high relief, the twins Castor and Pollux, known as the Dioscuri ("sons of Zeus"), abducted and later married the daughters of King Leucippus. Here, the brothers seize the maidens amid a scene of confusion. On the ends, the Dioscuri carry off the women in their chariots. The Romans believed that the abduction of these mortal women by the twins represented the transition of the deceased from the human realm to that of the divine immortals. The violence of the front scene is echoed by the figures on the lid, where Victories sacrifice bulls on either side of a vase-like cult object. Large satyr heads flank the scene, as they do on several of the other sarcophagi displayed here. ... " - Griffin Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery - Griffin Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery link " ... "Carved in relief on this sarcophagus, panther-griffins face one another, each raising a paw towards a central vase-like object used in the cult of Dionysus Sabazius. The motif is well known from imperial temples, where it appears as a symbol of deification and ascension to heaven. This imperial allusion reflects the high aspirations of the family to whom the tomb belongs. Along the lid, Eros figures ride fantastical sea-creatures." Walters Gallery - Victory Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery - Victory Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery link " ... The scene on the front of this sarcophagus, carved in high relief, shows two figures of Victory holding standards and flanking a large shield decorated with a Gorgon's head. As is typical in Roman illustrations of triumphs, figures representing vanquished barbarian prisoners are seated below the central shield. Both prisoners are female; the one on the right appears lost in grief, while the figure on the left sits proudly with her head raised. Towards the corners, large Eros figures carry garlands of laurel. Across the front of the lid, winged Eros figures imitate the central scene below, while others erect a trophy from captured armor. The symbolism of the whole celebrates the victory of life over death. ... " Walters Gallery
- Triumph of Dionysus Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery - Triumph of Dionysus Sarcophagus - 2, Walters Gallery - Triumph of Dionysus Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery link " ... "Carved in high relief, Dionysus approaches the sleeping Ariadne on the island of Naxos where Theseus, whom she had rescued from the Minotaur's labyrinth, had abandoned her. He is surrounded by his attendants, including satyrs, maenads, and multiple figures of the half-man, half-goat deity Pan. To the right, beside the sea (indicated by waves and a small dolphin below), Ariadne lies with her head in the lap of Thanatos, god of death. Eros draws Dionysus (panther at his feet) towards the maiden, who will be released from her death-like state and marry him. Dionysus's ability to overcome death makes this appropriate imagery for a sarcophagus. Although the faces of Dionysus and the satyr to his left have unfortunately been destroyed, the brilliance of the carving, the tall, thin proportions of the figures, and the complexity of the composition reveal this work as a masterpiece of the late 2nd century. Like several of the other sarcophagi here, this example is large enough to accommodate the burial of a married couple. The lid, depicting Eros figures participating in the wine harvest, is a later addition." - Pilgrimage to India Sarcophagus, Walters Gallery
- Unknown 1921 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1922 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1923 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1924 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1925 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1926 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1927 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1928 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) ensaio technico - Unknown 1929 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) ensaio technico - Unknown 1930 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2017) - Unknown 1931 Simone Sampaio (2010) - Unknown 1932 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1933 Cacau Colucci - musa, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1934 Thais Palmares - Unknown 1935 Quitéria Chagas - Rainha de Bateria, Império Serrano (2012) - Unknown 1937 Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2011) - Unknown 1938 Camila Silva - musa da Portela (2014) - Unknown 1939 Viviane Araújo, destaque da Vila Isabel (2000) - Unknown 1940 Sabrina Sato - Rainha absoluta do Carnaval (2016) - Unknown 1941 Viviane Castro - Musa, São Clemente (2008) - Unknown 1942 MC Maysa - Rainha da ala dos passistas, Porto da Pedra (2010) - Unknown 1944 Valéria Valenssa - Globeleza (2001) - Unknown 1946 Adriana Bombom - Musa, Salgueiro (2012) - Unknown 1947 Cris Vianna - Rainha de bateria, Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2015) - Unknown 1948 Ana Paula Evangelista - Musa, Unidos da Tijuca (2014) - Unknown 1949 Fabi Frota - Musa, Porto da Pedra (2012) - Unknown 1950 (2014) - Unknown 1951 Valeria Valenssa - Madrinha da bateria, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2005) - Unknown 1953 Raíssa Machado - Rainha de bateria, Viradouro (2016) - Unknown 1954 Raíssa Machado - Rainha de bateria, Viradouro (2016) - Unknown 1955 Raíssa Machado - Rainha de bateria, Viradouro (2016) - Unknown 1956 Raíssa Machado - Rainha de bateria, Viradouro (2016) - Unknown 1957 Bianca Salgueiro – Musa do Salgueiro (2015) - Unknown 1958 Bianca Salgueiro – Musa do Salgueiro (2015) - Unknown 1959 Bianca Salgueiro – Musa do Salgueiro (2015) - Unknown 1960 Bianca Salgueiro – Musa do Salgueiro (2015) - Unknown 1961Bianca Salgueiro – Musa do Salgueiro (2015) - Unknown 1962 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Unknown 1963 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Unknown 1964 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2019) - Unknown 1965 Luana Bandeira - musa, Viradouro (2018) - Unknown 1966 Luana Bandeira - musa, Viradouro (2018) - Unknown 1967 Luana Bandeira - Rainha da Estácio de Sá (2017) - Unknown 1969 Luana Bandeira - Rainha da Estácio de Sá (2017) - Unknown 1970 Luana Bandeira - Jorge Abreu Art "É do Ouro de oxum que é feito a armadura que protege meu corpo ! " - The gold of Oxum is the armour that protects my body! - Unknown 1971 Luana Bandeira - Jorge Abreu Art - Unknown 1972 Luana Bandeira - musa, Viradouro (2019) - Unknown 1973 Luana Bandeira - Jorge Abreu Art - Unknown 1974 Luana Bandeira as Oxum - Unknown 1975 Luana Bandeira - musa, Viradouro (2019) - Unknown 1976 Luana Bandeira - musa, Viradouro (2019) - Unknown 1977 Luana Bandeira - musa, Viradouro (2019) - Unknown 1978 Luana Bandeira - Rainha da Estácio de Sá (2017) - Unknown 1979 Evelyn Bastos - Rainha de bateria da Mangueria (2018) - Unknown 1980 Bianca Monteiro - rainha de bateria da Portela (2017) - Unknown 1982 Tarini Lopes - rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2017) - (As Oxum) - Unknown 1983 Tarini Lopes - rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2017) - Unknown 1984 Tarini Lopes - rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2017) - Unknown 1985 Tarini Lopes - rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2017) - Unknown 1986 Tarini Lopes - rainha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2017) - Unknown 1987 Tarini Lopes - Madrinha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1988 Tarini Lopes - Madrinha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1989 Tarini Lopes - Madrinha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1990 Tarini Lopes - Madrinha de bateria, X-9 Paulistana (2019) - Unknown 1991 Gracyanne Barbosa - Rainha de bateria da União da Ilha (2019) - Unknown 1992 Zhora the replicant (Joanna Cassidy) as Salome the snake charmer in "Blade Runner" (1982). The snake dancer image is the male "anima" or "inner sun". (RIP Rutger Hauer) - Unknown 1993 Debra Paget as Seetha, a temple dancer accused of offending a goddess in Fritz Lang's "The Indian Tomb" (1959). A priest tells her she has to dance for the goddess to gain her forgiveness. - Unknown 1994 Debra Paget as Seetha, a temple dancer accused of offending a goddess in Fritz Lang's "The Indian Tomb" (1959). A priest tells her she has to dance for the goddess to gain her forgiveness. - Unknown 1996 Simone Sampaio - rainha de bateria, Dragões da Real (2019) - Unknown 1997 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) "Guerreira Africana" "African warrior " Voted best Rio Musa of 2019 "melhor musa do carnaval do Rio de Janeiro" & “How Much is a Life Worth? - Slave Market ” parade. Dahomey amazon slave seller? It could also be the spirit of "She" escorting her slaves to her new kingdom - Brazil. - And those seem to be happy "slaves" ! The notion of "happy slave" still exists in Islam - for example "Abdullah" is really "Abd" or slave of Allah. This probably originally meant a happy slave of "She" - or Saba of the Sabaeans though. "She" is not really the queen, she's more the king of her kingdom - just as the Dahomey amazons considered themselves - through the phallic Legba - to be the equals of men. Really though, the Dahomey Amazons were superior to men. Just as Japanese Futa are a separate category to men or women. Futa are the "bulls" of the futa universe and the direct representatives of the creator goddess. Something like this used to be worshiped by the Luo of Lake Victoria: the Nyar gero serpent goddess/dragon ... - Unknown 1998 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 1999 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2000 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2001 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2002 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2003 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2004 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2005 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2006 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2007 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2008 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2009 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2010 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2011 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2012 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2013 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2014 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2015 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2016 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2017 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2018 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2019 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2020 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2021 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2022 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2023 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) . " Voa tiê, tucano e arara - From Ketula Mello Fã Clube "Fly tanager, toucan and macaw
I also want to see the quero-quero painted The drums resounded; it was a ritual of faith For the king of Dahomey For the king of Dahomey " - Unknown 2024 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2025 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2026 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2027 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2028 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2029 Natália Nascimento, Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2030 Ketula Mello & Natália Nascimento - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2031 Pâmella Gomes - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) " ... Pâmella Gomes stole the scene and the public's gaze as she crossed the Marquis de Sapucai dressed as an Indian ... When talking about it, the muse said she was shy at first ... “For the first ten minutes I was afraid, I was covering my breasts with my hair, but I didn't see glances at me, judging. And a lot of people ... praised me saying that I really looked like an Indian ... To the newspaper Extra, the dancer said that she embodied the character proposed by the carnival, and had to gather a lot of courage to parade with her breasts showing: “ Imperatriz proposed that I be an Indian with her breasts showing ... . Afterwards, the director thanked me for respecting the original fantasy design. I needed a lot of courage, but I thought it was very beautiful and nothing blatant ... " Voz da Bahia - Unknown 2032 Pâmella Gomes - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2033 Natália Nascimento, Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2034 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2035 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 2036 Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2007) - Unknown 2037 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2038 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2039 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2043 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 2044 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2045 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2046 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2019) - Unknown 2047 Guerreiras de Iansã no 'Ritual do Entardecer' - Portela (2019) - Unknown 2048 Ketula Mello - Musa - Imperatriz Leopoldinense (2018) - Unknown 2049 Tati Minerato - Rainha da bateria da Gavioes (2017) - Unknown 2050 Princesa do Carnaval - Unknown 2051 Princesa do Carnaval - Unknown 2052 Thatiana Pagung - Unknown 2053 Thatiana Pagung - Rainha da bateria, Mocidade (2009) - Unknown 2054 Thatiana Pagung - Rainha da bateria, Mocidade (2010) - Unknown 2055 Thatiana Pagung - Mocidade - Unknown 2056 Thatiana Pagung (Aug 19, 2019) Just saw a video of a traditional parade held in a part of Yoruba - land: Ojude Oba festival It has similarities with Samba - except it has a Muslim flavor with most of the traditional princes professing their ties to Islam ... " ...Ojude Oba is a Yoruba festival held in Ijebu Ode, a town in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. It is held annually the third day after Eid al-Kabir. The festival began over 100 years ago. Today, the festival is usually attended by over 250000 people across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The festival is often sponsored by the incumbent Awujale, the people of Ijebu-Ode, individuals and corporate organizations. ... " Wikipedia From speaking to a regular Yoruba cab driver in the U.S.. who happens to be Christian , it seems clear that knowledge of Brazilian Samba in Nigeria is non-existent. What matters though is the religion of the traditional rulers of the tribe, and in the case of the Yoruba - this seems to be Islam ... A form of Islam was probably inherited by the Yoruba kings by the Queen moremi conquest of Yorubland in the 12th century AD. - Probably an islamized version of the queen of Sheba cult. " ... Awujale is the royal title of the king of Ijebu Kingdom. The holder is addressed as the Awujale of Ijebuland.The present Awujale is Oba Sikiru Kayode Adetona Ogbagba II. He is from the Anikinaiya Ruling House. ... Ijebu (also known as Jebu or Geebu) was a Yoruba kingdom in pre-colonial Nigeria. It was formed around the fifteenth century. According to legend, its ruling dynasty was founded by Obanta of Ile-Ife. The state rose in power in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries mainly due to its important position on the trade routes between Lagos and Ibadan. The kingdom imposed sharp limits on trade insisting that all trade through the region be conducted by Ijebu merchants. The monopoly brought great wealth to the kingdom, but also annoyed Europeans. - Unknown 2057 Acadamicos do Cubango (2016) The theme of the parade was aquatic: mermaids, seahorses and sea monsters. The orisha mentioned was Olokun: " ... Olokun is believed to be the parent of Aje, the orisha of great wealth and of the bottom of the ocean. Olokun is revered as the ruler of all bodies of water and for the authority over other water deities. Olokun is highly praised for her or his ability to give great wealth, health and prosperity to her or his followers. Communities in both West Africa and the African diaspora view Olokun variously as female, male, or androgynous ... In the Candomblé religion of Brazil, Olokun is venerated as the mother of Yemoja and the owner of the sea. She is recognized in Candomblé terreiros, but not during celebrations. In this respect, Olokun is similar to Odudua and Orunmilá; they held great importance in West Africa but play a minor role in Afro-Brazilian religion. There are no xirê chants dedicated to Olokun as with other orixás. Candomblé initiates recognize the divinity of Olokun but do not hold her as a personal deity. The veneration of Olokun has been revived in the late 20th and early 21st century through visits to Brazil by West African priests.
Olokun is celebrated during the Festival of Yemoja (Festa de Iemanjá). ... Olokun is an orisha in the religion of Santería. Olokun is an androgynous orisha, meaning Olokun is a man and a woman, depending on if it is the Olokun of Ifá, or the Olokun of Ocha. ... According to The Book Of Ifá, Olokun became enraged and rose to the surface. As Olokun did this to drown the humans, the orishas went to Orunmila to ask him what to do. Orunmila told them that Ogun needed to create the longest chain he can possibly create. It was ultimately Obatala who had the responsibility of imprisoning Olokun in her/his domain. Knowing this, Obatala went to Ogun and asked him to make the longest chain he had ever made, and so he did. Obatala then went down into the ocean and trapped Olokun with the chain. ... " Wikipedia Sounds like a futa to me! The seahorses probably confirm this ... Female seahorses have a penis and impregnate male seahorses. .... This is a new orisha being experienced in west Africa. This also probably ties in to the exit of "She" from Nigeria. The female with a penis represents a drowning hazard to mainstream Yoruba who seem to have reverted to Obatala worship. - Unknown 2058 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 2059 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 2060 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 2061 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 2062 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 2063 Musa - Tucuruvi - Unknown 2064 Musa - Tucuruvi - Unknown 2065 Musa - União da Ilha (2012) - Unknown 2066 Jéssica Pimentinha, Musa - União da Ilha (2012) - Unknown 2067 More Namio Harukawa "serving the Deva" Are there male/male "serving the devas"? I have not seen them, but thats probably the gay coupling. Female/female is probably the original futa or lesbian coupling. Greek goddess' like Athena seem to have no sexual interest in men. The images on the Internet for Olokun seem gay. But I have not seen that in the dream space. I think the Cubango (2016) mermaid model is probably closer to the mark. (Aug 21, 2019) - The chain Ogun made for Obatala to imprison Olokun in the sea can also be read as the transatlantic slave trade. The shear magnitude of this event cries out for supernatural causes! - Unknown 2068 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) " ... Acadêmicos do Cubango entered the Marquês de Sapucaí ... at dawn on Sunday ... In the school's wing car - dubbed "the great sea serpent and Neptune's palace" - several members showed their full breasts.
With the storyline 'A fantasy sea bath' - in honor of water - Cubango closed the Rio Carnival Series A parades and was approved by the public.... " ego.globo - Unknown 2069 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 2070 Fabia Borges - Rainha de Bateria, Unidos da Tijuca (2004) - Unknown 2071 Dani Sperle - Musa, Tom Maior (2011) - Unknown 2072 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) (August 22, 2019) I just discovered another African water spirit: Nyami Nyami - the mighty dragon of the Zambezi river in central Africa. I discovered him when watching a documentary of Rhodesia. Apparently the builders of the Kariba dam on the Zambezi between Rhodesia and Zambia suffered dam collapse from an extremely rare cyclone that washed all their work away , killing several workers. Eventually they discovered from the local community that the spirit of the river was against their dam: " ... The Nyami Nyami, otherwise known as the Zambezi River God or Zambezi Snake spirit, is one of the most important gods of the Tonga people. Nyami Nyami is believed to protect the Tonga people and give them sustenance in difficult times. The River God is usually portrayed as male. This little known episode is probably why I have never heard of the Kariba dam, which is supposedly the largest dam in the world. It may also be why Rhodesia no longer exists ... " ... The Kariba Dam project was planned by the government of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, or Central African Federation (CAF). The CAF was a semi-independent state within the Commonwealth in southern Africa that existed from 1953 to the end of 1963, comprising the former self-governing British colonies of Northern Rhodesia and Southern Rhodesia and the former British protectorate of Nyasaland. Northern Rhodesia had decided earlier in 1953 (before the Federation was founded) to build a dam within its territory, on the Kafue River, a major tributary of the Zambezi. It would have been closer to Zambia's Copperbelt, which was in need of more power. This would have been a cheaper and less grandiose project, with a smaller environmental impact. Southern Rhodesia, the richest of the three, objected to a Kafue dam and insisted that the dam be sited instead at Kariba. Also, the capacity of the Kafue dam was much lower than that at Kariba. Initially the dam was managed and maintained by the Central African Power Corporation. The Kariba Dam is now owned and operated by the Zambezi River Authority, which is jointly and equally owned by Zimbabwe and Zambia. ... " Wikipedia - A recurring fantasy here is "Zombies of the Zambezi" - As recently as the 1950's this part of the world was on a better economic footing than many other parts of the British empire like Singapore and Hong Kong which today have first world economies. The world of Cecil Rhodes was once the epitome of "Rule Britannia." - Unknown 2073 Acadêmicos do Cubango (2016) - Unknown 2074 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 2075 Graciella Carvalho - Musa, Acadêmicos do Tucuruvi (2012) - Unknown 2076 Tati Minerato - Rainha de Bateria da Gaviões da Fiel - Ensaio Técnico (2018) - Unknown 2077 Tati Minerato - Rainha de Bateria da Gaviões da Fiel - Ensaio Técnico (2018) - Unknown 2078 Tati Minerato - Rainha de Bateria da Gaviões da Fiel - Ensaio Técnico (2018) - Unknown 2079 Tati Minerato - Rainha de Bateria da Gaviões da Fiel - Ensaio Técnico (2018) - Unknown 2080 Paula & Tati Minerato - Gaviões da Fiel - Ensaio Técnico (2018) - Unknown 2081 Paula Minerato - Unknown 2082 Paula Minerato - Unknown 2083 Tati Minerato - Rainha de Bateria da Gaviões da Fiel (2012) - Unknown 2084 Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 2085 Elaine de Abreu - Musa, Rosas de Ouro (2016) - Unknown 2086 Fabi Frota - Rainha de bateria, Imperador do Ipiranga (2014) - Unknown 2087 Fabi Frota - Rainha de bateria, Imperador do Ipiranga (2014) - Unknown 2088 Fabi Frota - Rainha de bateria, Imperador do Ipiranga (2014) - Unknown 2089 Fabi Frota - Musa, Gaviões da Fiel (2014) - Unknown 2091 More Dmitrys - That's the female Legba. Or the female in heat (ovulation). I was reading an article in the New York Times that calls for an end to the American practice of spaying and neutering dogs. "Dogs Are Not Here for Our Convenience: Spaying and neutering puppies shouldn’t be standard policy — and it isn’t automatically the “responsible” choice either." By Alexandra Horowitz, Sept. 3, 2019 This act of convenience is supposed to reduce aggressive behavior in pets, but is illegal in many European countries like Switzerland and Norway. From personal experience at work, dogs can still be pretty aggressive even after the cut. There is no need for it - and the same thing goes for humans. Technically, Norway and Switzerland only restrict inhumane neutering and spaying, but there is a larger point here that applies to humans as well. Eros reduces aggression - it's the opposite of the stated purpose of this operation. And more importantly eros with or without a partner, at its' more exotic depths, leads to the mystical blending of shiva and shakti energies - or the Greek "hieros gamos". What we have today instead is a shut down of sexual growth at a pre-pubescent level - with all that implies ... - Unknown 2093 - Carla Prata, Musa, Uniao da Ilha (2015) - as Cleopatra - Unknown 2094 - Carla Prata, Musa, Uniao da Ilha (2015) - as Cleopatra - that's King (Pharoah) not Queen Cleopatra. The Greeks descended into the African flesh pot! There's a sci-fi series that has this a theme - all amazon rulers - "the 100" - although its not as erotic as it could be. - Unknown 2095 - Carla Prata, Musa, Uniao da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 2096 - Carla Prata - grande vencedora do Mister Rio, na categoria Wellness Master (2014) - Unknown 2097 - Carla Prata - grande vencedora do Mister Rio, na categoria Wellness Master (2014) - Unknown 2098 - Rosi Barreto - Musa, União da Ilha (2015) - Unknown 2101 Welly Gomes - musa, Estácio de Sá (2018) - Unknown 2102 Welly Gomes - musa, Estácio de Sá (2018) - Unknown 2103 Welly Gomes - musa, Estácio de Sá (2018) - Unknown 2104 Welly Gomes, musa da escola de samba Estácio de Sá (2019) - Unknown 2105 Welly Gomes, musa da escola de samba Estácio de Sá (2019) - Unknown 2106 Pri Santtana - musa da X9 paulistana & " "Musa Mais Sarada do Carnaval" (2017 & 2018) "Hottest Muse of Carnaval" - ensaio técnico - Unknown 2107 Pri Santtana - musa da X9 paulistana (2018) ensaio técnico - Unknown 2108 Pri Santtana - musa da X9 paulistana (2018) ensaio técnico - Unknown 2109 Oya warrior. Mangueira (2016) " ... Mangueira First Station won the Gold Standard as the best school in the Special Group. The green and pink, which ended the parades, brought to Sapucaí the plot "Maria Bethânia, the girl with the eyes of Oyá". ...
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